Forbes v. Shelter Mutual Insurance Co.

1995 OK CIV APP 113, 904 P.2d 159, 1995 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 108, 1995 WL 608586
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma
DecidedSeptember 12, 1995
DocketNo. 84461
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 1995 OK CIV APP 113 (Forbes v. Shelter Mutual Insurance Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Oklahoma primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Forbes v. Shelter Mutual Insurance Co., 1995 OK CIV APP 113, 904 P.2d 159, 1995 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 108, 1995 WL 608586 (Okla. Ct. App. 1995).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION

ADAMS, Judge:

This is an appeal from a trial court summary adjudication order determining that the surviving spouse was entitled to all of the proceeds attributable to the wrongful death of one of the named insureds from two uninsured motorist insurance policies. The deceased insured’s daughter appeals that order. Because the record presented to the trial court does not require, as a matter of law, the exclusion of the daughter from receiving any of those proceeds, we reverse and remand for additional proceedings.

FACTS

Gilbert Raymond Forbes was killed instantaneously in an automobile accident in the State of Missouri when an uninsured driver negligently drove his vehicle in the wrong direction on a divided highway and hit the Forbes’ vehicle. Mr. Forbes was survived by his wife, Barbara Carolyn Forbes (Wife), and Gynette Cathey (Daughter), his adult daughter from a previous marriage.

Wife filed a claim with the Forbes’ automobile insurance carrier, Shelter Mutual Insurance Co. (Shelter), under two separate policies containing uninsured motorist (UM) coverage which totalled $100,000. Apparently, Daughter also claimed the right to receive payment under those policies, and Shelter paid neither.

Wife sued Shelter, alleging breach of contract and bad faith. Shelter joined Daughter as a third-party defendant and interpled the $100,000, admitting the entire amount was payable under the policies. Wife and Daughter agreed to dismiss Shelter and allow the court to determine who was entitled to the interpled funds.

Both Wife and Daughter filed motions for summary judgment. Wife contended she was entitled to all of the funds because she was a named insured and owner of the policy and the right to recover under UM coverage is a contractual right. According to Wife, the policies dictated payment of all amounts due to her, as the “surviving spouse,”1

Daughter argued the contract did not necessarily control who was entitled to the policy proceeds. She argued that the funds should be allocated among all those entitled to recover damages for Mr. Forbes’ wrongful death. Further, she argued that Missouri law should control the distribution of those proceeds. Because, according to Daughter, Missouri law mandated an equal distribution of those proceeds between a surviving spouse and children, Daughter requested the trial court to divide the interpled funds equally between both parties.

The trial court agreed with Wife. Accordingly, the trial court entered judgment for Wife, ordering that all of the interpled funds be paid to Wife.

ANALYSIS

When a summary judgment is challenged, the appellate court must examine the pleadings, depositions, affidavits and other evidentiary materials submitted by the parties and consider all facts and inferences contained therein in the light most favorable to the party opposing summary judgment. Redwine v. Baptist Medical Center of Oklahoma, Inc., 679 P.2d 1293 (Okla.1983). However, this record does not present a question of disputed fact for our consideration. Instead, the controversy between these parties [162]*162turns on the question of whether, as a matter of law, Daughter may be legally entitled to any of the UM insurance proceeds.

Wife argues she is entitled to recover the UM proceeds as the insured, owner, and “surviving-spouse” under the UM policies, citing Bill Hodges Truck Co. Inc. v. Humphrey, 704 P.2d 94 (Okla.App.1984) and Uptegraft v. Home Insurance Company, 662 P.2d 681 (Okla.1983), as authority. We agree that both Hodges and Uptegraft support the proposition that “[t]he right of an insured to recover under the uninsured motorist policy is a contractual right resting in the insured.” However, the specific issue considered in Hodges and Uptegraft is not before us in this appeal. Shelter admitted Forbes was an “insured” under its policy, and, unlike the insurers in Hodges and Uptegraft, has never denied its liability to pay the UM policy limits.

Wife further argues that “as a condition of Shelter’s promise, the beneficiary of the insurance contracts, ... is ‘legally entitled’ to receive said proceeds.” As she acknowledged, her argument is a paraphrase of the following passage from Hodges — “The actions of the tortfeasor are relevant only to establish that the insured is ‘legally entitled to recover’ from an uninsured motorist, a condition of the insurer’s promise. 36 O.S. 1981 § 3636(B).” The phrase “legally entitled to recover” has been interpreted many times by the Court to simply mean that the insured must be able to establish fault on the part of the uninsured motorist which gives rise to damages and prove the extent of those damages. Uptegraft, 662 P.2d at 685. As stated above, neither fault nor the amount of damages is at issue heré.

Under the circumstances of this case, damages recovered under the uninsured motorist policies represent payments for the wrongful death of the insured. Under Oklahoma’s UM statute, 36 O.S.1991 § 3636(B), uninsured motorist coverage is “[f]or the protection of persons insured thereunder who are legally entitled to recover damages from owners or operators of uninsured motor vehicles ... because of bodily injury, sickness, or disease, including death, resulting therefrom.” (Emphasis added).

The damages which § 3636(B) seeks to make certain are paid are those for which a negligent uninsured motorist is legally responsible, which in this case, would be damages for an insured’s wrongful death. Because Gleason v. City of Oklahoma City, 666 P.2d 786 (Okla.App.1983) and Gaither By andt Through Chalfin v. City of Tulsa, 664 P.2d 1026 (Okla.1983), hold that the only action available to survivors to obtain those damages is by virtue of a wrongful death action, Daughter argues the insurance proceeds paid pursuant to an insured’s death caused by an uninsured motorist should be distributed to those individuals statutorily entitled to recover in a wrongful death action.

We must consider the legislative purpose behind Oklahoma’s UM statute to resolve this issue. Because our UM statute is remedial and mandates the inclusion of UM coverage in motor vehicle insurance policies, it is to be liberally construed to accomplish the legislative purpose, that of providing coverage for injuries which would otherwise go uncompensated. Simmons v. Hartford Accident & Indemnity Company, 543 P.2d 1384, 1388 (Okla.1975).

This precise issue has never been addressed by Oklahoma appellate courts. However, in a different context, the Oklahoma Supreme Court recognized that, at least with regard to the damages recoverable, an action on a UM claim ought to be treated as an action for personal injuries. Considering an insurer’s argument that prejudgment interest did not apply to damages under UM coverage, the Court stated in Torres v. Kansas City Fire & Marine Insurance Co., 849 P.2d 407 (Okla.1993):

[although it is true the reason appellant is liable to pay monetary relief here at all is based on its contractually based duty to pay under the UM endorsement of the policy, the

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Bluebook (online)
1995 OK CIV APP 113, 904 P.2d 159, 1995 Okla. Civ. App. LEXIS 108, 1995 WL 608586, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/forbes-v-shelter-mutual-insurance-co-oklacivapp-1995.