Goldberg v. Goldberg

698 So. 2d 63, 1997 WL 414579
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedJuly 23, 1997
Docket96-CA-2145
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 698 So. 2d 63 (Goldberg v. Goldberg) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Goldberg v. Goldberg, 698 So. 2d 63, 1997 WL 414579 (La. Ct. App. 1997).

Opinion

698 So.2d 63 (1997)

Kim Glazer GOLDBERG
v.
Arnold Martin GOLDBERG.

No. 96-CA-2145.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Fourth Circuit.

July 23, 1997.

*64 W. Patrick Klotz, Collins, Klotz & Roeder, L.L.P., New Orleans, and Kern Reese and Robert G. Harvey, New Orleans, for Appellant.

Steven J. Lane, Maury A. Herman, Herman, Herman, Katz & Cotlar, New Orleans, for Appellant.

Before LOBRANO, ARMSTRONG and MURRAY, JJ.

LOBRANO, Judge.

In this domestic litigation, both parties appeal the trial court judgment of December 6,1995, as amended on March 29,1996. The cumulative effect of both decrees is as follows:

1) Kim Goldberg was ordered to pay Arnold Goldberg alimony pendente lite in the amount of $3,975.00 per month. Her request for alimony pendente lite was denied.
2) Arnold Goldberg was ordered to pay child support in the amount of $669.79 per month, retroactive to the date of filing, subject to reevaluation within six months of December 6,1995.
3) Kim Goldberg was ordered to pay the past due maintenance bills on two New York apartments owned by the community, subject to reimbursement when the community is partitioned.

Arnold Goldberg (Arnold) appeals those portions of the judgment awarding him alimony pendente lite, arguing it is too low, and *65 the child support award, which he complains is too high. Kim Goldberg (Kim) appeals complaining that she should not have to pay alimony pendente lite, nor the maintenance costs of the New York apartments. In addition, she also argues the child support award is too low and that the court erred in not granting her alimony pendente lite.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY:

Kim Glazer and Arnold Goldberg were married on June 23, 1984. On June 6, 1995 Kim filed a petition for divorce. Shortly thereafter (approximately two weeks) Arnold was terminated from his position as Chief Operating Officer of Glazer Steel Corporation, a business owned by Kim's family. The evidence indicates Arnold earned approximately $160,000.00 in 1992, 1993 and 1994. As of the date these matters were heard, Arnold was unemployed.[1]

Kim and Arnold moved to New Orleans in 1988. Shortly thereafter Arnold was employed by Glazer Steel and eventually moved into the position he occupied at the time of his termination. Kim's mother and father passed away in 1991 and the record indicates that by 1993 she had inherited between one and two million dollars. Prior to their separation, the evidence shows that the parties relied on Arnold's salary as their principal means of support.[2]

In reasons for judgment, the trial judge concluded that Arnold was terminated from his employ under questionable circumstances and thus should not be required to pay alimony pendente lite. The court also reasoned that even though the peculiar circumstances of his employment termination did not render him "voluntarily unemployed," he was in fact employable. For that reason, she ordered him to pay child support. The court found Arnold's annual earning capacity to be $32,500.00, it disallowed certain expense items he claimed and then awarded him alimony pendente lite in the amount of $3,975.00 per month. Finally, the court concluded that Kim was in a better financial position than Arnold to preserve the community apartments in New York.

ALIMONY PENDENTE LITE AWARD:

Arnold argues the award is too low and Kim argues it was error to deny her request for alimony pendente lite.

Arnold predicates his argument on both legal and factual errors. First he claims it was legal error for the court to consider his earning capacity when setting alimony pendente lite. Second, he claims that, even if his earning capacity is considered, it wasn't proved. Finally, he argues factual error in the disallowance of several of his expense items.

Kim argues that Arnold was always the principal wage earner and thus should pay her support.

a) Legal Argument:

In Gravois v. Gravois, 495 So.2d 315 (La. App. 4th Cir.1986), this court recognized the split in the circuits with respect to the use of earning capacity in determining alimony pendente lite. We adopted the approach taken by the First Circuit in Whipple v. Whipple, 424 So.2d 263 (La.App. 1st Cir.1982) and concluded that the Court may consider earning capacity in determining alimony pendente lite. This conclusion was premised on the great discretion afforded the trial court under Civil Code article 111 (formerly 148) which provides that "the judge may allow" support pending suit for divorce.

Subsequently, in Lindner v. Lindner, 506 So.2d 609 (La.App. 4th Cir.1987), we followed Gravois' reasoning and held that the trial court properly considered the claimant spouse's earning capacity in reducing her award after a period of ninety days. We reasoned that the claimant spouse had professional training which would enable her to earn approximately $25,000.00 per year, and thus permitted her 90 days of "enhanced" support in order to seek employment. The Supreme Court, however, granted writs and *66 reversed. Lindner v. Lindner, 508 So.2d 57 (La.1987). In a very abbreviated opinion the court merely stated:

The judgment of the court of Appeal is reversed and the judgment of the trial court is amended to delete the reduction of alimony pendente lite; the award of $2,231.00 per month shall continue until final divorce. See, C.C. arts. 148 and 160.

Arnold argues the Supreme Court's ruling in Lindner rejected our conclusion that earning capacity should be a factor. Arnold bolsters this argument by pointing out that Article 111 (formerly 148), providing for alimony pendente lite, makes no mention of earning capacity, while article 112 (formerly 160), providing for permanent alimony, makes specific mention of earning capacity. That is the reason, says Arnold, for the court's reference to articles 148(111) and 160(112) in its opinion. He refers us to Arrendell v. Arrendell, 390 So.2d 927 (La. App. 2nd Cir.1980) which noted that distinction between the two articles.

The Lindner opinion is easily subject to different interpretations. In addition to Arnold's position, Lindner has been cited for its disapproval of the imposition of a time limit for an award of alimony pendent lite. Martin v. Martin, 573 So.2d 620 (La.App. 2nd Cir.1991). In Els v. Els, 538 So.2d 1098 (La.App. 5th Cir.1989), the Fifth Circuit relied on both Lindner and Gravois in approving consideration by the trial court of the claimant spouse's immediate employment history, rather than simply her employability.

Subsequent to Linder, this court continued to cite Gravois with approval. Fairchild v. Fairchild, 537 So.2d 1260 (La.App. 4th Cir.1989). In the absence of further pronouncements by the Supreme Court on this issue, we cannot say the Gravois approach is unreasonable or that Lindner rejected it. The vast discretion afforded a trial court in setting alimony pendente lite, by necessity, requires consideration of numerous factors, including the claimant spouse's immediate employment history and capacity for self support. It would be unreasonable to say, as a matter of law, that those two factors should be ignored since they are an integral part of the "maintenance requirements versus available means" debate of pendente lite support claims. Accordingly, we will not exclude, as a matter of law, earning capacity as a factor for consideration.

b)

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698 So. 2d 63, 1997 WL 414579, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/goldberg-v-goldberg-lactapp-1997.