Peters, C. J.
In this tax appeal, the dispositive issue is whether, pursuant to General Statutes (Rev. to 1993) § 12-218 (b),1 a multistate corporation’s pay[327]*327ments for warehouse space should be taken into account in determining the fraction of corporate net income apportioned to Connecticut. The plaintiff, Foodways National, Inc. (Foodways), appealed to the Superior Court, pursuant to General Statutes (Rev. to 1989) § 12-237, 2 from a decision of the defendant, Allan A. Crystal, the commissioner of revenue services (commissioner), in which the commissioner had assessed an additional corporate business tax against Foodways for [328]*328the tax years 1985 and 1986. The trial court rendered judgment for the commissioner. Foodways then filed an appeal with the Appellate Court, which we transferred to this court pursuant to Practice Book § 4023 and General Statutes § 51-199 (c). We reverse the judgment of the trial court.
The parties stipulated to the relevant facts. Foodways is a multistate corporation that is incorporated in Delaware and has its principal place of business in Idaho. It is engaged in the business of processing and distributing prepared frozen food products throughout the country. It entered into contracts for warehouse space with public refrigerated warehouses around the country in order to preserve its products while making them available for distribution.3
The warehouse storage contracts did not afford Food-ways control over any specific part of the warehouse premises but instead entitled it to a stated number of cubic feet of storage space. In return for Foodways’ promise to maintain a certain average monthly level of inventory of its products in storage at the warehouse, the warehouse agreed to reserve the necessary floor space. Foodways paid a stated “rate” per gross hundredweight of the products that it had stored in the warehouse. In addition, Foodways paid the warehouse separate fees for handling, including a commitment by the warehouse to load rail cars and trucks in accordance with schedules provided by Foodways.
During the tax years 1985 and 1986, Foodways conducted sufficient business in Connecticut to be subject to the Connecticut corporation business tax. In filing [329]*329its tax returns, Foodways calculated the amount of its income to be allocated to Connecticut pursuant to § 12-218 (b) by including, as “gross rents,” the amounts it had paid for warehouse fees but not the amounts it had paid for handling costs. The commissioner issued a corporate business tax assessment against Foodways, which, after Foodways’ unsuccessful protest of the assessment, was found to be $124,199.26 plus interest of $106,793.08 for a total amount of $230,992.34. With regard to all Connecticut taxpayers, the commissioner has consistently taken the position that “[wjarehouse storage fees are not considered a rent expense under the definition of [§ 12-218].”
The trial court upheld the validity of the commissioner’s assessment. Despite the definition of “gross rents” in § 12-218 (b) as “money . . . payable . . . by the taxpayer . . . for the use or possession of the property,” the court ruled that fees paid for warehouse space do not qualify for inclusion within the property factor unless the taxpayer has rented property that is tangible. Characterizing the transactions between Foodways and the warehouses as bailments rather than as leases, the court concluded that the warehouse contracts did not involve the rental of tangible property. On that basis, the court held that Foodways’ warehouse fees could not be included within the property factor of the apportionment statute. The court also rejected Foodways’ alternate claim that the commissioner could not rely on his interpretation of the statute on a case-by-case basis but was required, instead, to implement his interpretation through the promulgation of a regulation.
Foodways has raised three issues on this appeal. It argues that the trial court: (1) used an incorrect standard of construction in its analysis of § 12-218; (2) misapplied § 12-218 in the circumstances of this case; and (3) improperly permitted the commissioner to rely on [330]*330an interpretation of § 12-218 for which the commissioner had not promulgated a regulation. Because we agree with Foodways’ first two claims, the judgment of the trial court must be reversed. We therefore need not consider Foodways’ third claim.
I
The basic contours of the state’s exercise 'of its taxing power with respect to multistate corporations are not at issue. The underlying tax is the Connecticut corporation business tax; General Statutes c. 208; which is “in the nature of an excise tax levied against domestic and foreign corporations alike, for the privilege of doing business in a corporate capacity within this State.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Connecticut Bank & Trust Co. v. Tax Commissioner, 178 Conn. 243, 247, 423 A.2d 883 (1979). “Section 12-214 (a), which imposes the corporation business tax, provides that the tax is ‘to be measured by the entire net income . . . from business transacted within the state during the income year,’4 while § 12-218 provides a measure to determine the taxable net income of multistate corporations to be apportioned to this state. Altray Co. v. Groppo, [224 Conn. 426, 432-33, 619 A.2d 443 (1993)]; Texaco Refining & Marketing Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue Services, [202 Conn. 583, 589-91, 522 A.2d 771 (1987)]; Schlumberger Technology Corporation v. Dubno, [202 Conn. 412, 415-16, 521 A.2d 569 (1987)].” Kelly-Springfield Tire Co. v. Bajorski, 228 Conn. 137, 142, 635 A.2d 771 (1993). Within the constraints that the [331]*331commerce clause and the due process clause of the United States constitution impose on state tax powers, § 12-218 serves to quantify the presence of a multistate corporation in this state and elsewhere. See id., 143; Altray Co. v. Groppo, supra, 434.
In construing § 12-218, we have consistently held that apportionment of a multistate corporation’s taxable income between other states and Connecticut involves the imposition of a tax rather than the availability of an exemption. Accordingly, any ambiguity in the application of § 12-218 must be resolved in favor of the taxpayer and against the commissioner. Kelly-Springfield Tire Co. v. Bajorski, supra, 228 Conn. 143; Altray Co. v. Groppo, supra, 224 Conn. 435.
The trial court questioned the validity of this principle of construction in light of the possibility that different multistate corporate taxpayers might find it in their interest to advocate different constructions of § 12-218 depending on the nature of their business in Connecticut and elsewhere. On the present record, however, such a consideration is purely speculative.
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Peters, C. J.
In this tax appeal, the dispositive issue is whether, pursuant to General Statutes (Rev. to 1993) § 12-218 (b),1 a multistate corporation’s pay[327]*327ments for warehouse space should be taken into account in determining the fraction of corporate net income apportioned to Connecticut. The plaintiff, Foodways National, Inc. (Foodways), appealed to the Superior Court, pursuant to General Statutes (Rev. to 1989) § 12-237, 2 from a decision of the defendant, Allan A. Crystal, the commissioner of revenue services (commissioner), in which the commissioner had assessed an additional corporate business tax against Foodways for [328]*328the tax years 1985 and 1986. The trial court rendered judgment for the commissioner. Foodways then filed an appeal with the Appellate Court, which we transferred to this court pursuant to Practice Book § 4023 and General Statutes § 51-199 (c). We reverse the judgment of the trial court.
The parties stipulated to the relevant facts. Foodways is a multistate corporation that is incorporated in Delaware and has its principal place of business in Idaho. It is engaged in the business of processing and distributing prepared frozen food products throughout the country. It entered into contracts for warehouse space with public refrigerated warehouses around the country in order to preserve its products while making them available for distribution.3
The warehouse storage contracts did not afford Food-ways control over any specific part of the warehouse premises but instead entitled it to a stated number of cubic feet of storage space. In return for Foodways’ promise to maintain a certain average monthly level of inventory of its products in storage at the warehouse, the warehouse agreed to reserve the necessary floor space. Foodways paid a stated “rate” per gross hundredweight of the products that it had stored in the warehouse. In addition, Foodways paid the warehouse separate fees for handling, including a commitment by the warehouse to load rail cars and trucks in accordance with schedules provided by Foodways.
During the tax years 1985 and 1986, Foodways conducted sufficient business in Connecticut to be subject to the Connecticut corporation business tax. In filing [329]*329its tax returns, Foodways calculated the amount of its income to be allocated to Connecticut pursuant to § 12-218 (b) by including, as “gross rents,” the amounts it had paid for warehouse fees but not the amounts it had paid for handling costs. The commissioner issued a corporate business tax assessment against Foodways, which, after Foodways’ unsuccessful protest of the assessment, was found to be $124,199.26 plus interest of $106,793.08 for a total amount of $230,992.34. With regard to all Connecticut taxpayers, the commissioner has consistently taken the position that “[wjarehouse storage fees are not considered a rent expense under the definition of [§ 12-218].”
The trial court upheld the validity of the commissioner’s assessment. Despite the definition of “gross rents” in § 12-218 (b) as “money . . . payable . . . by the taxpayer . . . for the use or possession of the property,” the court ruled that fees paid for warehouse space do not qualify for inclusion within the property factor unless the taxpayer has rented property that is tangible. Characterizing the transactions between Foodways and the warehouses as bailments rather than as leases, the court concluded that the warehouse contracts did not involve the rental of tangible property. On that basis, the court held that Foodways’ warehouse fees could not be included within the property factor of the apportionment statute. The court also rejected Foodways’ alternate claim that the commissioner could not rely on his interpretation of the statute on a case-by-case basis but was required, instead, to implement his interpretation through the promulgation of a regulation.
Foodways has raised three issues on this appeal. It argues that the trial court: (1) used an incorrect standard of construction in its analysis of § 12-218; (2) misapplied § 12-218 in the circumstances of this case; and (3) improperly permitted the commissioner to rely on [330]*330an interpretation of § 12-218 for which the commissioner had not promulgated a regulation. Because we agree with Foodways’ first two claims, the judgment of the trial court must be reversed. We therefore need not consider Foodways’ third claim.
I
The basic contours of the state’s exercise 'of its taxing power with respect to multistate corporations are not at issue. The underlying tax is the Connecticut corporation business tax; General Statutes c. 208; which is “in the nature of an excise tax levied against domestic and foreign corporations alike, for the privilege of doing business in a corporate capacity within this State.” (Internal quotation marks omitted.) Connecticut Bank & Trust Co. v. Tax Commissioner, 178 Conn. 243, 247, 423 A.2d 883 (1979). “Section 12-214 (a), which imposes the corporation business tax, provides that the tax is ‘to be measured by the entire net income . . . from business transacted within the state during the income year,’4 while § 12-218 provides a measure to determine the taxable net income of multistate corporations to be apportioned to this state. Altray Co. v. Groppo, [224 Conn. 426, 432-33, 619 A.2d 443 (1993)]; Texaco Refining & Marketing Co. v. Commissioner of Revenue Services, [202 Conn. 583, 589-91, 522 A.2d 771 (1987)]; Schlumberger Technology Corporation v. Dubno, [202 Conn. 412, 415-16, 521 A.2d 569 (1987)].” Kelly-Springfield Tire Co. v. Bajorski, 228 Conn. 137, 142, 635 A.2d 771 (1993). Within the constraints that the [331]*331commerce clause and the due process clause of the United States constitution impose on state tax powers, § 12-218 serves to quantify the presence of a multistate corporation in this state and elsewhere. See id., 143; Altray Co. v. Groppo, supra, 434.
In construing § 12-218, we have consistently held that apportionment of a multistate corporation’s taxable income between other states and Connecticut involves the imposition of a tax rather than the availability of an exemption. Accordingly, any ambiguity in the application of § 12-218 must be resolved in favor of the taxpayer and against the commissioner. Kelly-Springfield Tire Co. v. Bajorski, supra, 228 Conn. 143; Altray Co. v. Groppo, supra, 224 Conn. 435.
The trial court questioned the validity of this principle of construction in light of the possibility that different multistate corporate taxpayers might find it in their interest to advocate different constructions of § 12-218 depending on the nature of their business in Connecticut and elsewhere. On the present record, however, such a consideration is purely speculative. Foodways has sought a construction of “gross rents” which, according to the stipulation between the parties, the commissioner has consistently rejected. There is, therefore, no discernible reason to fear that resolution of this ambiguity in § 12-218 in accordance with our well established principles creates a risk of inconsistent interpretations of the statute.
II
The property factor is one of the three factors that, under § 12-218 (b), must be calculated for the purpose of allocating the income of a multistate corporation to this state. The property factor requires the taxpayer to compute the value of “tangible property” in Connecticut that is “held and owned by the taxpayer” or “rented to the taxpayer,” and then to compare that [332]*332value to the value of all tangible property that is held and owned by, or rented to, the taxpayer. In conjunction with rentals to the taxpayer, § 12-218 (b) defines “gross rents” as “the actual sum of money or other consideration payable, directly or indirectly, by the taxpayer or for its benefit for the use or possession of the property, excluding royalties, but including interest, taxes, insurance, repairs or any other amount required to be paid by the terms of a lease or other arrangement.”
The trial court agreed with Foodways that the warehouse space that is the subject of the warehouse contracts in this case could, in some circumstances, qualify as “tangible property” within the meaning of § 12-218 (b). The court nonetheless concluded that the warehouse fees paid by Foodways were not rental payments under § 12-218 (b) because, in the absence of control over a specific part of the warehouse premises, Foodways was merely a bailor and, in that capacity, had not rented any “tangible property.”
The specific issue raised by this appeal, therefore, is whether § 12-218 (b) includes, as rental payments, fees that a taxpayer has agreed to pay to a warehouse that commits itself to make available a specific amount of space rather than a specific location for the space. As a matter of statutory construction, this issue requires us to reconcile the prefatory language of § 12-218 (b) that the property factor measures “the value of tangible property rented to the taxpayer” with the subsection’s subsequent capacious definition of “gross rents” to include payments for “the use or possession of the property” pursuant to “the terms of a lease or other arrangement.”
On its face, the statutory definition of “gross rents” includes Foodways’ warehouse storage fees. Foodways is paying for the “use” of space, and such “use,” under [333]*333the statute, need not arise out of a possessory interest. Foodways’ contracts are “arrangements,” and such “arrangements,” under the statute, need not take the form of leases.
The force of this facial analysis of § 12-218 (b) is not diminished by the fact that the contracts between Food-ways and its warehouses have some of the features of a bailment. Although Foodways’ warehouse storage contracts resemble bailments because the contracts do not reserve specific space to Foodways, the contracts nonetheless have the essential characteristics of rental arrangements with respect to the fees that Foodways pays for storage, because these fees do not include handling costs associated with the storage of Foodways’ products. For tax purposes, it is significant that, unlike ordinary contracts of bailment, Foodways’ contracts “unbundle” storage fees from handling fees. There is no automatic carryover from the common law attributes of a bailment, which were largely designed to allocate risks of loss, to the implications of such a business relationship for the apportionment of a multistate corporation’s income to this state. See McKesson & Robbins, Inc. v. Walsh, 132 Conn. 158, 162-63, 42 A.2d 841 (1945).5 The storage contracts between Foodways and its warehouses fall literally within the definition of rental arrangements contained in § 12-218 (b).
The commissioner argues, nonetheless, that the express language of the statutory definition of “gross rents” must be limited in accordance with the statutory requirement that the taxpayer’s payments qualify as “tangible property rented to the taxpayer.” Undesignated space, the state maintains, cannot be “tangible property.” The commissioner, however, cites no text, legislative history or policy that supports his interpre[334]*334tation. Indeed, contrary to the commissioner’s argument, the text of § 12-218 suggests that the legislature may have used the term “tangible property” not to distinguish between definite space and undesignated space, but to distinguish tangible property from “intangible assets” such as stocks, bonds, bank accounts and the like. Such a distinction arguably is reflected in the fact that, in describing the receipts factor, § 12-218 lists “intangible assets” and “tangible property” separately. Moreover, while there may be a policy reason for excluding intangible assets from the property factor— that such assets often cannot be said to be located in a particular state; see J. Warren, “Income Taxes: Principles of Formulary Apportionment,” Tax Management Multistate Tax Portfolio Series § 1150.05.B (1994)— that policy reason does not apply to warehouse space, which, even if undesignated, is located in a particular state. The best that can be said for the commissioner’s argument is that the juxtaposition of the various phrases used by the legislature in describing the property factor creates an ambiguity about the meaning of the “use” of property by an “arrangement” that is not a lease. Such an ambiguity must, however, be resolved in favor of the taxpayer, Foodways. See part I of this opinion.
We note finally that a construction of § 12-218 (b) to include warehouse storage fees as rental payments is consistent with the view taken in other jurisdictions. The parties have cited no judicial decision that is directly on point and we have found none.6 Regulations issued elsewhere, however, support the result that we have reached. We have recognized that § 12-218 to a [335]*335significant extent parallels the Uniform Division of Income for Tax Purposes Act (UDITPA); Texaco, Inc. v. Groppo, 215 Conn. 134, 141-42 n.6, 574 A.2d 1293 (1990); Schlumberger Technology Corp. v. Dubno, supra, 202 Conn. 417 n.5; and regulations published pursuant to UDITPA treat payments for the use of warehouse storage space as rental payments. Multistate Tax Commission Regs. IV.ll.(b) [.30] (3) and example (ii), 2 CCH Multistate Corporate Income Tax Guide f8274. Taxing authorities in several jurisdictions that have adopted UDITPA7 have specifically promulgated conforming regulations as well.8
The judgment is reversed and the case is remanded with direction to sustain the appeal.
In this opinion the other justices concurred.