Gaines v. Phills

389 So. 2d 445
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedSeptember 22, 1980
Docket14280
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 389 So. 2d 445 (Gaines v. Phills) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Gaines v. Phills, 389 So. 2d 445 (La. Ct. App. 1980).

Opinion

389 So.2d 445 (1980)

Timothy GAINES, Jr., Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
James PHILLS, Jr., d/b/a Phills Construction Company, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 14280.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

September 22, 1980.
Rehearing Denied October 30, 1980.

*446 Gamm, Greenberg & Kaplan by Irving M. Greenberg, Shreveport, for defendant-appellant.

Eatman & Hunter by Robert E. Eatman, Jr., Shreveport, for plaintiff-appellee.

Before HALL, JASPER E. JONES and FRED W. JONES, Jr., JJ.

En Banc. Rehearing Denied October 30, 1980.

FRED W. JONES, Jr., Judge.

From a judgment in favor of plaintiff ordering rescission of a building contract *447 and awarding damages, penalties and attorney fees, defendant appeals. Plaintiff answered the appeal, seeking an increase in the attorney fee award.

We amend the judgment of the trial court and affirm.

The issues presented on this appeal are whether the trial judge erred in: (1) finding that the building contract included a credit transaction subject to 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.-the Truth in Lending Act; (2) finding that plaintiff was due damages because of defendant's failure to furnish written notice of lien rights under La.R.S. 9:4852; and (3) finding that plaintiff was entitled to damages for mental distress.

Factual Context

Timothy Gaines, Jr., a Shreveport homeowner, and James Phills, Jr., a Shreveport building contractor doing business as Phills Construction Company, executed two rather poorly drawn written instruments (prepared by Phills) in connection with Phills undertaking certain construction work for Gaines. The first instrument, a building contract dated January 30, 1978, provided that Phills would perform specified work, generally involving remodeling and adding to Gaines' existing dwelling, for a total price of $15,000.00 payable in three stipulated installments.

Another written instrument, dated February 1, 1978, signed by Gaines, prepared on one of Phills' "construction proposal" forms, contained the following language:

"This note is for the remaining of the contract price on the house.
"It has been agreed between Timothy Gaines and James Phill, owner of Phill's Construction Company, that James Phills will carry the note for $4,000.00 at a rate of 5% interest. The 5% interest will be enforced for one year; if paid before one year (2/1/79) then there will not be an interest fee; afterward the interest is expected to be paid, at a rate of $50.00 a month until bill is paid.
"Interest on this note is $750.00, payment begins one month after the job is completed.
"This note will not be sold to any other company; it will be maintained by Phill's Construction Co.
"NOTE: This note can be paid in full anytime."

Evidence presented at the trial established that the total contract price was actually $19,000.00. It was contemplated by the parties that upon completion of the job Gaines would have paid Phills the sum of $15,000.00 in cash, with the balance of $4,000.00 financed by Phills in accordance with the terms of the second instrument.

The record indicates that this construction project was plagued with difficulties from the beginning, with relations between the parties becoming increasingly acrimonious as the work progressed. Rain caused water damage at the start of the undertaking. During the course of the construction the city building inspector required certain structural changes in the building. There also appeared to be an accumulation of minor irritations which combined to aggravate an increasingly unpleasant working relationship between Gaines and his wife on one side and Phills and his employees on the other. Most of Gaines' complaints, deemed by the trial judge to be well-founded, centered around unsatisfactory workmanship by Phills' crew. Finally, following disputes over the paving of a concrete patio and the proper method of performing certain corrective work, the job was terminated prior to completion. Whether Phills departed voluntarily or was ordered off the Gaines premises was a point of contention in the trial court. Be that as it may, because of Phills' failure to pay various subcontractors, liens were filed against the Gaines property. Only one of those, in favor of Shreveport Millwork & Supply Company, Inc., was reduced to judgment.

As a consequence of the described unfortunate sequence of events, this suit was filed by Gaines against Phills for rescission of the building contract because of violation of the Truth in Lending Act and for damages, penalties and attorney fees.

*448 Application of Truth in Lending Act

It was stipulated by the parties that defendant's business was such that he was required to comply with 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq. (referred to hereinafter simply as the "Act") and, further that defendant made no disclosures that might have been required by the Act if it was applicable.

Defendant argues that a credit transaction between the parties was never consummated since the instrument couched in the language of a promissory note contained no specific payment provisions. Therefore, it was his position that the Act was inapplicable.

Section 1602 of the Act contains the following pertinent definitions:

"(e) The term `credit' means the right granted by a creditor to a debtor to defer payment of debt or to incur debt and defer its payment.
. . . . .
"(h) The adjective `consumer', used with reference to a credit transaction, characterizes the transaction as one in which the party to whom credit is offered or extended is a natural person, and the money, property, or services which are the subject of the transaction are primarily for personal, family, household (emphasis added), or agricultural purposes."

The trial judge found that the agreement between the parties included a credit transaction which required compliance with the Act because the arrangement allowing plaintiff to pay the $4,000 balance of the construction contract in monthly installments "placed a substantial portion of the construction contract within the spirit and tenor of Truth in Lending Statute." According to the testimony presented at the trial, it was the intent of the parties that the two described written instruments be treated as one home improvement contract with a portion of the total contract price to be financed by the defendant. Since the defendant was clearly granting to plaintiff the right to defer payment of the $4,000 debt, we agree with the trial judge that this was a consumer credit transaction within the meaning of the Act.[1]

Finding that the Act is applicable, we turn to the rights afforded to the debtor under the terms thereof. Section 1635(a) provides:

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389 So. 2d 445, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/gaines-v-phills-lactapp-1980.