Sherwood, O. J.
This is a bill filed by the complainant «gainst the county drain commissioner and township treasurer, for the purpose of setting aside proceedings taken by the commissioner in laying out and establishing a ditch known as the “Gillett Drain,” in the townships of Burr Oak «nd Fawn Biver, in said county, and to remove the cloud upon the title to complainant’s land created by the tax levied for the construction of the drain.
[548]*548The bill alleges various reasons why the proceedings should be set aside, and which complainant claims all go to the jurisdiction of the commissioner, all of which, and some others, are relied upon.
Counsel in this Court claim:
1. That the application for the drain fails to state any public necessity therefor, or that it will be of benefit to public health; that the drain was simply a private concei'n, and of no public interest.
2. That the petition does not sufficiently describe the place for the location of the drain. It describes it as follows: “ Commencing on the south-west quarter of section No. 1, township of Fawn Eiver, 20 chains south, and twelve and 56-100 chains east, of the west quarter post of said section; thence north-easterly to the center of said section, thence north, crossing the township line between said townships near the north quarter post of said section No. 1, terminating about 80 rods north of said quarter post, on section No. 36, in the township of Burr Oak.”
3. That the petition is not signed by five resident freeholders. [These three are the objections to the petition in the case.]
4. That neither the final order of determination of the commissioner, nor the notice of letting of contracts, contains a description of the width or the depth of the proposed drain.
5. There was a second letting of contracts for the construction of the drain, and no notice was published or posted of such second letting, as required by statute.
6. It is claimed- by the appellant that on the fourteenth day af June, 1886, Edward Troyer, one of the parties interested, took an appeal to the township board from the assessment, made by the commissioner, to have it reviewed; that-the meeting of the board was called for the twenty-sixth of June, but that the meeting was held the twenty-fifth; and the township board of Fawn Eiver proceeded to review the assessments made, and changed the per cent, of the benefits' apportioned to that town from 20 per cent., to 5 per cent., and placed the 15 per cent, upon the lands belonging to the complainant ; and that such action of the board was illegal, and unjust to complainant; and the complainant further claims that the statute authorizing such appeal is unconstitutional.
7. That tlie tax could not be legally assessed, and entered upon the assessment roll, until after proceedings of the drain. [549]*549■commissioner had been filed with the county clerk, and that this was never done.
These are the several positions taken either in the bill, or ■by the complainant’s counsel upon the argument.
The defendants both appeared, and made answer to the bill, ■and say that the petition was sufficient in all essential particulars to give the commissioner jurisdiction to act, and that ■his action was regular and according to the statute, and deny all illegal acts or omissions charged in the bill on the part of .the commissioner.
They admit the taking of the appeal by Mr. Troyer, and ■aver that it was heard on the day and place appointed by the board, and that the review of the assessment was in all respects according to the statute, and that the determination of the board is in accordance with justice.
. They further deny that the complainant was in any way injured by the action of the board.
They further claim that the complainant is not entitled to •any relief for the reason that the drain is laid entirely upon his own land, and was so laid at his own instigation and xequest; that he was one of the petitioners for the construe, tion of the drain; that he released the right of way for the drain through his land where it is constructed; that he watched every step taken in the progress of the improvement; that he was present at every meeting held by the commissioner in laying out and constructing the drain; that he attended the meeting of the township board on the appeal from the finding of the commissioner of benefits, and, without any objection on his part to any of the proceedings, canvassed the merits of the assessments made by the commissioner and appealed from.
That the call for the meeting was made for the twenty-fifth day of June, 1886, and it was held on that day, and that any statement or record showing the contrary is erroneous; that all the parties interested on that day were present, [550]*550including the drain commissioner, and, without objection from any one, the appeal was heard and determined by the said township board.
That, at the time of the second letting of contracts-charged in the bill by the commissioner, the complainant was present, and bid for the construction of two sections of said drain, and they were struck off to him, and, although he allowed another to do the work, he gave the required bond for its faithful performance; that at this time he made no objection to any of the proceedings of the drain commissioner, nor even to those on the part of the township board; and that the complainant never made any objection of any kind to any one-until the tax-roll containing the tax complained of was placed in the hands of the treasurer for collection, and then not-until after all parties had paid their assessments, who were taxed for benefits in the construction of said drain, except-himself; and that, up to the time of the commencement of this suit, the complainant had taken no steps, entered no-objection, nor apprised the defendants, or other persons-interested in said drain, that he was not satisfied with all the proceedings had and taken in the laying out, building, and-construction of said drain.
For these reasons the defendants urge that the decree already made in the case should not be disturbed.
The cause was heard before Judge Pealer in the St. Joseph circuit, oh pleadings and proofs, and he made a decree dismissing the complainant’s bill.
We have examined the petition in this case, and find it sufficient to give the drain commissioner jurisdiction to act, and, with the exception of the action taken by the township • board on appeal, all the objections made to the proceedingo of the commissioner were such as a party interested might waive, and which we think were completely waivod under tho evidence in this case, which in the main supports the facts as claimed by the defendants, as above set forth.
[551]*551We think the complainant brings his case, with the exception above mentioned, clearly within the ruling of this Court in Harwood v. Drain Commissioner, 51 Mich. 639 (17 N. W. Rep. 216). This very much resembles that case in many of its features.
There is, however, an insuperable objection to affirming the decree. The township board of Fawn Eiver had no power to change the per cent, of the drain assessment to be borne by the township, after the commissioner had fixed it. This appears to have been done by the board, and to that extent their action must be set aside. See section 1, chap. 5, Act No. 227, Laws of 1885.
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Sherwood, O. J.
This is a bill filed by the complainant «gainst the county drain commissioner and township treasurer, for the purpose of setting aside proceedings taken by the commissioner in laying out and establishing a ditch known as the “Gillett Drain,” in the townships of Burr Oak «nd Fawn Biver, in said county, and to remove the cloud upon the title to complainant’s land created by the tax levied for the construction of the drain.
[548]*548The bill alleges various reasons why the proceedings should be set aside, and which complainant claims all go to the jurisdiction of the commissioner, all of which, and some others, are relied upon.
Counsel in this Court claim:
1. That the application for the drain fails to state any public necessity therefor, or that it will be of benefit to public health; that the drain was simply a private concei'n, and of no public interest.
2. That the petition does not sufficiently describe the place for the location of the drain. It describes it as follows: “ Commencing on the south-west quarter of section No. 1, township of Fawn Eiver, 20 chains south, and twelve and 56-100 chains east, of the west quarter post of said section; thence north-easterly to the center of said section, thence north, crossing the township line between said townships near the north quarter post of said section No. 1, terminating about 80 rods north of said quarter post, on section No. 36, in the township of Burr Oak.”
3. That the petition is not signed by five resident freeholders. [These three are the objections to the petition in the case.]
4. That neither the final order of determination of the commissioner, nor the notice of letting of contracts, contains a description of the width or the depth of the proposed drain.
5. There was a second letting of contracts for the construction of the drain, and no notice was published or posted of such second letting, as required by statute.
6. It is claimed- by the appellant that on the fourteenth day af June, 1886, Edward Troyer, one of the parties interested, took an appeal to the township board from the assessment, made by the commissioner, to have it reviewed; that-the meeting of the board was called for the twenty-sixth of June, but that the meeting was held the twenty-fifth; and the township board of Fawn Eiver proceeded to review the assessments made, and changed the per cent, of the benefits' apportioned to that town from 20 per cent., to 5 per cent., and placed the 15 per cent, upon the lands belonging to the complainant ; and that such action of the board was illegal, and unjust to complainant; and the complainant further claims that the statute authorizing such appeal is unconstitutional.
7. That tlie tax could not be legally assessed, and entered upon the assessment roll, until after proceedings of the drain. [549]*549■commissioner had been filed with the county clerk, and that this was never done.
These are the several positions taken either in the bill, or ■by the complainant’s counsel upon the argument.
The defendants both appeared, and made answer to the bill, ■and say that the petition was sufficient in all essential particulars to give the commissioner jurisdiction to act, and that ■his action was regular and according to the statute, and deny all illegal acts or omissions charged in the bill on the part of .the commissioner.
They admit the taking of the appeal by Mr. Troyer, and ■aver that it was heard on the day and place appointed by the board, and that the review of the assessment was in all respects according to the statute, and that the determination of the board is in accordance with justice.
. They further deny that the complainant was in any way injured by the action of the board.
They further claim that the complainant is not entitled to •any relief for the reason that the drain is laid entirely upon his own land, and was so laid at his own instigation and xequest; that he was one of the petitioners for the construe, tion of the drain; that he released the right of way for the drain through his land where it is constructed; that he watched every step taken in the progress of the improvement; that he was present at every meeting held by the commissioner in laying out and constructing the drain; that he attended the meeting of the township board on the appeal from the finding of the commissioner of benefits, and, without any objection on his part to any of the proceedings, canvassed the merits of the assessments made by the commissioner and appealed from.
That the call for the meeting was made for the twenty-fifth day of June, 1886, and it was held on that day, and that any statement or record showing the contrary is erroneous; that all the parties interested on that day were present, [550]*550including the drain commissioner, and, without objection from any one, the appeal was heard and determined by the said township board.
That, at the time of the second letting of contracts-charged in the bill by the commissioner, the complainant was present, and bid for the construction of two sections of said drain, and they were struck off to him, and, although he allowed another to do the work, he gave the required bond for its faithful performance; that at this time he made no objection to any of the proceedings of the drain commissioner, nor even to those on the part of the township board; and that the complainant never made any objection of any kind to any one-until the tax-roll containing the tax complained of was placed in the hands of the treasurer for collection, and then not-until after all parties had paid their assessments, who were taxed for benefits in the construction of said drain, except-himself; and that, up to the time of the commencement of this suit, the complainant had taken no steps, entered no-objection, nor apprised the defendants, or other persons-interested in said drain, that he was not satisfied with all the proceedings had and taken in the laying out, building, and-construction of said drain.
For these reasons the defendants urge that the decree already made in the case should not be disturbed.
The cause was heard before Judge Pealer in the St. Joseph circuit, oh pleadings and proofs, and he made a decree dismissing the complainant’s bill.
We have examined the petition in this case, and find it sufficient to give the drain commissioner jurisdiction to act, and, with the exception of the action taken by the township • board on appeal, all the objections made to the proceedingo of the commissioner were such as a party interested might waive, and which we think were completely waivod under tho evidence in this case, which in the main supports the facts as claimed by the defendants, as above set forth.
[551]*551We think the complainant brings his case, with the exception above mentioned, clearly within the ruling of this Court in Harwood v. Drain Commissioner, 51 Mich. 639 (17 N. W. Rep. 216). This very much resembles that case in many of its features.
There is, however, an insuperable objection to affirming the decree. The township board of Fawn Eiver had no power to change the per cent, of the drain assessment to be borne by the township, after the commissioner had fixed it. This appears to have been done by the board, and to that extent their action must be set aside. See section 1, chap. 5, Act No. 227, Laws of 1885.
We find no merit in the objection that the law is unconstitutional because of defective title. The body of the act is clearly within its title, and its objects are sufficiently expressed.
Neither is it in violation of section 9, Art. 14, Const., relating to the State engaging in works of internal improvement. So far as appears, the work is one of local improvement for the benefit of public health, and to be paid for by the townships and persons to be benefited thereby, and which has always been held proper, under our Constitution, when the improvement has been undertaken and carried forward under reasonable legal limitations and safeguards.
The appeal is given oniy from the per cent, of benefits ordered by the drain commissioner tó be assessed against the lands of individuals benefited, and not from the apportionment made against the townships. The township board, on appeal, in their action, reduced the amount to be raised by the township from 20 per cent, to 5 per cent., and added the 15 per cent, to the assessment of complainant on account of benefits to his property. This the board had no right to do, and their action in this regard should be reversed, and the assessment allowed to' stand as made before the appeal was taken.
[552]*552The decree of the circuit court will be reversed, and a new decree entered in this Court in accordance with the opinion. No costs will be given to either party.
Chahplin, Morse, and Long, JJ., concurred.