1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 KRISTOPHER G. FRENCH, Case No. 22-cv-1355-MMA (AHG) CDCR #K-96643, 12 ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF’S Plaintiff, 13 MOTION v. 14 [Doc. No. 13] SERGEANT J. MITCHELL, 15 Defendant. 16 17 18 19 Plaintiff Kristopher G. French, a California state prisoner proceeding IFP and pro 20 se brings this civil rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against J. Mitchell, a 21 Sergeant at the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego, California. See 22 Doc. No. 1. On December 19, 2022, Defendant filed an answer to the Complaint, see 23 Doc. No. 9, and the parties are scheduled to appear before United States Magistrate Judge 24 Allison H. Goddard for an Early Neutral Evaluation (“ENE”) and Case Management 25 Conference (“CMC”) on February 1, 2023, see Doc. No. 10. Plaintiff has filed a motion 26 “for all procedure to be conducted, heard, screened, reviewed, by a Federal District Judge 27 not a Magistrate Judge.” Doc. No. 13. For the reasons set forth below, the Court 28 DENIES Plaintiff’s motion. 1 DISCUSSION 2 The Federal Magistrates Act of 1968, Pub. L. No. 90-578, 82 Stat. 1107 (codified 3 as amended at 28 U.S.C. § 631 et seq.), governs the jurisdiction and authority of federal 4 magistrate judges. See United States v. Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d 1114, 1118 (9th Cir. 5 2003) (en banc). “The Act allows the district court to assign magistrate judges certain 6 enumerated duties, as well as any ‘additional duties as are not inconsistent with the 7 Constitution and laws of the United States.’” United States v. Gamba, 541 F.3d 895, 898 8 (9th Cir. 2008) (quoting 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(3)). For example, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 9 § 636(b)(1)(A), “certain matters (for example, non-dispositive pretrial matters) may be 10 referred to a magistrate judge for decision.” Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d at 1118. Section 11 636(b)(1)(B) provides that other matters (such as case-dispositive motions) may be 12 referred to the magistrate judge “only for evidentiary hearing, proposed findings, and 13 recommendations.” Id. “The primary difference between subsections (1)(A) and (1)(B) 14 is that the former allows the magistrate judge to ‘determine’ the matter (subject to the 15 review of the district court for clear or legal error) while the latter allows the magistrate 16 only to submit ‘proposed findings and recommendations’ for the district court’s de novo 17 review.” Reynaga v. Cammisa, 971 F.2d 414, 416 (9th Cir. 1992) (quoting 28 U.S.C. 18 § 636(b)(1)). Moreover, pursuant to section 636(c), the parties may consent to have a 19 magistrate judge “conduct any or all proceedings in a jury or nonjury civil matter and 20 order the entry of judgment in the case.” 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(1). 21 Consistent with this statute, this district has adopted various rules delegating duties 22 in civil cases among the district and magistrate judges. See generally CivLR 72.1–72.2. 23 Relevantly, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(A), magistrate judges in this district “will 24 hear and determine any pretrial motions, including discovery motions,” other than 25 dispositive motions. CivLR 72.1.b. Further in accordance with section 636, the Civil 26 Local Rules authorize magistrate judges to conduct various pretrial conferences in civil 27 cases. See CivLR 72.1.h.2. This includes ENEs, see CivLR 16.1.c, CMCs, see CivLR 28 16.1.d, and Mandatory Settlement Conferences (MSCs), see CivLR 16.3.a. 1 Moreover, as this is a prisoner civil rights case brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 2 § 1983, Civil Local Rule 72.3 applies. The rule confers all authority over nondispositive 3 matters, granted under section 636(b)(1), to magistrate judges unless otherwise ordered. 4 See CivLR 72.3.a. The rule also includes a counterpart to section 636(c), providing that 5 parties may consent to have a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings, including trial 6 and entry of a final judgment. CivLR 72.3.d. The rule further explains that if the parties 7 do not consent to having a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings, including 8 dispositive orders, as set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 636(c), the magistrate judge will 9 nonetheless “conduct all necessary hearings and submit proposed findings of fact and 10 recommendations for the disposition of all [dispositive] motions . . . unless the district 11 judge orders otherwise.” CivLR 72.3.e. 12 Plaintiff did not consent to have a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings 13 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c) and Civil Local Rule 72.3.d. See Doc. No. 1 at 8. 14 Plaintiff contends that by checking the appropriate box, “Plaintiff did not consent to have 15 a magistrate judge review any preliminary action.” Doc. No. 13 at 1. Not so. Consistent 16 with all of the aforementioned, the 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Civil Rights Complaint Form 17 provides plaintiffs with the option to either consent to have a magistrate judge preside 18 over the case under section 636(c) or “request[] that a district judge be designated to 19 decide dispositive matters and trial in this case.” Doc. No. 1 at 8 (emphasis added). 20 Neither option, nor anything in 28 U.S.C. § 631 et seq. or the Civil Local Rules, prevents 21 a magistrate judge from conducting and deciding pretrial nondispositive matters. 22 Plaintiff nonetheless “demand[s]” that Judge Goddard “be removed off the early 23 hearings, screenings, settlements, discovery, etc. for the purpose of a mistrial.” Doc. 24 No. 13 at 2.1 The Court categorically rejects Plaintiff’s suggestion that Judge Goddard, 25 or any other duly appointed magistrate judge in this district for that matter, is either 26
27 1 The undersigned has already screened Plaintiff’s Complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2) and 28 1 |}unqualified or unwilling to adjudicate civil cases, such as the one at hand. See id. While 2 || Plaintiff may exercise her “right to insist on trial before an Article III district judge,” 3 || Roell v. Withrow, 538 U.S. 580, 588 (2003), contrary to Plaintiff's apparent position, 4 || there is no requirement that she consent to the jurisdiction of a magistrate judge before 5 || Judge Goddard can decide a pretrial matter that is nondispositive. Compare 28 U.S.C.
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 9 SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 10 11 KRISTOPHER G. FRENCH, Case No. 22-cv-1355-MMA (AHG) CDCR #K-96643, 12 ORDER DENYING PLAINTIFF’S Plaintiff, 13 MOTION v. 14 [Doc. No. 13] SERGEANT J. MITCHELL, 15 Defendant. 16 17 18 19 Plaintiff Kristopher G. French, a California state prisoner proceeding IFP and pro 20 se brings this civil rights action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983 against J. Mitchell, a 21 Sergeant at the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego, California. See 22 Doc. No. 1. On December 19, 2022, Defendant filed an answer to the Complaint, see 23 Doc. No. 9, and the parties are scheduled to appear before United States Magistrate Judge 24 Allison H. Goddard for an Early Neutral Evaluation (“ENE”) and Case Management 25 Conference (“CMC”) on February 1, 2023, see Doc. No. 10. Plaintiff has filed a motion 26 “for all procedure to be conducted, heard, screened, reviewed, by a Federal District Judge 27 not a Magistrate Judge.” Doc. No. 13. For the reasons set forth below, the Court 28 DENIES Plaintiff’s motion. 1 DISCUSSION 2 The Federal Magistrates Act of 1968, Pub. L. No. 90-578, 82 Stat. 1107 (codified 3 as amended at 28 U.S.C. § 631 et seq.), governs the jurisdiction and authority of federal 4 magistrate judges. See United States v. Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d 1114, 1118 (9th Cir. 5 2003) (en banc). “The Act allows the district court to assign magistrate judges certain 6 enumerated duties, as well as any ‘additional duties as are not inconsistent with the 7 Constitution and laws of the United States.’” United States v. Gamba, 541 F.3d 895, 898 8 (9th Cir. 2008) (quoting 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(3)). For example, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 9 § 636(b)(1)(A), “certain matters (for example, non-dispositive pretrial matters) may be 10 referred to a magistrate judge for decision.” Reyna-Tapia, 328 F.3d at 1118. Section 11 636(b)(1)(B) provides that other matters (such as case-dispositive motions) may be 12 referred to the magistrate judge “only for evidentiary hearing, proposed findings, and 13 recommendations.” Id. “The primary difference between subsections (1)(A) and (1)(B) 14 is that the former allows the magistrate judge to ‘determine’ the matter (subject to the 15 review of the district court for clear or legal error) while the latter allows the magistrate 16 only to submit ‘proposed findings and recommendations’ for the district court’s de novo 17 review.” Reynaga v. Cammisa, 971 F.2d 414, 416 (9th Cir. 1992) (quoting 28 U.S.C. 18 § 636(b)(1)). Moreover, pursuant to section 636(c), the parties may consent to have a 19 magistrate judge “conduct any or all proceedings in a jury or nonjury civil matter and 20 order the entry of judgment in the case.” 28 U.S.C. § 636(c)(1). 21 Consistent with this statute, this district has adopted various rules delegating duties 22 in civil cases among the district and magistrate judges. See generally CivLR 72.1–72.2. 23 Relevantly, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(A), magistrate judges in this district “will 24 hear and determine any pretrial motions, including discovery motions,” other than 25 dispositive motions. CivLR 72.1.b. Further in accordance with section 636, the Civil 26 Local Rules authorize magistrate judges to conduct various pretrial conferences in civil 27 cases. See CivLR 72.1.h.2. This includes ENEs, see CivLR 16.1.c, CMCs, see CivLR 28 16.1.d, and Mandatory Settlement Conferences (MSCs), see CivLR 16.3.a. 1 Moreover, as this is a prisoner civil rights case brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 2 § 1983, Civil Local Rule 72.3 applies. The rule confers all authority over nondispositive 3 matters, granted under section 636(b)(1), to magistrate judges unless otherwise ordered. 4 See CivLR 72.3.a. The rule also includes a counterpart to section 636(c), providing that 5 parties may consent to have a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings, including trial 6 and entry of a final judgment. CivLR 72.3.d. The rule further explains that if the parties 7 do not consent to having a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings, including 8 dispositive orders, as set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 636(c), the magistrate judge will 9 nonetheless “conduct all necessary hearings and submit proposed findings of fact and 10 recommendations for the disposition of all [dispositive] motions . . . unless the district 11 judge orders otherwise.” CivLR 72.3.e. 12 Plaintiff did not consent to have a magistrate judge conduct all proceedings 13 pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(c) and Civil Local Rule 72.3.d. See Doc. No. 1 at 8. 14 Plaintiff contends that by checking the appropriate box, “Plaintiff did not consent to have 15 a magistrate judge review any preliminary action.” Doc. No. 13 at 1. Not so. Consistent 16 with all of the aforementioned, the 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Civil Rights Complaint Form 17 provides plaintiffs with the option to either consent to have a magistrate judge preside 18 over the case under section 636(c) or “request[] that a district judge be designated to 19 decide dispositive matters and trial in this case.” Doc. No. 1 at 8 (emphasis added). 20 Neither option, nor anything in 28 U.S.C. § 631 et seq. or the Civil Local Rules, prevents 21 a magistrate judge from conducting and deciding pretrial nondispositive matters. 22 Plaintiff nonetheless “demand[s]” that Judge Goddard “be removed off the early 23 hearings, screenings, settlements, discovery, etc. for the purpose of a mistrial.” Doc. 24 No. 13 at 2.1 The Court categorically rejects Plaintiff’s suggestion that Judge Goddard, 25 or any other duly appointed magistrate judge in this district for that matter, is either 26
27 1 The undersigned has already screened Plaintiff’s Complaint pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915(e)(2) and 28 1 |}unqualified or unwilling to adjudicate civil cases, such as the one at hand. See id. While 2 || Plaintiff may exercise her “right to insist on trial before an Article III district judge,” 3 || Roell v. Withrow, 538 U.S. 580, 588 (2003), contrary to Plaintiff's apparent position, 4 || there is no requirement that she consent to the jurisdiction of a magistrate judge before 5 || Judge Goddard can decide a pretrial matter that is nondispositive. Compare 28 U.S.C. 6 636(b)(1 (A), with id. § 636(c). 7 The Court has duly designated Judge Goddard to hear and determine all 8 ||nondispositive pretrial matters in this case. Therefore, consistent with 28 U.S.C. § 636 9 || and the Civil Local Rules, Judge Goddard will preside over and resolve any and all 10 || pretrial, nondispositive matters, including the upcoming ENE and CMC and any 11 || discovery issues that may arise. See, e.g., CivLR 72.1.h.2; see also CivLR 72.2.c (“The 12 || magistrate judge must hear and determine Civil local Rule 72.1.b motions”—i.e., all 13 || pretrial motions, including discovery motions, other than dispositive motions). With 14 || respect to dispositive matters, the undersigned has already “order[ed] otherwise.” See 15 || Civil Chambers Rule V (“Judge Anello conducts all necessary proceedings for the 16 || disposition of any motion excepted from the magistrate judge’s jurisdiction by 28 U.S.C. 17 || § 636(b)(1)(A).”). In other words, the undersigned will handle all dispositive motions 18 || and matters, including motions for summary judgment and trial, without referring the 19 || matter for report and recommendation pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B) and Civil 20 || Local Rule 72.3.e. 21 For the reasons discussed above, the Court DENIES Plaintiff's motion. The ENE 22 |}and CMC before Judge Goddard, currently scheduled for February 1, 2023, REMAIN as 23 || previously set. 24 IT IS SO ORDERED. 25 || Dated: January 25, 2023 26 Maikek M hiblr 27 HON. MICHAEL M. ANELLO 28 United States District Judge