Gerhardt v. City of Evansville

Indiana Court of Appeals

Gerhardt v. City of Evansville

416 N.E.2d 142, 1981 Ind. App. LEXIS 1249

CourtIndiana Court of Appeals

DecidedFebruary 4, 1981

DocketNo. 1-799A207

StatusPublished

This text of 416 N.E.2d 142 (Gerhardt v. City of Evansville) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Indiana Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

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Gerhardt v. City of Evansville, 416 N.E.2d 142, 1981 Ind. App. LEXIS 1249 (Ind. Ct. App. 1981).

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Opinion

ON PETITION FOR REHEARING

YOUNG, Presiding Judge.

The City of Evansville petitions this court to rehear our decision entered August 26, 1980, found at 408 N.E.2d 1308. They represent that we erred in our decision contravening a precedent of the Indiana Supreme Court, Dortch v. Lugar, (1971) 255 Ind. 545, 266 N.E.2d 25, and created a conflict with the opinion of the Indiana Court of Appeals, Third District, State ex rel. Dunlap v. Cross, (1980) Ind.App., 403 N.E.2d 885.

We deny the petition.

The portion of Dortch we are said to contravene is as follows:

We are unaware of any constitutional provision guaranteeing the right to be a police officer or to be a police officer free from disciplinary action. It is our considered opinion that the disciplinary procedures provided for by the Act respecting the discipline of members of the consolidated police force are eminently reasonable and beyond constitutional attack.

266 N.E.2d at 46. We did not contravene Dortch. We did not guarantee the right to be a police officer or the right to be a police officer free from disciplinary action. Nor did we find the procedures to be unreasonable. In light of existing supreme court authority, (even in Dortch, 266 N.E.2d at 47-48) we allowed the disciplined officer judicial review in order to assure that the reasonable procedures were followed, the disciplinary action was within the scope of the disciplinary agency’s powers and it acted according to law. 408 N.E.2d at 1310-11.¹

The City also asserts that we are in conflict with Dunlap. To the extent that Dunlap holds there is no statutory right to review of suspensions not in excess of ten days, we agree. 408 N.E.2d at 1311 n. 1. However, we differ in the conclusion that no constitutional right to review suspensions not in excess of ten days exists. Dunlap reasons that because there is no statutory right to appeal there is no property interest. From there Dunlap concludes that there is no constitutional right to judicial review. We are of the opinion that the lack of a property interest does not lead to the conclusion that there is no right to judicial review. For example, in Murphy v. Indiana Parole Board, (1979) Ind., 397 N.E.2d 259, the Indiana Supreme Court, in the face of a statute which stated there is no appeal from any matter concerning parole and determining there was no protected life, liberty or property interest in parole release, nevertheless held “Due Process requires that judicial review be available to insure that the requirements of Due Process have been met and that the Parole Board has acted within the scope of its powers. Cf. Warren v. Indiana Telephone Co., (1939) 217 Ind. 93, 105, 26 N.E.2d 399.” We adhere to the line of reasoning developed by the Indiana Supreme Court beginning with Warren v. Indiana Telephone through Murphy. The review is dependent upon agency action and not the existence of a protected property interest as in the case of the right to notice and opportunity to be heard. Review is to insure that the requirements of due process have been met, the action is within the scope of authority and the action is accord[144]*144ing to law. Judicial review does not enlarge any protected interests or grant due process rights where they do not otherwise exist.

The City’s petition for rehearing is denied.

CHIPMAN and MILLER, JJ., concur.

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ON PETITION FOR REHEARING

YOUNG, Presiding Judge.

The City of Evansville petitions this court to rehear our decision entered August 26, 1980, found at 408 N.E.2d 1308. They represent that we erred in our decision contravening a precedent of the Indiana Supreme Court, Dortch v. Lugar, (1971) 255 Ind. 545, 266 N.E.2d 25, and created a conflict with the opinion of the Indiana Court of Appeals, Third District, State ex rel. Dunlap v. Cross, (1980) Ind.App., 403 N.E.2d 885.

We deny the petition.

The portion of Dortch we are said to contravene is as follows:

We are unaware of any constitutional provision guaranteeing the right to be a police officer or to be a police officer free from disciplinary action. It is our considered opinion that the disciplinary procedures provided for by the Act respecting the discipline of members of the consolidated police force are eminently reasonable and beyond constitutional attack.

266 N.E.2d at 46. We did not contravene Dortch. We did not guarantee the right to be a police officer or the right to be a police officer free from disciplinary action. Nor did we find the procedures to be unreasonable. In light of existing supreme court authority, (even in Dortch, 266 N.E.2d at 47-48) we allowed the disciplined officer judicial review in order to assure that the reasonable procedures were followed, the disciplinary action was within the scope of the disciplinary agency’s powers and it acted according to law. 408 N.E.2d at 1310-11.¹

The City also asserts that we are in conflict with Dunlap. To the extent that Dunlap holds there is no statutory right to review of suspensions not in excess of ten days, we agree. 408 N.E.2d at 1311 n. 1. However, we differ in the conclusion that no constitutional right to review suspensions not in excess of ten days exists. Dunlap reasons that because there is no statutory right to appeal there is no property interest. From there Dunlap concludes that there is no constitutional right to judicial review. We are of the opinion that the lack of a property interest does not lead to the conclusion that there is no right to judicial review. For example, in Murphy v. Indiana Parole Board, (1979) Ind., 397 N.E.2d 259, the Indiana Supreme Court, in the face of a statute which stated there is no appeal from any matter concerning parole and determining there was no protected life, liberty or property interest in parole release, nevertheless held “Due Process requires that judicial review be available to insure that the requirements of Due Process have been met and that the Parole Board has acted within the scope of its powers. Cf. Warren v. Indiana Telephone Co., (1939) 217 Ind. 93, 105, 26 N.E.2d 399.” We adhere to the line of reasoning developed by the Indiana Supreme Court beginning with Warren v. Indiana Telephone through Murphy. The review is dependent upon agency action and not the existence of a protected property interest as in the case of the right to notice and opportunity to be heard. Review is to insure that the requirements of due process have been met, the action is within the scope of authority and the action is accord[144]*144ing to law. Judicial review does not enlarge any protected interests or grant due process rights where they do not otherwise exist.

The City’s petition for rehearing is denied.

CHIPMAN and MILLER, JJ., concur.

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