Fitzgerald v. Brown

857 P.2d 708, 259 Mont. 468, 50 State Rptr. 884, 1993 Mont. LEXIS 229
CourtMontana Supreme Court
DecidedJuly 29, 1993
DocketNo. 92-365
StatusPublished
Cited by13 cases

This text of 857 P.2d 708 (Fitzgerald v. Brown) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Montana Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Fitzgerald v. Brown, 857 P.2d 708, 259 Mont. 468, 50 State Rptr. 884, 1993 Mont. LEXIS 229 (Mo. 1993).

Opinion

JUSTICE TRIEWEILER

delivered the Opinion of the Court.

Eva Marie Brown appeals from two orders of the District Court for the First Judicial District, Lewis and Clark County. In its first order, entered on May 19,1992, the court determined that it was in the best interest of the parties’ child to transfer custody to the father, Kevin Fitzgerald. In its second order, entered on July 13, 1992, the court denied Eva’s motion to alter or amend the May 19, 1992, order, and her motion for a new trial. We affirm.

There are five issues on appeal.

1. Did the District Court abuse its discretion when it awarded custody in accordance with the parties’ written stipulation?

2. Did the District Court err when it awarded sole custody to Kevin?

3. Did the District Court err by not requiring sufficient input from the child’s court-appointed attorney?

4. Did the District Court err when it held the hearing on Kevin’s motion to compel on April 2, 1992?

5. Did the District Court err when it denied Eva’s request for a new trial after the May 19, 1992, order?

Eva Brown and Kevin Fitzgerald lived together in Helena, Montana, for approximately four years. They gave birth to one son, Joey, on December 22,1989. Approximately four months after Joey’s birth, the parties separated. In September 1990, Eva and Joey moved to Billings. In March 1991, Kevin married Danette Fitzgerald. They reside in Helena.

In May 1990, Kevin filed a petition for custody and visitation and to determine child support. A trial was held before the District Court on November 1, 9, and 13, 1990, to determine the parties’ custody and visitation rights. On December 4,1990, the District Court made detailed findings of fact and conclusions of law. The court determined that both [471]*471Kevin and. Eva were fit parents and awarded them joint custody of Joey. Each parent was awarded residential custody on an alternating six-month basis. The court ordered Eva to have residential custody of Joey for the initial six-month period from January 1,1991, through June 30, 1991.

Shortly before June 30, 1991, Eva filed a motion for a new trial or for an order modifying custody and visitation. Additionally, she filed a motion to stay the transfer of residential custody of Joey to Kevin. The District Court stayed the visitation schedule set forth in the December 4, 1990, decision, but ordered that Kevin be allowed visitation with Joey for a five-day period every other week pending further order of the court. At Eva’s request, the court appointed an attorney, Randi Hood, to represent Joey’s interests.

On November 15, 1991, a scheduling conference was held, and the District Court set a nonjury trial for March 5, 1992, to decide Eva’s petition to stay the visitation schedule. However, on February 21,1992, approximately two weeks prior to the scheduled trial, the parties entered into a written agreement regarding custody and visitation of Joey, which they filed with the court on February 24,1992.

In the written stipulation, the parties agreed to have Donna Hale, a licensed clinical social worker, prepare a custody evaluation to help determine what custody and visitation arrangements were in the best interest of the parties’ child, Joey. The parties agreed that they would be bound by Hale’s evaluation and recommendation, that the stipulation would settle all issues regarding child custody and visitation, and that the trial set for March 5, 1992, should be vacated.

The stipulation was drafted by Eva’s attorney and signed by both parties. The attorney representing Joey also signed the stipulation. Pursuant to the parties’ stipulation, the court vacated the trial.

Hale conducted a comprehensive custody evaluation of Eva, Kevin, and Kevin’s wife, Danette. This assessment involved clinical interviews and clinical observations of Eva, Kevin, Danette, Joey, and Eva’s and Kevin’s step-children. Additionally, Hale administered tests to the adults, including The Custody Quotient and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. On February 24, 1992, Hale recommended that custody be transferred to Kevin and that Eva have liberal visitation. Hale recommended against joint custody, based on her opinion that Eva would not cooperate with joint custody responsibilities.

On March 23,1992, Kevin filed a motion to compel and for custody, in addition to a notice of hearing on the motion. In response to Kevin’s [472]*472motion to compel, Eva filed a motion for additional evaluation and trial date on April 1,1992. She argued that the court should not accept Hale’s recommendation and enforce the parties’ stipulation without a trial-type evidentiary hearing.

A hearing on Kevin’s motion to compel was held on April 2, 1992. The entire proceeding was transcribed by a court reporter. The court first addressed Eva’s request for an evidentiary hearing, and after discussing the issue with the parties, the court ordered Eva and Kevin to brief the legal issue of whether or not a trial-type evidentiary hearing was required to determine whether the stipulation was in the best interest of the child. The court stated that it would decide Eva’s motion at a future date.

The court next addressed Kevin’s motion. The court reviewed Hale’s written evaluation and questioned Hale on the witness stand about her professional qualifications, her involvement with the case, her assessment of the parties, and her recommendation. The court also questioned Hood, the court-appointed attorney. Hood stated that she was aware that Hale had conducted an evaluation to make a custody recommendation and that it was acceptable to her. At the close of the hearing, the District Court entered a custody award in accordance with Hale’s recommendation and transferred custody to Kevin.

After consideration of the parties’ briefs and arguments on Eva’s motion, the District Court issued an order on May 19,1992, denying Eva’s request for an evidentiary hearing. In that same order, the court permanently adopted Hale’s recommendation and ordered, in writing, that custody of Joey be transferred to Kevin. Eva subsequently filed a motion to alter or amend and a motion for a new trial. On July 13, 1992, the District Court denied both of these motions. Eva appeals.

I

Did the District Court abuse its discretion when it awarded custody in accordance with the parties’ written stipulation?

On appeal, Eva contends that it was error for the District Court to award custody pursuant to the parties’ stipulation without conducting an evidentiary hearing to determine whether the written agreement was in the best interest of the child. Eva asserts that when the court adopted the custody recommendations of the evaluator, Hale, and [473]*473denied her request for a more comprehensive evidentiary hearing, the court did not adequately consider the “best interest” of the child.

Section 40-4-201(2), MCA, provides that in dissolution proceedings, at least, stipulated terms regarding the custody, support, and visitation of a child are not binding on the court. In re Marriage of Mitchell (1987), 229 Mont. 242, 248, 746 P.2d 598, 603. ‘While terms of a contract may be introduced as evidence in some instances, the custody and support of children are never left to contract between the parties.” Mitchell, 746 P.2d at 603 (quoting In

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
857 P.2d 708, 259 Mont. 468, 50 State Rptr. 884, 1993 Mont. LEXIS 229, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/fitzgerald-v-brown-mont-1993.