Gilbert, Thomas v. United Parcel Service, Inc.

2019 TN WC 31
CourtTennessee Court of Workers' Compensation Claims
DecidedFebruary 21, 2019
Docket2018-06-1684
StatusPublished

This text of 2019 TN WC 31 (Gilbert, Thomas v. United Parcel Service, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Tennessee Court of Workers' Compensation Claims primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gilbert, Thomas v. United Parcel Service, Inc., 2019 TN WC 31 (Tenn. Super. Ct. 2019).

Opinion

FILED Feb 21, 2019 10:55 AM(CT) TENNESSEE COURT OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION CLAIMS

TENNESSEE BUREAU OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION IN THE COURT OF WORKERS' COMPENSATION CLAIMS AT NASHVILLE

Thomas Gilbert, ) Docket No. 2018-06-1685 Employee, ) v. ) United Parcel Service, Inc., ) State File No. 33590-2016 Employer, ) And ) Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, ) Judge Kenneth M. Switzer Carrier. )

COMPENSATION HEARING ORDER GRANTING BENEFITS

The Court held a compensation hearing on February 12, 2019. The issues were whether Thomas Gilbert sustained a compensable aggravation of a preexisting condition at work for United Parcel Service, and if so, his entitlement to permanent partial disability benefits. For the reasons below, the Court holds that Mr. Gilbert's injury is compensable and he is entitled to permanent partial disability benefits totaling $3 8,61 0, which represents a permanent impairment of ten percent to the body as a whole.

History of Claim

Mr. Gilbert works as a driver delivering packages for UPS. He argued he suffered an aggravation of a preexisting degenerative condition. Specifically, he argued that his knee healed from a previous surgery related to a work injury, but frequent climbing into his work truck and walking hastened his need for a total knee replacement.

Mr. Gilbert sustained a work-related injury to his left knee in May 2011. Dr. David Moore, the authorized treating physician, performed an arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy and chondroplasty and released him to work in October 20 11. The parties entered into a settlement agreement providing lifetime medical benefits for the injury. Mr. Gilbert continued to receive authorized care from Dr. Moore. His knee improved over time, and he stopped seeing Dr. Moore in 2012.

1 Mr. Gilbert testified he had no problems with his left knee in 2013 and 2014, but in 2015, he began experiencing pain in his knee when climbing into the truck. Once the pain intensified, he returned to Dr. Moore in July 2015.

In January 2016, Dr. Moore recommended a total knee replacement and referred Mr. Gilbert to his partner, Dr. Gregory Raab, an arthroplasty specialist. Dr. Moore noted at that visit, "My impression is that his [need] for a total knee arthroplasty is directly related to his meniscal injury." Ex. 2 at 11. Dr. Raab saw Mr. Gilbert on April22, 2016, noting he "works as a Driver at UPS" and his history of surgery, concluding:

[Mr. Gilbert] had been doing reasonably well until more recently, and over the last several months has had significant increase in his symptoms with pain worsening, both medially and anteriorly with stairs. He describes now the pain is constant. He has difficulty walking. He has difficulty with stairs, which is challenging given the patient's job as a UPS driver, where he is constantly in and out of his vehicle loading and unloading.

!d. at 12. Dr. Raab agreed the surgery was necessary and performed it a few months later. Mr. Gilbert returned to his full-time, regular work duties in January 2017.

Mr. Gilbert testified at the compensation hearing that he climbs into his work truck approximately 150 to 200 times per day, five days per week, stepping up approximately eighteen inches. He previously testified that the number of times he climbs into the truck is 150 to 160 times daily. For its part, UPS offered the testimony of Erik Robling, Mr. Gilbert's supervisor, who stated the distance from the ground inside UPS's garage to the first step was fifteen inches. Mr. Gilbert conceded that his measurement was an "estimate." Mr. Gilbert said he stepped up into the truck using his left leg first until he began experiencing left-knee pain in 2015. He explained, "Because of the problems I was having, I switched from starting with my left knee to stepping in with my right leg to take the pressure off that left leg."

Mr. Gilbert sought permanent partial disability benefits based on the impairment rating from his independent medical examiner, Dr. Stephen Neely. In contrast, UPS relied on Dr. Raab's opinion that the need for a total knee replacement related to the 2011 meniscectomy, and therefore the injury is not compensable.

Deposition Testimony on Causation and Impairment

Both parties offered medical proof by deposition in support of their positions on medical causation and impairment. Mr. Gilbert submitted the deposition testimony of Dr. Neely; UPS offered Dr. Raab's deposition testimony.

With regard to their qualifications, Dr. Neely recently retired for medical reasons

2 from a thirty-year-plus active practice of orthopedics. Previously, he annually performed about 200 knee replacements. He now provides medical evaluations on a single-visit basis. Dr. Raab remains actively engaged in orthopedic practice specializing in hip and knee joint replacement surgery. Both doctors are board-certified in orthopedics. Dr. Raab participated in a year-long fellowship in joint reconstruction, while Dr. Neely annually attends a seminar on "current concepts in arthroplasty."

Dr. Neely reviewed the medical records and saw Mr. Gilbert once. Dr. Raab performed the knee replacement surgery and saw Mr. Gilbert a total of ten times, including for surgical procedures. Only the April 2016 visit occurred before the surgery, and three of the post-surgical visits were with a physician's assistant.

On the issue of causation, Dr. Raab thoroughly recounted the office notes visit-by- visit. He concluded his direct examination by saying that the cause of Mr. Gilbert's total knee replacement was, by more than fifty percent, the 2011 meniscal surgery, considering all other causes. Ex. 3 at 37-38.

In a combative cross-examination, Dr. Raab equivocated on his understanding of the terms "aggravation," "continuous trauma," and "cumulative trauma." !d. at 40-46. Dr. Raab denied knowing much about what Mr. Gilbert did during the period between his 2011 surgery and the time Dr. Raab saw him. !d. at 50-51. However, Dr. Raab admitted taking a medical history about Mr. Gilbert's work. !d. at 48-50. Ultimately, Dr. Raab concluded he could not apply a percentage on any aggravation of Mr. Gilbert's knee injury because, when he saw Mr. Gilbert, his knee was already bone-to-bone. !d. at 55. Dr. Raab stated that he could not attribute all of the wear on Mr. Gilbert's knee to his job "because he had a: life outside of his job too that also contributed to wear." !d. at 65. He explained, "So I have no way of knowing, as the case with any patient, which part of wear is contributed specifically to one particular event or cycle or repetitive activity because they're all the variables in his knee that are wearing regularly [that] are going to contribute to that." !d. at 66.

Dr. Neely arrived at a different conclusion. He described his knowledge of Mr. Gilbert's work activities, especially entering his UPS truck. Ex. 4 at 13-15. Dr. Neely explained the forces that this action would exert upon the knee. !d. He concluded that the wear and tear to Mr. Gilbert's knee accelerated with his daily work activities, specifically concluding that more than fifty-one percent of the need for his knee replacement surgery was caused by work. !d. at 18-20.

On the issue of impairment, the doctors also widely varied in their assessments. Dr. Raab found a zero-percent impairment, while Dr. Neely found a thirty-one percent impairment. Both ratings were to the lower extremity.

Dr. Raab testified that, one year post-operatively, he had no concerns about the

3 success of the knee replacement and did not "feel that he needed anything further." Ex. 3 at 32. He placed a zero-percent rating at that time. !d. at 33. He said at the time he rated Mr.

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2019 TN WC 31, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gilbert-thomas-v-united-parcel-service-inc-tennworkcompcl-2019.