Gary v. Northern Barge Line Co.

440 F. Supp. 260, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16699
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Louisiana
DecidedMarch 28, 1977
DocketNos. 73-384 to 73-386
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 440 F. Supp. 260 (Gary v. Northern Barge Line Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Louisiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gary v. Northern Barge Line Co., 440 F. Supp. 260, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16699 (E.D. La. 1977).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER

EDWARD J. BOYLE, Sr., District Judge:

The plaintiffs, survivors of Cleveland Woods, Harold J. Gary and Bobby O. Williams, proceed in this action under General Maritime Law against Frank A. Vails, a Certified Marine Chemist,1 for his alleged negligence in the issuance of a gas-free certificate which plaintiffs claim contained an inaccurate description of the spaces of the Barge NBL-2 and, further, that Avon-dale’s “competent person” relied on this description in his testing of the barge NBL-2 on which subsequently an explosion occurred killing Woods, Williams and Gary2 on February 11, 1972.

Claims against all other defendants by the plaintiffs were voluntarily dismissed as a result of settlement and the claim of Northern Barge Line Company [NBL] against Avondale Shipyards, Inc. [Avon-dale] was dismissed by a joint motion of dismissal. Plaintiffs’ claims against Vails were tried to the Court and at the close of plaintiffs’ case, defendant moved for a Rule 41(b)3 dismissal which we granted. We now record our findings of fact and conclusions of law.

NBL contracted with Avondale for the latter to make certain modifications to the NBL-2,4 a typical inland tank barge 195.1 [262]*262feet in length, 35.1 feet in breadth and 9.5 feet deep with bow and aft rake compartments and three main cargo compartments with each said compartment holding two cylindrical cargo tanks. The three main compartments were divided by steel bulkheads and within each were saddles which served as “cradles” for the cylindrical cargo tanks.

Two hatches for each of the three cargo compartments provided access into these spaces from the deck. Further access was available from one inner bottom space to another by means of two 18" elliptical holes cut through each of the saddles. This arrangement would allow the free transmission of air and other gases from one inner bottom space to another and, therefore, the presence of an explosive atmosphere in any one of the inner bottom spaces would be detectable from any one of the deck hatches which was on the same side of the barge as the inner bottom space to be tested. See Plaintiffs’ Exh.Nos. 5(A)(1)-5(A)(3) for photographs.

After discharging cargo, the NBL-2 arrived at the Avondale yard on December 12, 1971 and on December 23, 1971 was moved to Avondale’s gas-free facility where, on January 25, 1972 and January 26, 1972, numerous access holes were cut through the deck' to expedite the butterworthing operation. It was also on this occasion that the saddle, holes were cut, however, the aforesaid deck access holes (not the hatches) were closed prior to the explosion of February 11, 1972 (see Plaintiffs’ Exh.Nos. 5 and 6)' while the saddle holes were left open throughout the course of modification operations and were still open at the time of the explosion.

Defendant Vails’ first inspection of the NBL-2 on January 25, 1972 was requested by Avondale to determine if the conditions onboard the barge were such as to allow the “hot work,” i. e., cutting operations, to proceed. As a result of his inspection Vails issued a gas-free certificate stating that the spaces described therein were safe for men and safe for fire. The distribution of copies of both this and the subsequent certificate issued by Vails was that eight of the copies remained with Avondale with three of these copies placed onboard the barge and the balance distributed to Avondale’s gas-free facility personnel. The remaining four copies were retained by Vails. In the certificate Vails described the spaces of the barge as six main cargo tanks, forward rake, three inner bottoms and after rake. See Plaintiffs’ Exh.No. 7.5

After the gas-free operations were completed on January 26, 1972, Vails was again called upon to inspect the NBL-2 prior to its movement from the gas-free facility. This inspection resulted in the issuance of a second gas-free certificate which found conditions aboard the vessel to be safe for men and safe for fire. The January 26, 1972 certificate forms the basis of plaintiffs’ action against Vails in that he allegedly gave an inaccurate description of the spaces or compartments of the barge by referring to them as six main cargo tanks, three main cargo tanks and fore and after rakes instead of six main cargo tanks, three inner bottoms and fore and after rakes. See Plaintiffs’ Exh.No. 7(A). Plaintiffs do not contend that an explosive atmosphere existed aboard the NBL-2 on January 26, 1972 but that the “competent person” designated by Avondale to conduct daily inspections of the barge while work was in progress relied upon the description contained in said certificate and, due to this reliance, failed to detect the explosive atmosphere which caused the February 11, 1972 accident.

Beyond recalling nothing unusual about the inspection of the NBL-2 on January 25, 1972 and January 26,1972, Vails was unable to give any details of those two inspections. Specifically, he could not recall if he entered each inner bottom space of the barge during the course of his inspections. He did [263]*263testify that it would not be necessary to enter every space in order to perform an accurate test and that it is the chemist’s prerogative to determine what procedures are required under existing circumstances to obtain a valid test result.

On January 26,1972, after issuance of the certificate, the NBL-2 was moved to Avon-dale’s Wet Dock # 2 where work commenced on January 28, 1972. Pursuant to provisions of 29 CFR 1915.1 et seq., Avon-dale had appointed a “competent person”6 to conduct daily tests and inspections of vessels and to complete a U.S. Department of Labor Log of Inspections and Tests by Competent Person form, more commonly referred to as a MAR-9 form7 stating the results of said tests and inspections. MAR-9 forms were completed for the NBL-2 for each work day from January 28, 1972 through the morning of the explosion. On all of the MAR-9 forms completed during that time period the spaces inspected were described as “main cargo tanks, fwd. rake, aft rake and inner bottoms.” See Defendant’s Exh.Nos. 2A-2K and Plaintiffs’ Exh.No. 8.

Marshall St. Amant, Avondale’s competent person8 who made the inspections of the NBL-2 from February 7, 1972 through the morning of February 11, 1972, testified that in determining what spaces were to be inspected he would refer to either a prior MAR-9 form or the Gas Chemist’s Certificate. However, he could not recall which one he had used on the day of the explosion. His nornial procedure was to go to the office in the morning to determine which vessels needed to be inspected, pull a previously completed MAR-9 or chemist certificate corresponding to those vessels and then conduct the inspections. The test conducted consisted of dropping a tube connected to an explosimeter into each opening of the barge and taking a reading from the meter. This was the procedure followed on the morning of the accident. All readings obtained from tests conducted aboard the NBL-2, including those on the day of the explosion, were zero. Further testimony by Mr. St. Amant revealed that he probably would have used a prior MAR-9 as all of the previously completed forms were in the file and he would, therefore, utilize the one for the most recently completed test on the NBL-2.

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440 F. Supp. 260, 1977 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 16699, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gary-v-northern-barge-line-co-laed-1977.