Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

CourtCourt of Appeals of Wisconsin
DecidedSeptember 23, 2025
Docket2024AP000577
StatusPublished

This text of Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Wisconsin primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, (Wis. Ct. App. 2025).

Opinion

COURT OF APPEALS DECISION NOTICE DATED AND FILED This opinion is subject to further editing. If published, the official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. September 23, 2025 A party may file with the Supreme Court a Samuel A. Christensen petition to review an adverse decision by the Clerk of Court of Appeals Court of Appeals. See WIS. STAT. § 808.10 and RULE 809.62.

Appeal No. 2024AP577 Cir. Ct. No. 2021CV114

STATE OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF APPEALS DISTRICT I

FRIENDS OF BLUE MOUND STATE PARK,

PETITIONER-APPELLANT,

V.

WISCONSIN DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES,

RESPONDENT-RESPONDENT.

APPEAL from an order of the circuit court for Iowa County: MATTHEW C. ALLEN, Judge. Affirmed and cause remanded for further proceedings.

Before White, C.J., Colón, P.J., and Geenen, J.

¶1 COLÓN, P.J. The Friends of Blue Mound State Park (the Friends) appeal from an order of the circuit court dismissing its petition for judicial review of the decision of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to deny No. 2024AP577

the Friends’ request for a contested case hearing on the master plan adopted for Blue Mound State Park.1 The circuit court found that the Friends had no right to seek a contested case hearing and upheld DNR’s decision. For the reasons set forth below, we agree, and therefore, we affirm and remand this matter for further proceedings consistent with this opinion.

¶2 As explained in more detail below, we conclude that the Friends did not have the right to seek a contested case hearing pursuant to WIS. STAT. § 227.42. DNR’s master planning regulations require public participation in the master planning process, with the form of that public participation being within DNR’s discretion, whether it be open meetings, public hearings, or another form of public participation in the master planning process. The Friends’ reliance on Wisconsin’s Environmental Procedure Act (WEPA), WIS. STAT. § 1.11, does not change this result. Rather, through the master planning process, members of the public are afforded the ability to present their positions and supporting materials to DNR as part of the master planning process. Granting a contested case hearing to allow for the continued presentation of information to DNR is redundant of what is already afforded as part of the master planning process. Thus, we conclude that DNR properly denied the Friends’ request for a contested case hearing.

BACKGROUND

¶3 Blue Mound State Park is a Wisconsin state park comprised of approximately 1,153 acres located in Dane and Iowa Counties and in close proximity to Madison. Among other things, the park offers scenic trails for

1 This court granted leave to appeal the order. See WIS. STAT. RULE 809.50(3) (2023- 24). All references to the Wisconsin Statutes are to the 2023-24 version.

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hiking, off-road bicycling, snowshoeing, snowmobiling, and cross-country skiing. The park also offers camping, and the site contains a swimming pool, a playground, and a splash pad. The Friends is a small, nonprofit organization dedicated to supporting and assisting DNR in providing recreational, interpretive, scientific, historical, educational, and related visitor services to enhance the park.

¶4 On May 26, 2021, DNR adopted a master plan for the park that, among other things, provided for a snowmobile trail through the park. The master plan replaced a master plan from 1985, along with the variances to it from 2000, 2012, and 2014, and followed two plan amendments in 2016 and 2017, and a draft master plan proposed in December 2020. The master plan adopted on May 26, 2021, generally includes a description of potential impacts to the park and the region, an analysis of potential environmental impacts, and an evaluation of alternatives to DNR’s chosen alternative. As particularly relevant here, DNR describes the creation of the snowmobile trail as a response to public feedback and describes the final plan for the snowmobile trail as a reopening of a former service road for “cross-park” access for snowmobilers. In fact, before the snowmobile trail was approved in the master plan, the snowmobile trail was first introduced as a possibility in the plan amendments form 2016 and 2017 and again circulated as part of the draft master plan in December 2020.

¶5 The Friends consistently opposed the snowmobile trail because of its concerns over the environmental impact the trail would have on the park and the impact the trail would have on other “silent sport” recreational activities, such as snowshoeing. The Friends told DNR of its concerns about the environmental impact the snowmobile trail would have by, among other things, sending letters to DNR during the master planning process outlining the reasons that it opposed the snowmobile trail. The record reflects that the Friends also appear to have had a

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private meeting with DNR on at least one occasion to discuss the Friends’ concerns over the environmental impacts the snowmobile trail would have.

¶6 On June 25, 2021, the Friends filed a petition for judicial review of the master plan in Dane County Circuit Court.2 The Friends maintained that DNR failed to conduct an adequate environmental analysis of the impact the snowmobile trail would have on the park and failed to justify that the snowmobile trail was safe or needed. The Friends further maintained that DNR did not comply with WEPA, WIS. STAT. § 1.11, or the master planning laws when it prepared the master plan. According to the Friends, the master plan was “patently unlawful” for several reasons, including that the environmental assessment did not “constitute an assessment of anything,” did not sufficiently identify alternatives, did not fully analyze the environmental harm of the snowmobile trail, and gave “short shrift” to public comments. The Friends further alleged that DNR was required to prepare a full environmental impact statement (EIS).

¶7 Also on June 25, 2021, the Friends filed a petition with DNR for a contested case hearing pursuant to WIS. STAT. § 227.42(1). The Friends contended that a contested case hearing would allow it to present additional “testimony, exhibits, and arguments” on the deficiencies in the master plan, including additional evidence on the environmental and economic impacts of the snowmobile trail. For example, the Friends referenced evidence related to the rusty patch bumblebee and the lack of effort DNR made to investigate whether the

2 The Friends also named the Wisconsin Natural Resources Board (NRB) as a respondent. Prior to the first appeal, the circuit court found that the NRB was not a proper party, and the Friends did not challenge this aspect of the circuit court’s decision. Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. DNR, 2023 WI App 38, ¶3 n.2, 408 Wis. 2d 763, 993 N.W.2d 788.

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bumblebee could be found in the snowmobile trail area. The Friends also referenced the ability to engage in silent sport recreational activities, such as snowshoeing, with the creation of the snowmobile trail.

¶8 On July 15, 2021, DNR denied the Friends’ petition for a contested case hearing. As relevant to this appeal, DNR found that master planning was a discretionary decision of DNR and, therefore, the Friends had no right under WIS. STAT.

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Bluebook (online)
Friends of Blue Mound State Park v. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/friends-of-blue-mound-state-park-v-wisconsin-department-of-natural-wisctapp-2025.