Fontenot v. Flaire, Inc.

641 So. 2d 1062, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 2289, 1994 WL 460694
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedAugust 17, 1994
Docket26055-CA
StatusPublished
Cited by14 cases

This text of 641 So. 2d 1062 (Fontenot v. Flaire, Inc.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fontenot v. Flaire, Inc., 641 So. 2d 1062, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 2289, 1994 WL 460694 (La. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

641 So.2d 1062 (1994)

Richard FONTENOT, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
FLAIRE, INC., Defendant-Appellant.

No. 26055-CA.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Second Circuit.

August 17, 1994.

*1063 Mayer, Smith & Roberts by Frank K. Carroll, Shreveport, for appellant.

Blake Deshotels, Ville Platte, for appellee.

Before MARVIN, LINDSAY and WILLIAMS, JJ.

LINDSAY, Judge.

The defendant, Flaire, Inc., appeals from a default judgment finding that it violated LSA-R.S. 23:1361, in wrongfully discharging from its employment the plaintiff, Richard Fontenot, because he asserted a claim for worker's compensation benefits. We affirm the trial court judgment.

FACTS

On May 12, 1992, while he was working for the defendant, the plaintiff injured his left knee. He received worker's compensation benefits and was reimbursed for his medical expenses incurred in connection with the injury.

The plaintiff's physician released him to return to work on November 23, 1992. Plaintiff alleged that on that date, he contacted his supervisor at Flaire, Inc. and was informed that he would be contacted regarding a time to return to work. He claims that he was never contacted by his employer and was therefore terminated from employment because he filed a claim for worker's compensation benefits. On December 21, 1992, the plaintiff filed suit against the defendant, claiming retaliatory discharge.

*1064 Service was made on the defendant, through its agent for service of process, on December 29, 1992. The defendant did not answer the plaintiff's petition. On February 1, 1993, a preliminary default was entered. On July 13, 1993, a hearing was held to confirm the default. At the hearing, plaintiff presented evidence concerning the termination of his employment due to the assertion of his claim for worker's compensation benefits. At the conclusion of the hearing, the default was confirmed and a judgment was entered against the defendant, ordering it to pay the plaintiff $15,000 in damages, plus $5,000 in attorney fees. However, the testimony was not recorded or preserved by a court reporter, and therefore, no transcript is available.

Subsequently, the defendant suspensively appealed. The plaintiff answered the appeal.

After the appeal was lodged in this court, the defendant filed a declinatory exception of lack of subject matter jurisdiction. The defendant argued that LSA-R.S. 23:1310.3 had been amended to give the Office of Worker's Compensation exclusive jurisdiction over any claims under the Worker's Compensation Act, including claims for retaliatory discharge. Therefore, the defendant contends that the district court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over this case.

On appeal, in addition to his claim that the district court lacked subject matter jurisdiction, the defendant contends that the plaintiff's petition failed to set forth the "true reason or motive" for plaintiff's discharge. The defendant argues that the petition insufficiently alleged that the intent for the discharge was retaliation for the plaintiff's claim for worker's compensation benefits. Therefore, it argues that the plaintiff could not enlarge the pleadings to show that the discharge was retaliatory, nor could the plaintiff have presented a prima facie case entitling him to a judgment for retaliatory discharge.

The defendant also contends that the trial court's award of $5,000 in attorney fees is excessive and unreasonable.

In his answer to the appeal, the plaintiff contends that this appeal is frivolous and was undertaken to avoid the payment of damages. He argues that he should be awarded penalties and an additional attorney fee of $1,500 for defending against this appeal.

SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION

The question of whether a district court has subject matter jurisdiction to decide a case based on alleged retaliatory or wrongful discharge of an employee for filing a claim for worker's compensation benefits was recently considered by the Louisiana Supreme Court, in Sampson v. Wendy's Management, 593 So.2d 336 (La.1992). The Supreme Court held that suits for retaliatory discharge, under LSA-R.S. 23:1361[1], are not claims for worker's compensation benefits and therefore, LSA-R.S. 23:1310.3, which gives the Office of Worker's Compensation jurisdiction in worker's compensation matters, is not applicable. Accordingly, district courts have subject matter jurisdiction over retaliatory discharge claims.

In Sampson, supra, the Louisiana Supreme Court was called upon to interpret LSA-R.S. 23:1310.3, dealing with the initiation of claims and procedures before the Office of Worker's Compensation, in the context of jurisdiction for retaliatory discharge claims. The version of that statute considered by the court provided in pertinent part:

*1065 A. (1) All claims for any compensation or benefits under the Worker's Compensation Act shall be commenced with the filing of a notice of injury with the director. An employer or carrier mush file a first notice of injury, as otherwise provided by law. All matters pertaining to such injuries shall be presented to the director until such time as the director is notified by the filing of a petition by a party that there is a controverted issue that cannot be resolved by the parties. Receipt of such a petition by the director constitutes the initiation of a claim under Section 1209....
(4) The hearing officer shall be vested with original, exclusive jurisdiction over all claims filed pursuant to the Worker's Compensation Act.
B. All claims so filed shall be heard by the hearing officer as provided by law. [Emphasis supplied.]

The Louisiana Supreme Court specifically held that an action brought under LSA-R.S. 23:1361 does not constitute a worker's compensation matter under LSA-Const. Art. V, § 16. The Louisiana Supreme Court found that, although the statute is contained in the Worker's Compensation Act, and although the existence of the action is contingent upon an employee or prospective employee being terminated or refused employment because of the assertion of a claim for worker's compensation benefits, the cause of action constitutes a delictual employment law matter, as a statutory exception to employment at will, codified in LSA-C.C. Art. 2747.

The court reasoned that the cause of action created by LSA-R.S. 23:1361 focuses on the employer or prospective employer's tortious action in discriminating against an employee or prospective employee because of his assertion of his statutory right to worker's compensation benefits. The court found that LSA-R.S. 23:1361 does not deal directly with an employee's right to worker's compensation benefits or with the injury the employee has sustained which may or may not lead to his receipt of worker's compensation benefits.

In finding that the cause of action created by LSA-R.S. 23:1361 was in the nature of a tort and was not a worker's compensation proceeding, the court noted that this statute is not limited in application to retaliation for a prior claim for worker's compensation benefits under the Louisiana Worker's Compensation Act. The court found that the legislature did not intend protection from discrimination only to those workers who have filed worker's compensation claims under Louisiana law. The court found that the statute also acts to bar retaliatory discharge for those who have filed claims under the Jones Act and for railroad employees who filed claims under the Federal Employer's Liability Act.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
641 So. 2d 1062, 1994 La. App. LEXIS 2289, 1994 WL 460694, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fontenot-v-flaire-inc-lactapp-1994.