113 F.3d 1245
10 NDLR P 5, 97 CJ C.A.R. 706
NOTICE: Although citation of unpublished opinions remains unfavored, unpublished opinions may now be cited if the opinion has persuasive value on a material issue, and a copy is attached to the citing document or, if cited in oral argument, copies are furnished to the Court and all parties. See General Order of November 29, 1993, suspending 10th Cir. Rule 36.3 until December 31, 1995, or further order.
George BAKER, Plaintiff--Appellant,
v.
Marvin T. RUNYON, Postmaster General, Defendant--Appellee.
No. 96-6293.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
May 9, 1997.
Before PORFILIO, ANDERSON, and BRORBY, Circuit Judges.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a); 10th Cir. R. 34.1.9. The case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
George Baker appeals the district court's order dismissing, for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, his employment discrimination action under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 against Postmaster General Marvin Runyon. Mr. Baker claims the district court erroneously concluded that he abandoned his administrative remedies because, he argues, the Postmaster General prevented him from exhausting those remedies. We exercise jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and affirm.
BACKGROUND
George Baker began working for the Postal Service in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on November 27, 1993. On March 10, 1994, Mr. Baker submitted an Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Request for Counseling, alleging that his immediate supervisor "imposed disparate treatment on [him] on numerous occasions," and that he was a "temporary handicapped federal employee, ... as well as a 10 point veteran from the military." Appellant's App. at 52. In this request for counseling, Mr. Baker listed Erman Presley as his authorized representative. Id. at 54. The EEO counselor sent Mr. Baker a Notice of Right to File Individual Complaint, informing him that the matter he raised in his request for counseling had not been resolved, and that he had a right to file a formal EEO complaint within fifteen days of receiving the notice. Appellant's App. at 40. Mr. Baker received this notice by certified mail on March 21, 1994, but the notice was not mailed to his representative, Mr. Presley. Mr. Baker did not pursue the administrative remedy process by filing an EEO complaint.
It appears from the record that Mr. Baker last presented himself for work on June 22, 1994. After two "absence inquiries" and a notice proposing his removal were mailed to Mr. Baker, the Postal Service's Acting Customer Service Operations Manager for Oklahoma mailed him a decision letter on April 20, 1995, removing him from the Postal Service effective April 25, 1995. The decision letter informed Mr. Baker of his right to appeal the decision to the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) or to file an EEO complaint. Appellant's App. at 30-32. It is undisputed that Mr. Baker received this letter. He did not appeal the decision to the MSPB or file an EEO complaint.
Mr. Baker filed the present complaint in the district court on March 11, 1996, alleging he was harassed and ultimately terminated due to his disability. The Postmaster General moved, in the alternative, to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction, or for summary judgment. The district court dismissed Mr. Baker's complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, finding that he failed to exhaust his administrative remedies for "acts which were the subject of [his] March 9, 1994 EEO Request for Counseling and for [his] April 1995, termination." Appellant's App. at 58. Mr. Baker claimed that he was not required to file a separate EEO charge for his 1995 termination because the alleged acts surrounding his termination were reasonably related to his 1994 EEO request for counseling. The court rejected this argument, noting that Mr. Baker did not exhaust the 1994 EEO administrative process, so no EEO claim was pending when he was terminated. The court also determined that the Postmaster General did not prevent Mr. Baker from exhausting his administrative remedies or deny him access to the administrative process by failing to notify Mr. Presley concerning the 1995 termination, because the Postmaster had no duty to notify a personal representative from a prior, aborted EEO counseling, and because Mr. Presley had received the termination decision letter as of April 27, 1995.
On appeal, Mr. Baker concedes that he did not exhaust his administrative remedies as required. However, he argues that "any failure to complete the [administrative remedy] process was due to the Defendant's deliberate attempt to deny Baker his statutory rights and deny access to his chosen representative." Appellant's Br. at 6. First, he claims that the district court "overlooked" evidence showing a pattern of discrimination against those who file EEO complaints, and that he "had attempted to meet with the Defendant's representative, but the Defendant refused." Id. Second, he asks this court to impose upon federal agencies a duty to notify an individual's representative of steps taken in the administrative remedy process, and claims that the failure to notify his representative caused delay in violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1613.220 (1995), and was retaliatory in violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1613.261 (1995).
DISCUSSION
We review de novo the district court's dismissal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1). Painter v. Shalala, 97 F.3d 1351, 1355 (10th Cir.1996); Khader v. Aspin, 1 F.3d 968, 971 (10th Cir.1993). Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, and the presumption is that they lack jurisdiction unless and until a plaintiff pleads sufficient facts to establish it. Celli v. Shoell, 40 F.3d 324, 327 (10th Cir.1994).
Here, the principal issue is whether the failure to mail Mr. Baker's personal representative a 1994 Notice of Right to File Individual Complaint, excused Mr. Baker from exhausting administrative remedies for his 1994 request for counseling and his 1995 termination from the Postal Service. An action such as Mr. Baker's, brought under 29 U.S.C. § 791, operates under the procedural constraints of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. See Johnson v. United States Postal Service, 861 F.2d 1475, 1477-78 (10th Cir.1988) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 794a(a)(1)).
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113 F.3d 1245
10 NDLR P 5, 97 CJ C.A.R. 706
NOTICE: Although citation of unpublished opinions remains unfavored, unpublished opinions may now be cited if the opinion has persuasive value on a material issue, and a copy is attached to the citing document or, if cited in oral argument, copies are furnished to the Court and all parties. See General Order of November 29, 1993, suspending 10th Cir. Rule 36.3 until December 31, 1995, or further order.
George BAKER, Plaintiff--Appellant,
v.
Marvin T. RUNYON, Postmaster General, Defendant--Appellee.
No. 96-6293.
United States Court of Appeals, Tenth Circuit.
May 9, 1997.
Before PORFILIO, ANDERSON, and BRORBY, Circuit Judges.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT
After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not materially assist the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R.App. P. 34(a); 10th Cir. R. 34.1.9. The case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
George Baker appeals the district court's order dismissing, for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, his employment discrimination action under the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 against Postmaster General Marvin Runyon. Mr. Baker claims the district court erroneously concluded that he abandoned his administrative remedies because, he argues, the Postmaster General prevented him from exhausting those remedies. We exercise jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and affirm.
BACKGROUND
George Baker began working for the Postal Service in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on November 27, 1993. On March 10, 1994, Mr. Baker submitted an Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Request for Counseling, alleging that his immediate supervisor "imposed disparate treatment on [him] on numerous occasions," and that he was a "temporary handicapped federal employee, ... as well as a 10 point veteran from the military." Appellant's App. at 52. In this request for counseling, Mr. Baker listed Erman Presley as his authorized representative. Id. at 54. The EEO counselor sent Mr. Baker a Notice of Right to File Individual Complaint, informing him that the matter he raised in his request for counseling had not been resolved, and that he had a right to file a formal EEO complaint within fifteen days of receiving the notice. Appellant's App. at 40. Mr. Baker received this notice by certified mail on March 21, 1994, but the notice was not mailed to his representative, Mr. Presley. Mr. Baker did not pursue the administrative remedy process by filing an EEO complaint.
It appears from the record that Mr. Baker last presented himself for work on June 22, 1994. After two "absence inquiries" and a notice proposing his removal were mailed to Mr. Baker, the Postal Service's Acting Customer Service Operations Manager for Oklahoma mailed him a decision letter on April 20, 1995, removing him from the Postal Service effective April 25, 1995. The decision letter informed Mr. Baker of his right to appeal the decision to the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB) or to file an EEO complaint. Appellant's App. at 30-32. It is undisputed that Mr. Baker received this letter. He did not appeal the decision to the MSPB or file an EEO complaint.
Mr. Baker filed the present complaint in the district court on March 11, 1996, alleging he was harassed and ultimately terminated due to his disability. The Postmaster General moved, in the alternative, to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction, or for summary judgment. The district court dismissed Mr. Baker's complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction, finding that he failed to exhaust his administrative remedies for "acts which were the subject of [his] March 9, 1994 EEO Request for Counseling and for [his] April 1995, termination." Appellant's App. at 58. Mr. Baker claimed that he was not required to file a separate EEO charge for his 1995 termination because the alleged acts surrounding his termination were reasonably related to his 1994 EEO request for counseling. The court rejected this argument, noting that Mr. Baker did not exhaust the 1994 EEO administrative process, so no EEO claim was pending when he was terminated. The court also determined that the Postmaster General did not prevent Mr. Baker from exhausting his administrative remedies or deny him access to the administrative process by failing to notify Mr. Presley concerning the 1995 termination, because the Postmaster had no duty to notify a personal representative from a prior, aborted EEO counseling, and because Mr. Presley had received the termination decision letter as of April 27, 1995.
On appeal, Mr. Baker concedes that he did not exhaust his administrative remedies as required. However, he argues that "any failure to complete the [administrative remedy] process was due to the Defendant's deliberate attempt to deny Baker his statutory rights and deny access to his chosen representative." Appellant's Br. at 6. First, he claims that the district court "overlooked" evidence showing a pattern of discrimination against those who file EEO complaints, and that he "had attempted to meet with the Defendant's representative, but the Defendant refused." Id. Second, he asks this court to impose upon federal agencies a duty to notify an individual's representative of steps taken in the administrative remedy process, and claims that the failure to notify his representative caused delay in violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1613.220 (1995), and was retaliatory in violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1613.261 (1995).
DISCUSSION
We review de novo the district court's dismissal for lack of subject matter jurisdiction under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1). Painter v. Shalala, 97 F.3d 1351, 1355 (10th Cir.1996); Khader v. Aspin, 1 F.3d 968, 971 (10th Cir.1993). Federal courts are courts of limited jurisdiction, and the presumption is that they lack jurisdiction unless and until a plaintiff pleads sufficient facts to establish it. Celli v. Shoell, 40 F.3d 324, 327 (10th Cir.1994).
Here, the principal issue is whether the failure to mail Mr. Baker's personal representative a 1994 Notice of Right to File Individual Complaint, excused Mr. Baker from exhausting administrative remedies for his 1994 request for counseling and his 1995 termination from the Postal Service. An action such as Mr. Baker's, brought under 29 U.S.C. § 791, operates under the procedural constraints of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. See Johnson v. United States Postal Service, 861 F.2d 1475, 1477-78 (10th Cir.1988) (citing 29 U.S.C. § 794a(a)(1)). It is well-established law that exhaustion of administrative remedies is a jurisdictional prerequisite to instituting a Title VII action in federal court. See Jones v. Runyon, 91 F.3d 1398, 1399 (10th Cir.1996), cert. denied, 117 S.Ct. 1243 (1997); Khader, 1 F.3d at 970-71.
It is undisputed that Mr. Baker has not exhausted his administrative remedies. We agree with the district court that the Postmaster General did not prevent Mr. Baker from exhausting his administrative remedies, and that his failure to exhaust was not excused.
Mr. Baker's primary argument, which he does not support with any case authority, is that the Postmaster General's failure to notify Mr. Baker's personal representative of his right to file a complaint in 1994 somehow excuses his duty to exhaust administrative remedies. Regardless of Mr. Baker's questionable assertion that his 1994 request for counseling relates to his 1995 termination and obviates the need to pursue separate administrative remedies for the termination, Mr. Baker never exhausted administrative remedies either in 1994 or 1995. While the Postmaster General concedes that he should have mailed the 1994 notice to Mr. Baker's personal representative, he correctly points out that this failure did not excuse Mr. Baker from pursuing his administrative remedies, especially because Mr. Baker had personal notice of his 1994 right to file a complaint and was "responsible for proceeding with the complaint whether or not he ... [had] designated a representative." 29 C.F.R. 1614.605(e) (1995).
The Postmaster General spends considerable time in his brief arguing that Mr. Baker is not entitled to equitable tolling of the Title VII time limitations. Because Mr. Baker does not raise this issue, we need not address it. However, we note that "failing to send a copy of the right to sue letter to [a plaintiff's] attorney," does not justify equitable tolling under Tenth Circuit precedent. Biester v. Midwest Health Services, Inc., 77 F.3d 1264, 1269 n. 2 (10th Cir.1996). As Mr. Baker failed to exhaust his administrative remedies either in the 1994 request for counseling or after his 1995 termination, the district court properly dismissed his complaint for lack of subject matter jurisdiction under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(1). The judgment of the district court is therefore AFFIRMED.