Garas v. Cambridge Anesthesia Associates, Inc.

6 Mass. L. Rptr. 509
CourtMassachusetts Superior Court
DecidedDecember 30, 1996
DocketNo. 953557
StatusPublished

This text of 6 Mass. L. Rptr. 509 (Garas v. Cambridge Anesthesia Associates, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Massachusetts Superior Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Garas v. Cambridge Anesthesia Associates, Inc., 6 Mass. L. Rptr. 509 (Mass. Ct. App. 1996).

Opinion

Gershengorn, J.

This is an action for damages based on breach of contract, fraud, and failure to provide medical insurance. The defendant now moves for summary judgment, or in the alternative, partial summary judgment as to damages, pursuant to Mass.R.Civ.P. 56.

BACKGROUND

Plaintiff, Dr. Gamal Garas (“Garas”), is an anesthesiologist. In April 1994, Garas entered into a contract of employment with the defendant, Cambridge Anes[510]*510thesia Associates, Inc. (“CAA”) for a one year duration. Garas was represented by counsel when the contract was executed. The contract provided that CAA could terminate Garas’ employment after giving 3 months written notice approved by CAA’s board of directors.

Before Garas was hired by CAA, but during contract negotiations with CAA, Garas had been working for the Winchester Anesthesia Associates, Inc. (“WAA”). Garas’ employment with WAA was terminated on March 31, 1994.

During the hiring process with CAA, Garas submitted an affidavit stating that his license to practice had been suspended and reinstated in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Garas, however, failed to disclose that his license had been suspended and not reinstated in other states, such as Missouri. CAA alleges that during the negotiations, Garas misrepresented the conditions surrounding his departure from WAA, indicating that he left voluntarily when in fact he had been asked to leave. Garas maintains that he left WAA because of disagreements with WAA internal policies.

Garas was terminated from employment with CAA on May 14, 1995, which corresponds with the expiration date of the contract. He received written notice on February 14, 1995. CAA claims that Garas’ performance was unsatisfactory and points to several incident reports filed by co-workers with complaints about his work.

Garas contends that his termination with CAA was the result of his “whistle blowing.” To support this contention, Garas has submitted evidence of the reports of misconduct he made in a copy of a peer review group report, clearly in violation of G.L.c. Ill sec. 204-05, G.L.c. 214sec IB, and G.L.c. Ill sec 70. For the purposes of this motion, the court disregards that report.

Garas further claims that he was not given proper notice of the termination of his group health insurance plan, in violation of G.L.c. 175, sec 110D. CAA claims that Garas’ insurance was in effect for 31 days after his termination and notice was received, although slightly delayed due to clerical error. For the reasons set forth below, the defendant’s motion is ALLOWED.

DISCUSSION

This court grants summary judgment where there are no genuine issues of material facts and where the summary judgment record entitles the moving party to judgment as a matter of law. Cassesso v. Commissioner of Correction, 390 Mass. 419, 422 (1983); Community Nat’l Bank v. Dawes 369 Mass. 550, 553 (1976); Mass.R.Civ.P. 56(c). The moving party bears the burden of affirmatively demonstrating the absence of a triable issue, and that the summary judgment record entitles the moving party to judgment as a matter of law. Pederson v. Time, Inc.. 404 Mass. 14, 16-17 (1989). A party moving for summary judgment who does not bear the burden of proof at trial must demonstrate the absence of a triable issue either by submitting affirmative evidence negating an essential element of the nonmoving party’s case or by showing that the nonmoving party is unlikely to submit proof regarding that element at trial. Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp.. 410 Mass. 805, 809 (1991); Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp. 410 Mass. 706, 716 (1991). “The nonmoving party cannot defeat the motion for summary judgment by "resting on its pleading and mere assertions of disputed facts ...” LaLonde v. Eisenner. 405 Mass. 207, 209 (1989). The nonmoving party’s failure to prove an essential element of its case ’’renders all other facts immaterial" and mandates summary judgment in favor of the moving party. Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp.. 410 Mass. 706, 711 (1991) (citing Celotex v. Catrett, 477 U.S. 317, 322 (1986)).

A. Count I: Breach Of Contract

The plaintiff alleges that CAA breached its employment contract by firing Garas for speaking out against certain practices. Plaintiff relies on the public policy exception which prohibits the firing of at will employees for reasons which are contrary to public policy.

“As a general rule, where an employment contract, be it express or implied, contains no definite period of employment, it establishes employment at will.” Jackson v. Action for Boston Community Development, Inc. 403 Mass. 8, 9 (1988), and cases cited. In the instant case, the parties entered into an express contract of employment which explicitly contained a definite one year period of employment. Therefore, the parties’ agreement is not one of employment at will.

The public policy exception to the termination of employment contracts applies only to at will employment contracts. Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp., 410 Mass. 805, 810 (1991); DeRose v. Putnam Management Co., Inc., 398 Mass. 205 (1986). Because the parties in the instant case do not have an at will agreement, the public policy exception does not apply. Therefore, plaintiffs breach of contract claim based on the public policy exception must fail.

There is no other evidence creating a genuine issue of material fact that CAA breached the contract in any other way. Notice of Garas’ termination was properly given according to the contract’s terms and was to take effect at the one year expiration date enumerated in the contract. CAA claims that its termination of Garas was the result of his poor performance and various co-workers’ complaints, which is a legitimate reason for failing to renew the terms of employment. The contract makes no reference to a renewal period, mandatory or otherwise. Plaintiff offers no evidence suggesting that CAA has failed to fulfill its obligations under the contract as written. Since there is no genuine issue of material fact regarding breach of contract, the defendant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law on this count.

[511]*511 B. Count II: Fraud

Garas claims that CAA promised to make him a shareholder after one year of employment. However, this promise expressly contradicts the written agreement, known as the “Compensation Letter,” between the parties which conditions this right on a subjective evaluation of Garas’ performance. A claim for fraud cannot be based upon oral statements that contradict an unambiguous provision of a written contract entered into voluntarily between two experienced parties. Turner v. Johnson & Johnson, 809 F.2d 90, 97 (1st Cir. 1986). In the instant case, Garas was represented by counsel and entered the contract with the defendant voluntarily. Therefore, his claim of fraud cannot be based on statements which contradict the negotiated contract.

The plaintiff further alleges that CAA orally promised to renew the contract after the one year had elapsed. This promise is not specified in the contract.

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Related

Pederson v. Time, Inc.
532 N.E.2d 1211 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1989)
LaLonde v. Eissner
539 N.E.2d 538 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1989)
Community National Bank v. Dawes
340 N.E.2d 877 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1976)
DeRose v. Putnam Management Co.
496 N.E.2d 428 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1986)
Kourouvacilis v. General Motors Corp.
575 N.E.2d 734 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1991)
Flesner v. Technical Communications Corp.
575 N.E.2d 1107 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1991)
Zimmerman v. Kent
575 N.E.2d 70 (Massachusetts Appeals Court, 1991)
Cassesso v. Commissioner of Correction
456 N.E.2d 1123 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1983)
Barrett Associates, Inc. v. Aronson
190 N.E.2d 867 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1963)
Jackson v. Action for Boston Community Development, Inc.
525 N.E.2d 411 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1988)
O'Brion, Russell & Co. v. LeMay
346 N.E.2d 861 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1976)
Slaney v. Westwood Auto, Inc.
322 N.E.2d 768 (Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, 1975)

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Bluebook (online)
6 Mass. L. Rptr. 509, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/garas-v-cambridge-anesthesia-associates-inc-masssuperct-1996.