Franklin v. de Passe

Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided September 28, 2001·No. 00-1260·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21  5XIILQ6WHLQEDFNHWDOYGH3DVVHHWDO 1R 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU

VWDWHWKDWWKHPLQLVHULHVLVVLPLODULQQDWXUHDQGWKHUHIRUHQRW )LOH 1DPH DS

RXWUDJHRXV 'HIHQGDQWVDOVRDUJXHWKDW(DUOLQH5XIILQIDLOHGWRDOOHJHLQ 81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 KHUFRPSODLQWWKDWVKHVXIIHUHGHPRWLRQDOGLVWUHVVEHFDXVHRI KHU SRUWUD\DO DV D SURVWLWXWH DQG WKHUHIRUH KHU FODLP ZDV )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 SURSHUO\ GLVPLVVHG  (YHQ VR WKH GLVWULFW FRXUW FRQVLGHUHG BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB (DUOLQH5XIILQjVFODLPXQGHUWKLVWKHRU\DQGGHWHUPLQHGWKDW GHIHQGDQWVjFRQGXFWZDVQHLWKHUH[WUHPHQRURXWUDJHRXV &+(5

  5XIILQ6WHLQEDFNHWDOYGH3DVVHHWDO 1R 1R 5XIILQ6WHLQEDFNHWDOYGH3DVVHHWDO 

$SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW 7KHGLVWULFWFRXUWUHFRJQL]HGWKDWSODLQWLIIVjFODLPVXQGHU IRUWKH(DVWHUQ'LVWULFWRI0LFKLJDQDW'HWURLW WKLVWKHRU\RIUHFRYHU\YDULHGVOLJKWO\IURPRQHDQRWKHUEXW 1RVnsRKQ WKDWGHIHQGDQWVjDFWLRQVLQWKLVFDVHmZHUHQRWWRUWLRXVLQDQ\ )HLNHQV'LVWULFWsXGJH VHQVH DQG FHUWDLQO\ FDQQRW EH UHDVRQDEO\ FRQVLGHUHG RXWUDJHRXVls$GLVWULFWFRXUWjVRSLQLRQDQGRUGHURI $UJXHG$XJXVW )HEUXDU\S$VVXPLQJWKDWWKHUHDUHLQDFFXUDFLHV LQWKHPLQLVHULHVDVDOOHJHGE\WKHSODLQWLIIVWKHGLVWULFWFRXUW 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG6HSWHPEHU GHWHUPLQHGWKDWWKHVHLQDFFXUDFLHVmFDQQRWEHFRQVLGHUHGVR H[WUHPH LQ GHJUHH DV WR JR EH\RQG DOO SRVVLEOH ERXQGV RI %HIRUH68+5+(,15,&+DQG6,/(5&LUFXLWsXGJHV GHFHQF\l,G +22''LVWULFWsXGJH 7KH5XIILQSODLQWLIIVGLVDJUHHVWDWLQJWKDWWKHPDQQHULQ BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB ZKLFK'DYLG5XIILQjVGHDWKZDVGHSLFWHGZDVVRWUDXPDWLFIRU WKHPWRZDWFKWKDWWKH\ODWHUUHTXLUHGPHGLFDOWUHDWPHQWDQG &2816(/ WKHLQWHQWLRQDOPLVUHSUHVHQWDWLRQRIKLVGHDWKZDVRXWUDJHRXV DQGH[WUHPH)XUWKHUPRUHSODLQWLIIVDOOHJHWKDWWKHSRUWUD\DO $5*8('  *UHJRU\ s 5HHG *5(*25< s 5((' RI(DUOLQH5XIILQDVDSURVWLWXWHDQGDQXQFKDVWHZRPDQLV $662&,$7(6'HWURLW0LFKLJDQIRU$SSHOODQWV+HUVFKHO KLJKO\RIIHQVLYHWRDUHDVRQDEOHSHUVRQ+HQFHWKH\DUJXH 3)LQN+21,*0$10,//(56&+:$57= &2+1 WKDWWKHGLVPLVVDORIWKHLUFODLPVIRULQWHQWLRQDOLQIOLFWLRQRI 'HWURLW0LFKLJDQIRU$SSHOOHHV21%5,()*UHJRU\s HPRWLRQDOGLVWUHVVZDVHUURQHRXV 5HHG *5(*25< s 5(('  $662&,$7(6 'HWURLW 0LFKLJDQ IRU $SSHOODQWV  +HUVFKHO 3 )LQN &\QWKLD * 'HIHQGDQWV DUJXH WKDW WKH PLQLVHULHV LV VLPLODU WR 7KRPDV+21,*0$10,//(56&+:$57= &2+1 VWDWHPHQWV FRQWDLQHG LQ EURDGFDVWV DQG SXEOLFDWLRQV ZKLFK 'HWURLW 0LFKLJDQ *UHJRU\ 0 .RSDF] '<.(0$ JHQHUDOO\GRQRWFRQVWLWXWHH[WUHPHRURXWUDJHRXVFRQGXFW *266(77 3//& %ORRPILHOG +LOOV 0LFKLJDQ IRU 6HH 5RVV Y %XUQV  )G   WK &LU $SSHOOHHV  ILQGLQJ QHZVSDSHUjV SXEOLFDWLRQ RI SKRWRJUDSK RI XQGHUFRYHU QDUFRWLFV RIILFHU ZDV QRW H[WUHPH DQG BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB RXWUDJHRXV )U\Y,RQLD6HQWLQHO6WDQGDUG1:G 0LFK&W$SS ILQGLQJWKDWDQDUWLFOHUHSRUWLQJWKDW 23,1,21 WKHERG\RISODLQWLIIjVKXVEDQGZDVUHPRYHGIURPDFRWWDJH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB GHVWUR\HGE\ILUHDORQJZLWKWKHERG\RIDQRWKHUZRPDQKH KDGEHHQVHHQZLWKDWDORFDOEDUZDVQRWH[WUHPH 7KH\ s26(3+0+22''LVWULFWsXGJH3ODLQWLIIVDSSHDOWKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV GLVPLVVDO RI WKHLU FODLPV LQ WKLV WRUW DFWLRQ EDVHGRQWKHDLULQJRIDPLQLVHULHVDERXWWKH7HPSWDWLRQV )RUWKHUHDVRQVZKLFKIROORZZH$)),50

 1HLWKHU sRVHSKLQH 0LOHV QRU 5RVH )UDQNOLQ DSSHDOHG WKH JUDQW RI

7KH +RQRUDEOH sRVHSK 0 +RRG 8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW sXGJH IRU WKH VXPPDU\ MXGJPHQW RQ WKHLU FODLPV RI LQWHQWLRQDO LQIOLFWLRQ RI HPRWLRQDO (DVWHUQ 'LVWULFW RI .HQWXFN\ VLWWLQJ E\ GHVLJQDWLRQ GLVWUHVV  5XIILQ6WHLQEDFNHWDOYGH3DVVHHWDO 1R 1R 5XIILQ6WHLQEDFNHWDOYGH3DVVHHWDO 

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Franklin v. de Passe, (6th Cir. 2001).

Franklin v. de Passe (Franklin v. de Passe) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.