Goldstein v. Commonwealth, Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing

686 A.2d 43, 1996 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 470
CourtCommonwealth Court of Pennsylvania
DecidedNovember 14, 1996
StatusPublished

This text of 686 A.2d 43 (Goldstein v. Commonwealth, Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Goldstein v. Commonwealth, Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing, 686 A.2d 43, 1996 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 470 (Pa. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

RODGERS, Senior Judge.

The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing (Department) appeals from the order of the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County (trial court) which sustained the appeal of Justin B. Goldstein (Licensee) [44]*44from a fifteen-day suspension of his operating privilege. We affirm.

On September 4, 1995, Licensee was cited for violating Section 3362 of the Vehicle Code, 75 Pa.C.S. § 3362 (relating to maximum speed limits) by driving ninety-eight miles per hour on a section of the Pennsylvania Turnpike that had a posted speed limit of sixty-five miles per hour. On October 18, 1995, Licensee was convicted of violating Section 3362 by driving at a speed of thirty-three miles per hour in excess of the posted limit. The district court transmitted the certification of Licensee’s conviction to the Department on November 1,1995.

By official notice dated November 14,1995, the Department notified Licensee that, as a result of his conviction, five points had been assessed to his driving record;1 the notice also informed Licensee that he was required to attend a Departmental hearing.

At a hearing on December 11,1995, Licensee informed the hearing examiner that he had been driving for approximately eight years, that he drives approximately 15,000 miles per year and that this was his only violation in seven years. Licensee further stated that the violation occurred while he was attempting to get away from a tailgating car, which had stayed with him even after he changed lanes and slowed to a speed of approximately fifty miles per hour. According to Licensee, a truck cut in between the two cars and Licensee sped up to put some distance between himself and the truck.

The hearing examiner recommended that Licensee’s operating privilege be suspended for fifteen days, pursuant to Section 1538(d) of the Vehicle Code, 75 Pa.C.S. 1538(d). The Department adopted the hearing examiner’s recommendation and so notified Licensee.

Licensee filed a statutory appeal with the trial court, which held a de novo hearing on March 20, 1996. The Department entered into evidence a packet of certified documents which included the Department’s receipt of the electronic transmission of Licensee’s conviction and the hearing examiner’s report. The Department rested with the admission of its documents.

Licensee presented no testimony or evidence. However, his attorney argued that the fifteen-day suspension was discretionary, not mandatory, and that there was no reason for the most severe sanction provided under Section § 1538(d) to be imposed.2 Licensee’s counsel argued that a driver’s examination would be a more appropriate sanction. The Department requested the trial court to impose an alternative sanction in the event that the trial court sustained Licensee’s appeal.

The trial court noted that the imposition of a suspension under Section 1538(d) is discretionary and further stated that it had the authority to order an alternative sanction. The trial court concluded that the suspension would serve no reasonable purpose and that justice would be better served by requiring Licensee to submit to a driver’s examination. So ordering, the trial court sustained Licensee’s appeal.

On appeal to this Court,3 the Department argues that the trial court erred as a matter of law and exceeded its scope of review by substituting its discretion for that of the Department.

Licensee maintains that the trial court’s order was proper in light of this Court’s [45]*45holdings in Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing v. Bankston, 156 Pa.Cmwlth. 127, 625 A.2d 1333 (1993) and Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing v. Fiore, 138 Pa.Cmwlth. 596, 588 A.2d 1332 (1991). In those decisions, we recognized the authority of a statutory appeals court to modify a discretionary sanction imposed under Section 1538(d) where the trial court determines that the Department abused its discretion.

Prior to our decision in Fiore, the authority of the trial courts conducting de novo review was limited to determining whether a motorist has been convicted and whether the Department has faithfully observed the provisions of the law in issuing a suspension. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing v. Daniels, 117 Pa.Cmwlth. 640, 544 A.2d 109 (1988).

In Fiore, the licensee appealed the imposition of a fifteen-day suspension imposed under Section 1538(d) to the trial court, arguing that the suspension was unfair in light of his driving record. Counsel for the Department explained to the trial judge that a fifteen-day suspension was generally given rather than a suspension for a shorter period, because it is almost impossible for the Department to process a suspension in less than fifteen days. The trial judge pointed out that the statute allowed for suspensions of less than fifteen days and reduced the suspension to ten days, reasoning that it was unfair to give the licensee the maximum penalty because of the Department’s administrative difficulties.

On appeal, this Court affirmed, noting that early in our history we adopted the position that a “check rein” must be kept on administrative agencies where the agency acts in the dual capacity of both prosecutor and judge. See Redevelopment Authority of the City of Erie v. Owners or Parties in Interest, 1 Pa.Cmwlth. 378, 274 A.2d 244 (1971) (citing Schwartz v. Urban Redevelopment Authority of Pittsburgh, 411 Pa. 530, 192 A.2d 371 (1963)). The Fiore court stated that, in such cases, de novo review provides a cheek on the agency and protects defendants against the arbitrary exercise of power.

The Fiore court concluded that the traditional interpretation of de novo review “severely impedes the ability of trial courts to ensure the administration of justice by precluding modification in situations where justice requires modification.” Id. at 1335. The court further noted the Department’s admission that the duration of the penalty imposed is often based on administrative concerns rather than the severity of the violation. The Fiore court held that, under these circumstances, the imposition of the maximum suspension provided for in Section 1538(d) constituted an arbitrary exercise of power which was “clearly the type of abuse against which de novo review was intended to protect.” Id.

In conclusion, the Fiore court stated:

In order for trial courts to provide forums which are true and effective checks on the department, the broad discretion granted them to ensure the administration of justice by protecting drivers against the arbitrary exercise of power by the department must extend beyond a mere review of the facts to the modification of sanctions imposed where, as here, the department has abused its discretion when choosing from the range of penalties provided.

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Related

Schwartz v. Urban Redevelopment Authority
192 A.2d 371 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1963)
Com., Dept. of Transp. v. Renwick
669 A.2d 934 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, 1996)
COM., DEPT. OF TRANSP. v. Fiore
588 A.2d 1332 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1991)
Commonwealth, Department of Transportation v. Daniels
544 A.2d 109 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1988)
Redevelopment Authority of City of Erie v. Owners or Parties in Interest
274 A.2d 244 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1971)
Commonwealth v. Bankston
625 A.2d 1333 (Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania, 1993)

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686 A.2d 43, 1996 Pa. Commw. LEXIS 470, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/goldstein-v-commonwealth-department-of-transportation-bureau-of-driver-pacommwct-1996.