F I L E D United States Court of Appeals Tenth Circuit UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS JUL 9 1999 FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT PATRICK FISHER Clerk
LINDA J. GRAVITT,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 98-7156 (D.C. No. 97-CV-380-S) KENNETH S. APFEL, Commissioner, (E.D. Okla.) Social Security Administration,
Defendant-Appellee.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before PORFILIO , BARRETT , and HENRY , Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral
argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore
ordered submitted without oral argument.
* This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3. Claimant Linda J. Gravitt appeals from the district court’s order affirming
the decision of the Commissioner of Social Security that she is not entitled to
disability insurance benefits and supplemental security income disability benefits.
After “closely examin[ing] the record as a whole to determine whether the
[Commissioner’s] decision is supported by substantial evidence and adheres to
applicable legal standards,” Evans v. Chater, 55 F.3d 530, 531 (10th Cir. 1995),
we affirm.
Ms. Gravitt claims that she is disabled due to pain and other limitations
arising from a right shoulder rotator cuff tear, and carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel
syndrome in both hands and elbows. The administrative law judge (ALJ)
determined at step five of the five-step sequential process, see Williams v.
Bowen , 844 F.2d 748, 750-52 (10th Cir. 1988), that although she cannot return to
her former position as tireworker, she can perform a reduced range of sedentary
work. He therefore concluded Ms. Gravitt is not disabled within the meaning of
the Social Security Act.
On appeal, Ms. Gravitt argues that the ALJ failed to properly evaluate her
pain and other limitations. She also contends that the ALJ’s determination was
erroneous because the vocational expert identified a job with an insignificant
number of positions available to her, in light of the distance she would have to
travel from her rural home.
-2- The medical evidence shows that Ms. Gravitt has undergone surgery on her
right shoulder and both hands, during the period from September 30, 1992 to
April 28, 1994. On August 1, 1994, her treating physician determined that she
had reached maximum medical improvement, with a 16% permanent partial
medical impairment of the whole person. The physician released her for work
with permanent restrictions on lifting; pushing, pulling, and twisting; use of
pneumatic or vibrating hand-held tools; and use of hands in repetitive working
activities for more than three to five hours a day. On March 29, 1995, when seen
for a consultative examination, Ms. Gravitt continued to complain of pain and
limited use of her shoulder, pain in her elbows, and pain and loss of strength and
dexterity in her hands.
Ms. Gravitt challenges the ALJ’s determination that her subjective
complaints of disabling pain are not fully credible. Concerning this issue, we
must bear in mind that [c]redibility determinations are peculiarly the province
of the finder of fact, and we will not upset such determinations when supported
by substantial evidence. Kepler v. Chater , 68 F.3d 387, 391 (10th Cir. 1995)
(quoting Diaz v. Secretary of Health & Human Servs. , 898 F.2d 774, 777
(10th Cir. 1990)). Here, the ALJ appropriately discussed the relevant evidence,
including claimant’s medical record, frequency of medical contacts, daily
activities, level of pain medication, and motivation, and, based on that discussion,
-3- found that Ms. Gravitt’s pain was not as severe as alleged. See Kepler , 68 F.3d
at 391 (addressing factors relevant to consideration of claimant’s pain complaints
and requiring the ALJ to affirmatively link credibility findings to substantial
evidence). The record provides substantial evidence supporting the ALJ’s
credibility determination.
Similarly, there is support for the ALJ’s determination that Ms. Gravitt has
the residual functional capacity for a reduced range of sedentary work in spite of
her severe musculoskeletal impairment. The ALJ’s findings on this issue are fully
consistent with the medical opinion of the treating physician and reconcilable
with that of the consulting physician.
Ms. Gravitt also argues that the ALJ erred in finding that there are
a significant number of jobs that she could perform. In response to the ALJ’s
hypothetical question concerning jobs available to a person with the limitations
noted by the treating physician, the vocational expert (VE) identified the job of
sedentary surveillance systems monitor. The VE testified there were 500 such
jobs in Oklahoma and 70,000 nationwide. 1
1 Ms. Gravitt emphasizes the vocational expert’s cross-examination testimony that the available surveillance systems jobs would be reduced by 50% for an individual with very limited hand movement. This fact is irrelevant to our disposition of the appeal. Based on his weighing of the evidence, the ALJ did not include this limitation in his RFC determination. See Decker v. Chater , 86 F.3d 953, 955 (10th Cir. 1996) (hypothetical questions to the VE need only reflect (continued...)
-4- Ms. Gravitt contends that common sense dictates that most surveillance
monitor jobs are in urban areas, and that her disability prevents her from traveling
the distance from her rural home to perform such work. Essentially, she argues
that, without the urban jobs, the occupational base does not contain the requisite
significant number of jobs that plaintiff could perform and, therefore, she should
be eligible for benefits. The argument is flawed.
If claimant’s RFC is “not enough to enable [her] to do any of [her] previous
work,” the Commissioner “must decide if [she] can do any other work . . . that
exist[s] in significant numbers in the national economy.” 20 C.F.R. §§ 1561,
416.961. “[W]ork exists in the national economy when it exists in significant
numbers either in the region where [claimant] live[s] or in several other regions
of the country. It does not matter whether . . . [w]ork exists in the immediate area
in which [claimant] live[s].” Id. , §§ 404.1566(a); 416.966(a).
Thus, “the number of jobs that contributes to the < significant number of
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F I L E D United States Court of Appeals Tenth Circuit UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS JUL 9 1999 FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT PATRICK FISHER Clerk
LINDA J. GRAVITT,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v. No. 98-7156 (D.C. No. 97-CV-380-S) KENNETH S. APFEL, Commissioner, (E.D. Okla.) Social Security Administration,
Defendant-Appellee.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT *
Before PORFILIO , BARRETT , and HENRY , Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined
unanimously to grant the parties’ request for a decision on the briefs without oral
argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(f); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore
ordered submitted without oral argument.
* This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. The court generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3. Claimant Linda J. Gravitt appeals from the district court’s order affirming
the decision of the Commissioner of Social Security that she is not entitled to
disability insurance benefits and supplemental security income disability benefits.
After “closely examin[ing] the record as a whole to determine whether the
[Commissioner’s] decision is supported by substantial evidence and adheres to
applicable legal standards,” Evans v. Chater, 55 F.3d 530, 531 (10th Cir. 1995),
we affirm.
Ms. Gravitt claims that she is disabled due to pain and other limitations
arising from a right shoulder rotator cuff tear, and carpal tunnel and cubital tunnel
syndrome in both hands and elbows. The administrative law judge (ALJ)
determined at step five of the five-step sequential process, see Williams v.
Bowen , 844 F.2d 748, 750-52 (10th Cir. 1988), that although she cannot return to
her former position as tireworker, she can perform a reduced range of sedentary
work. He therefore concluded Ms. Gravitt is not disabled within the meaning of
the Social Security Act.
On appeal, Ms. Gravitt argues that the ALJ failed to properly evaluate her
pain and other limitations. She also contends that the ALJ’s determination was
erroneous because the vocational expert identified a job with an insignificant
number of positions available to her, in light of the distance she would have to
travel from her rural home.
-2- The medical evidence shows that Ms. Gravitt has undergone surgery on her
right shoulder and both hands, during the period from September 30, 1992 to
April 28, 1994. On August 1, 1994, her treating physician determined that she
had reached maximum medical improvement, with a 16% permanent partial
medical impairment of the whole person. The physician released her for work
with permanent restrictions on lifting; pushing, pulling, and twisting; use of
pneumatic or vibrating hand-held tools; and use of hands in repetitive working
activities for more than three to five hours a day. On March 29, 1995, when seen
for a consultative examination, Ms. Gravitt continued to complain of pain and
limited use of her shoulder, pain in her elbows, and pain and loss of strength and
dexterity in her hands.
Ms. Gravitt challenges the ALJ’s determination that her subjective
complaints of disabling pain are not fully credible. Concerning this issue, we
must bear in mind that [c]redibility determinations are peculiarly the province
of the finder of fact, and we will not upset such determinations when supported
by substantial evidence. Kepler v. Chater , 68 F.3d 387, 391 (10th Cir. 1995)
(quoting Diaz v. Secretary of Health & Human Servs. , 898 F.2d 774, 777
(10th Cir. 1990)). Here, the ALJ appropriately discussed the relevant evidence,
including claimant’s medical record, frequency of medical contacts, daily
activities, level of pain medication, and motivation, and, based on that discussion,
-3- found that Ms. Gravitt’s pain was not as severe as alleged. See Kepler , 68 F.3d
at 391 (addressing factors relevant to consideration of claimant’s pain complaints
and requiring the ALJ to affirmatively link credibility findings to substantial
evidence). The record provides substantial evidence supporting the ALJ’s
credibility determination.
Similarly, there is support for the ALJ’s determination that Ms. Gravitt has
the residual functional capacity for a reduced range of sedentary work in spite of
her severe musculoskeletal impairment. The ALJ’s findings on this issue are fully
consistent with the medical opinion of the treating physician and reconcilable
with that of the consulting physician.
Ms. Gravitt also argues that the ALJ erred in finding that there are
a significant number of jobs that she could perform. In response to the ALJ’s
hypothetical question concerning jobs available to a person with the limitations
noted by the treating physician, the vocational expert (VE) identified the job of
sedentary surveillance systems monitor. The VE testified there were 500 such
jobs in Oklahoma and 70,000 nationwide. 1
1 Ms. Gravitt emphasizes the vocational expert’s cross-examination testimony that the available surveillance systems jobs would be reduced by 50% for an individual with very limited hand movement. This fact is irrelevant to our disposition of the appeal. Based on his weighing of the evidence, the ALJ did not include this limitation in his RFC determination. See Decker v. Chater , 86 F.3d 953, 955 (10th Cir. 1996) (hypothetical questions to the VE need only reflect (continued...)
-4- Ms. Gravitt contends that common sense dictates that most surveillance
monitor jobs are in urban areas, and that her disability prevents her from traveling
the distance from her rural home to perform such work. Essentially, she argues
that, without the urban jobs, the occupational base does not contain the requisite
significant number of jobs that plaintiff could perform and, therefore, she should
be eligible for benefits. The argument is flawed.
If claimant’s RFC is “not enough to enable [her] to do any of [her] previous
work,” the Commissioner “must decide if [she] can do any other work . . . that
exist[s] in significant numbers in the national economy.” 20 C.F.R. §§ 1561,
416.961. “[W]ork exists in the national economy when it exists in significant
numbers either in the region where [claimant] live[s] or in several other regions
of the country. It does not matter whether . . . [w]ork exists in the immediate area
in which [claimant] live[s].” Id. , §§ 404.1566(a); 416.966(a).
Thus, “the number of jobs that contributes to the < significant number of
jobs’ standard looks to the national economy--not just a local area.” Harmon v.
Apfel , 168 F.3d 289, 292 (6th Cir. 1999). “Congress intended ‘to provide a
definition of disability which can be applied with uniformity and consistency
throughout the Nation, without regard to where a particular individual may
1 (...continued) impairments and limitations that are borne out by the evidentiary record).
-5- reside. . . .’” Id. (quoting H.R. Rep. No. 544, 90th Cong., 1st Sess. 29, 30
(1967)). In “‘tightening the definition of disability,’” Congress eliminated
consideration of commuting difficulties as an influence on the disability
determination. “‘A person, otherwise able to work, is in effect offered a choice:
he can choose either to commute the distance to his job or he can move closer and
avoid the expense and inconvenience. Disability insurance is not available to
fund his decision to live far from his job.’” Id. at 292-93 (quoting Lopez Diaz v.
Secretary of Health, Educ. & Welfare , 585 F.2d 1137, 1140 (1st Cir. 1978)).
We will not disturb the ALJ’s conclusion that Ms. Gravitt can perform
work which exists in significant numbers in the local economy.
AFFIRMED.
Entered for the Court
Robert H. Henry Circuit Judge
-6-