Givan v. State

2013 Ark. App. 701

• Court: Court of Appeals of Arkansas
• Decided: December 4, 2013
• Docket: CR-12-70
• Status: Published

Opinion

Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS DIVISION III No. CR-12-70

Opinion Delivered December 4, 2013 RECO GIVAN APPELLANT APPEAL FROM THE FAULKNER COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT [NOS. CR-2006-2907; CR-2007-27] V. HONORABLE RHONDA K. WOOD, JUDGE STATE OF ARKANSAS APPELLEE AFFIRMED

JOHN MAUZY PITTMAN, Judge

Appellant was placed on probation for a period of five years following his 2007

convictions for residential burglary, theft of property, and violation of the Controlled

Substances Act. The conditions of his probation required him to refrain from committing

any offense punishable by imprisonment; to report any arrest to the probation office within

twenty-four hours; and to pay court costs, fines, and fees. A revocation petition asserting

several violations of the conditions of his probation1 was filed in 2011. After a hearing,

appellant’s probation was revoked, resulting in a sentence to a term of imprisonment. On

appeal, appellant argues that the evidence was insufficient to support a finding that he had

knowledge of the conditions of his probation; that the trial court erred in exercising

1 E.g., failure to pay court costs and fines; failure to refrain from using controlled substances; violating Arkansas law by committing the new offense of possession of a controlled substance with intent to deliver; and failure to report the resulting arrest to his probation officer within twenty-four hours. Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

jurisdiction because appellant had been convicted in a different division of circuit court; that

the trial court erred in denying his motion to dismiss based on alleged discovery violations;

that appellant was denied due process because the State failed to inform him of the specific

acts that he was alleged to have committed in violation of the conditions of his probation;

that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to hold a revocation hearing more than sixty days

following his arrest; and that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to revoke his probation for

failure to comply with Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-309. We affirm.

We first address the jurisdictional issues. There is no merit to appellant’s argument

that the trial court lacked jurisdiction to revoke because he was convicted in a different

court. Although it is true that probation may be revoked only after a revocation hearing

conducted by the court that placed the defendant on probation, Ark. Code Ann. § 16-93-

307(b)(2) (Supp. 2013) (formerly Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-310(b)(2)), sentencing here was in

Faulkner County Circuit Court, Fourth Division, and revocation was in Faulkner County

Circuit Court, Fifth Division. Because judges of different divisions within a judicial circuit

have commutable authority, the trial court had jurisdiction to revoke appellant’s probation.

Nation v. State, 283 Ark. 250, 674 S.W.2d 939 (1984).

Nor is there merit to appellant’s argument that the trial court’s failure to hold the

revocation hearing within sixty days of his arrest deprived the trial court of jurisdiction. No

authority is cited for this proposition. Furthermore, the supreme court has squarely held that

the purpose of the sixty-day requirement of Ark. Code Ann. § 16-93-307(b)(2) (Supp. 2013)

is to assure that a defendant who has been arrested for violation of probation is not jailed for an

2 Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

unreasonable time awaiting his revocation hearing; a defendant who is incarcerated on

another charge is not prejudiced if more than sixty days elapses before his revocation hearing.

Beasley v. Graves, 315 Ark. 663, 869 S.W.2d 20 (1994). Here, appellant was in custody on

a parole violation during the pendency of the probation revocation and therefore suffered

no prejudice.

Also with respect to jurisdiction, appellant argues that the trial court lacked

jurisdiction to revoke his probation because the State failed to file a petition for revocation

or issue a warrant comporting with Ark. Code Ann. § 5-4-309(e) and (f) (Supp. 2009). Prior

to its repeal,2 section 5-4-309(a) through (f) read:

(a)(1) At any time before the expiration of a period of suspension or probation, a court may summon a defendant to appear before it or may issue a warrant for the defendant’s arrest.

(2) The warrant may be executed by any law enforcement officer.

(b) At any time before the expiration of a period of suspension or probation, any law enforcement officer may arrest a defendant without a warrant if the law enforcement officer has reasonable cause to believe that the defendant has failed to comply with a condition of his or her suspension or probation.

(c) A defendant arrested for violation of suspension or probation shall be taken immediately before the court that suspended imposition of sentence, or if the defendant was placed on probation, before the court supervising the probation.

(d) If a court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant has inexcusably failed to comply with a condition of his or her suspension or probation, the court may revoke the suspension or probation at any time prior to the expiration of the period of suspension or probation.

2 See Act 570 of 2011. Former section 5-4-309 now appears at Ark. Code Ann. § 16- 93-308 (Supp. 2013).

3 Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

(e) A finding of failure to comply with a condition of suspension or probation as provided in subsection (d) of this section, may be punished as contempt under § 16-10-108.

(f) A court may revoke a suspension or probation subsequent to the expiration of the period of suspension or probation if before expiration of the period:

(1) The defendant is arrested for violation of suspension or probation;

(2) A warrant is issued for the defendant’s arrest for violation of suspension or probation;

(3) A petition to revoke the defendant’s suspension or probation has been filed if a warrant is issued for the defendant's arrest within thirty (30) days of the date of filing the petition; or

(4) The defendant has been:

(A) Issued a citation in lieu of arrest under Rule 5 of the Arkansas Rules of Criminal Procedure for violation of suspension or probation; or

(B) Served a summons under Rule 6 of the Arkansas Rules of Criminal Procedure for violation of suspension or probation.

(Emphasis added.) Here, appellant argues that jurisdiction was lacking because no warrant

for revocation was issued and served under subsection (f). This subsection, however, deals

with the requirements bearing upon the court’s power to revoke after the probationary

period has expired. It has no application here because appellant’s probation was not revoked

after the probationary period expired. He was, he admits, convicted on March 14, 2007;

thus, his five-year probationary period would not end until March 14, 2012. Appellant’s

probation was revoked by an order filed October 6, 2011, well within the probationary

period.

4 Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

We next address appellant’s argument that the evidence was insufficient to support a

finding that he had knowledge of the conditions of his probation. Because the burden on

the State is not as great in a revocation hearing as in a criminal trial, evidence that is

insufficient for a criminal conviction may be sufficient for revocation of probation or

suspended sentence. Patterson v. State, 99 Ark. App. 136-A, 257 S.W.3d 921 (2007). On

appellate review of an order revoking probation, the trial court’s findings will be upheld

unless they are clearly against the preponderance of the evidence. Id. The determination of

a preponderance of the evidence turns on questions of credibility and weight to be given to

the testimony, and we therefore defer to the trial judge’s superior position. Id.

The record shows that in June 2011 Conway police officers, responding to a report

of three black men fighting, arrived on the scene but saw no fighting. When the officers

attempted to speak with the men present, appellant backed away, reached into his pockets,

and threw away cash and plastic baggies containing approximately sixteen grams of cocaine.3

Appellant was then arrested. Appellant’s probation officer testified at the revocation hearing

that appellant did not report this arrest within twenty-four hours, as required by the

conditions of his probation, and that appellant had made no payments of fines and costs since

May 2009.

Appellant’s argument that the State failed to prove that he knew the conditions of his

probation is premised on the fact that he did not sign the conditions of probation.

3 Appellant also argues this evidence was the fruit of the poisonous tree and should have been suppressed. We do not address this argument because it was neither raised nor ruled on below. Green v. State, 2013 Ark. App. 63.

5 Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

However, although there is a statutory requirement to provide a defendant with a written

statement explicitly setting forth the conditions under which he or she is being released, there

is no corollary requirement that the defendant sign a written acknowledgment when he

receives this written statement or that one be introduced at a revocation hearing. Patterson

v. State, 99 Ark. App. 136-A, 257 S.W.3d 921 (2007). Furthermore, appellant does not assert

that he, in fact, was unaware that criminal possession of cocaine was a violation of his

probationary terms or that he was required by those terms to pay fines and report to his

probation officer. Given the evidence that appellant did in fact pay fines and fees until May

2009 and did regularly report as required by the terms of his probation, we hold that the trial

court did not clearly err in finding that he was aware of the conditions of his probation. Nor

do we agree with appellant’s argument that the revocation petition provided him by the State

was not sufficiently specific to provide him notice of the probationary conditions that he was

charged with violating. The petition to revoke alleged violation of Arkansas law, failure to

abstain from illegal substances, failure to pay fines and fees, and failure to report. This was

accompanied by a revocation worksheet detailing appellant’s arrest for possession of

controlled substances with intent to deliver. Specifics of the failure to pay fines and report

as directed were also stated on the worksheet. We hold that this constituted adequate notice

of the alleged violations to comport with due process and Ark. Code Ann. § 16-93-

307(b)(3)(C) (Supp. 2013).

Finally, appellant argues that the trial court erred in denying his motion to dismiss

based on an alleged discovery violation by the State. We find no reversible error. We do

6 Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 701

not reverse in the absence of demonstrated prejudice, see Burton v. State, 314 Ark. 317, 862

S.W.2d 252 (1993), and here no possible prejudice could have resulted from any failure to

provide discovery because the trial court granted a continuance to another trial date to allow

appellant’s attorney to familiarize herself with the witness list that she claimed she did not

receive.

Affirmed.

HARRISON and WYNNE, JJ., agree.

Teresa Bloodman, for appellant.

Dustin McDaniel, Att’y Gen., by: Valerie Glover Fortner, Ass’t Att’y Gen., for appellee.