Filby v. Stocker Dev., L.L.C.

2017 Ohio 9002

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: December 11, 2017
• Docket: 2017 AP 06 0020
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Filby v. Stocker Dev., L.L.C., 2017-Ohio-9002.]

COURT OF APPEALS TUSCARAWAS COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT

ROBYN FILBY : JUDGES: : Hon. John W. Wise, P.J. Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. : Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J. -vs- : : STOCKER DEVELOPMENT, LLC : Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 : Defendant-Appellant : OPINION

CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the New Philadelphia Municipal Court, Case Nos. CVF 1600764 and CVF 1600735

JUDGMENT: Affirmed

DATE OF JUDGMENT: December 11, 2017

APPEARANCES:

For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant

GREGORY J. MCCLEERY JOSEPH I. TRIOPDI 224 3rd Street NW 1114 East High Avenue New Philadelphia, OH 44663 New Philadelphia, OH 44663 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 2

Wise, Earle, J.

{¶ 1} Defendant-Appellant Stocker Development, LLC (Stocker), appeals the

May 30, 2017 judgement of the New Philadelphia Municipal Court's finding in favor of

Plaintiff-Appellee Robyn Filby (Filby), in an action to recover Filby's security deposit on

the apartment rental.

FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

{¶ 2} In May, 2015, Filby moved into an apartment on Blake Avenue in New

Philadelphia, Ohio, which is owned by Stocker. She signed a lease agreement with

Stocker in April 2015. The lease provided for $650.00 monthly rent, payable on the first

day of each month, a $650.00 security deposit and a $25.00 late fee for any payment

made after the 3rd day of the month. When Filby looked at the apartment, it smelled bad.

Stocker advised it was because the previous tenant owned a cat, and that the carpets

would be scrubbed before she moved in.

{¶ 3} Filby lived in the apartment for a year. During that time, Filby noticed an

increase in her daughter's pre-existing asthma and allergies. In May 2016, Filby gave

Stocker 30-day notice that she would be moving.

{¶ 4} On June 28, 2016, Filby texted Stocker her forwarding address. She also

advised she was leaving a washer and dryer, but also offered to remove the appliances.

The next day, after Filby and a friend had cleaned the apartment and steam cleaned the

carpets, Stocker conducted a walk-through inspection. The carpets were dry during the

walk-through. According to Filby, after the inspection, Stocker advised he would return

her security deposit minus the last month's water bill, and did not ask her to remove the

appliances. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 3

{¶ 5} After the July 4th holiday, Stocker's maintenance man, Eugene Cox,

cleaned the apartment, painted, and steam cleaned the carpets again.

{¶ 6} Sometime later, Stocker returned to the apartment and was confronted with

a foul odor. He had Cox scrub the carpet again with a different solution. When the odor

still was not remedied, Cox pulled up the carpet. He found the carpet and padding

saturated with moisture, moldy, mildewed and foul smelling.

{¶ 7} Stocker uses a "Condition and Inventory" sheet to document the condition

of an apartment before and after a tenancy. There is no such sheet documenting the

condition of the apartment before Filby's tenancy. There is, however, a completed

Condition and Inventory sheet after Filby's tenancy, but dated seven days after the joint

walk-thorough inspection. Stocker's signature is on the form, but Filby's is not. The sheet

indicates a foul odor in both bedrooms, the living room, and kitchen. It further notes the

fact that the washer and dryer were left behind, the furnace filter was missing, and that

the laundry room floor was dirty because the dryer was improperly vented.

{¶ 8} On August 2, 2016, Filby texted Stocker asking when she could expect to

receive the return of her security deposit. On August 4, 2016, Stocker replied, advised

he had to replace all of the flooring due to moisture, mold and odor, and suggesting it

was due to Filby's improper cleaning of the carpet before she moved out. Stoker further

advised he would send Filby an accounting of the damages. This accounting, however,

was never sent.

{¶ 9} On September 12, 2016, Filby filed a complaint against John Stocker in the

New Philadelphia Municipal Court for unlawful withholding of her security deposit and

statutory damages pursuant to R.C. 5321.16. On September 19, Stocker filed a claim Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 4

against Filby for damages to the rental property under a new case number –

CVF1600764. The summons and complaint was served on Filby on September 24, 2016.

Included was an accounting for damages to the apartment. On October 12, 2016, Filby

filed an answer and counterclaim denying responsibility for the damages. Also on

October 12, Filby filed an amended complaint in the original case, adding Stocker

Development, LLC as defendant. On October 14, 2016, Stocker moved to strike the

amended complaint. Filby filed a memorandum in opposition on October 26. Stocker filed

an answer and counterclaim in the original case on October 19, 2016.

{¶ 10} On January 9, 2017, the magistrate found Filby was entitled to amend the

named defendant, and denied Stoker's motion to strike. The magistrate further

consolidated the two cases. Thereafter, on January 31, 2017, Stocker filed an answer

and counterclaim to the amended complaint.

{¶ 11} On March 6, 2017, Stocker filed a motion for default judgment against

Filby, as Filby had failed to file an answer to Stocker's counterclaim. The same day, Filby

filed an answer instanter.

{¶ 12} A bench trial was held on the matter on March 8, 2017. The trial court

dismissed with prejudice Stocker's case number CVF600764 against Filby for damages

to rental property, and Filby's counterclaim in the same case. It further dismissed

Stocker's counterclaim against Filby in the original case. The trial court then found Filby

was entitled to the return of her security deposit less unpaid late fees, insufficient funds

fees, and the final water bill. The court awarded Filby the remaining amount, $355.42,

statutory damages in the amount of $355.42 pursuant to R.C 5321.16(C) with interest,

and attorney's fee in the amount of $1500.00. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 5

{¶ 13} Stocker now brings this appeal raising four assignments of error:

I

{¶ 14} "THE TRIAL COURT'S JUDGMENT AGAINST THE DEFENDANT-

APPELLANT IS AGAINST THE MANIFEST WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE."

II

{¶ 15} "THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN AWARDING ANY

FUNDS TO APPELLEE FROM THE SECURITY DEPOSIT IN THAT NO FUNDS WERE

OWED TO HER BASED UPON THE UNREASONABLE TESTIMONY RELIED UPON

BY THE COURT FROM THE APPELLEE."

III

{¶ 16} "THE TRIAL COURT ABUSED ITS DISCRETION IN AWARDING

APPELLEE ATTORNEY'S FEES IN THE SUM OF $1,500.00 AND AGAINST THE

APPELLANT."

IV

{¶ 17} "THE TRIAL COURT COMMITTED PREJUDICIAL ERROR IN FINDING

THAT THE APPELLANT WRONGFULLY WITHHELD THE SECURITY DEPOSIT

FROM THE APPELLEE."

I, II

{¶ 18} We address Stocker's first and second assignments of error together, as

they are interrelated.

{¶ 19} In its first assignment of error, Stocker argues the trial court's findings are

against the manifest weight of the evidence. Specifically, Stocker argues the trial court

lost its way in finding Stocker failed to prove the existence of mold by a preponderance Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 6

of the evidence, that the replacement of the flooring was not necessary, and that Stocker

wrongfully withheld Filby's security deposit. In its second assignment of error, Stocker

argues the trial court improperly weighed the testimony of the witnesses. We disagree.

{¶ 20} On review for manifest weight, the standard in a civil case is identical to

the standard in a criminal case: a reviewing court is to examine the entire record, weigh

the evidence and all reasonable inferences, consider the credibility of witnesses and

determine "whether in resolving conflicts in the evidence, the jury [or finder of fact] clearly

lost its way and created such a manifest miscarriage of justice that the conviction

[decision] must be reversed and a new trial ordered." State v. Martin, 20 Ohio App.3d

172, 175, 485 N.E.2d 717 (1st Dist.1983). In Thompkins, supra, at 387, quoting Black's

Law Dictionary 1594 (6th Ed.1990), the Supreme Court of Ohio explained the following:

Weight of the evidence concerns "the inclination of the greater amount of

credible evidence, offered in a trial, to support one side of the issue rather

than the other. It indicates clearly to the jury that the party having the burden

of proof will be entitled to their verdict, if, on weighing the evidence in their

minds, they shall find the greater amount of credible evidence sustains the

issue which is to be established before them. Weight is not a question of

mathematics, but depends on its effect in inducing belief." (Emphasis sic.)

{¶ 21} In weighing the evidence, however, we are always mindful of the

presumption in favor of the trial court's factual findings. Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio

St.3d 328, 2012-Ohio-2179, 972 N.E.2d 517. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 7

{¶ 22} We have reviewed the trial court's findings of fact and conclusions of law.

We note that the trial court did not find, as Stocker argues, that Stocker had failed to

prove the existence of mold by a preponderance of the evidence, nor that replacing the

flooring was unnecessary. Rather, the court found at paragraph 14 its findings of fact

and conclusions of law:

The court finds Stocker has not proven, by a preponderance of the

evidence, that any mold was caused by the actions of Filby. Therefore,

withholding any portion of the security deposit to replace floor coverings

was unlawful.

{¶ 23} The trial court thus found that Stocker failed to prove Filby was the cause

of the damage, not that damage did not exist. We agree with the trial court's conclusion.

At trial, Stocker admitted the carpet was not wet due to Filby's actions, and that in fact

the carpets were dry before Cox scrubbed them again. Instead, Stocker alleged Filby's

cleaning of the carpets "re-activated" the odor in the apartment. T. 74. Because Stocker

failed to prove Filby was the cause of the damage, Stocker wrongfully withheld Filby's

security deposit.

{¶ 24} In its second assignment of error, Stocker argues Filby's testimony was

confused and unreliable, and incredible.1 It is well settled, however, that the credibility of

witnesses is a matter for the trier of fact to determine. State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d

1Stocker argues this complaint should be reviewed for an abuse of discretion. We find however, that the weighing of testimony is properly reviewed under manifest weight standards. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 8

230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967). We find that the trial court did not lose its way in weighing

the testimony of the witnesses.

{¶ 25} Stocker's first and second assignments of error are denied.

III, IV

{¶ 26} We address Stocker's third and fourth assignments of error together as

they both concern the provisions of R.C. 5321.16. In his third assignment of error,

Stocker argues the trial court abused its discretion in awarding attorney fees to Filby. In

his fourth assignment of error Stocker argues the trial court erred in finding it wrongfully

withheld Filby's security deposit. We disagree.

Applicable Law

{¶ 27} First, an abuse of discretion is more than an error of judgment. Instead, it

implies that the court was unreasonable, arbitrary or unconscionable in its ruling.

Blakemore v. Blakemore, 5 OhioSt.3d, 217, 219, 450 N.E.2d 1140 (1983).

{¶ 28} Next, R.C. 5321.16(B) and (C) provide:

(B) Upon termination of the rental agreement any property or money held

by the landlord as a security deposit may be applied to the payment of past

due rent and to the payment of the amount of damages that the landlord

has suffered by reason of the tenant's noncompliance with section 5321.05

of the Revised Code or the rental agreement. Any deduction from the

security deposit shall be itemized and identified by the landlord in a written

notice delivered to the tenant together with the amount due, within thirty

days after termination of the rental agreement and delivery of possession. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 9

The tenant shall provide the landlord in writing with a forwarding address or

new address to which the written notice and amount due from the landlord

may be sent. If the tenant fails to provide the landlord with the forwarding or

new address as required, the tenant shall not be entitled to damages or

attorneys fees under division (C) of this section.

(C) If the landlord fails to comply with division (B) of this section, the tenant

may recover the property and money due him, together with damages in an

amount equal to the amount wrongfully withheld, and reasonable attorneys

fees.

{¶ 29} In his fourth assignment of error, Stocker argues the trial court erred when

it determined Stocker wrongfully withheld Filby's security deposit. Stocker concedes he

failed to provide Filby with an itemized list of damages as required pursuant to R.C

5321(B). He argues, however, that he is exempt from this requirement because there

were no funds left over to refund Filby due to damage to the property, late fees, and

unpaid rent and water bills.

{¶ 30} The plain language of R.C. 5321.16(B), however, makes no such exception

and further, contains mandatory language. It is well settled that an unambiguous statue

is to be applied, not interpreted. Sears v. Weimer 143 Ohio St. 312, 55 N.E.2d 413

(1944). Moreover, we are without authority to reach beyond the plain meaning of an

unambiguous statute "‘under the guise of either statutory interpretation or liberal

construction." Stewart v. Vivian, __ N.E. 3d __, 2017-Ohio-7526 ¶30 quoting Dunbar v.

State, 136 Ohio St.3d 181, 2013-Ohio-2163, 992 N.E.3d 1111, ¶16. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 10

{¶ 31} Stocker also argues that the trial court abused its discretion when it

awarded Filby attorney's fees because no fee agreement between Filby and her counsel,

pursuant to the Rules of Professional Conduct 1.5(8)(b) was presented at trial.

{¶ 32} Stocker provides no authority to support his argument that a fee agreement

between client and counsel must be introduced at trial in order to support an award of

attorney's fees. Further, if a landlord wrongfully withholds any portion of a tenant's

security deposit, as the trial court determined here, the provisions of R.C. 5321.16(B)

and (C) are mandatory. Vardeman v. Llewellyn, 17 Ohio St.3d 24, 29, 476 N.E.2d 1038,

(1985), Klemas v. Flynn, 66 Ohio St.3d 249, 251, 611 N.E.2d 810 (1993); Smith v.

Padgett (1987), 32 Ohio St.3d 344, 513 N.E.2d 737 (1987) paragraph three of the

syllabus.

{¶ 33} Moreover, at trial, Filby offered Exhibit 6, an invoice from her counsel

outlining work completed in this matter and cost. The trial court accepted the exhibit over

Stocker's objection. The trial court also had before it the docket in this matter which

further evidenced counsel's work on the case. In its findings of fact and conclusions of

law the trial court found $150.00 per hour was reasonable, and that 10 hours was the

amount of time reasonably necessary to litigate Filby's claims and defenses. We find no

abuse of discretion in the trial court's award of attorney's fees. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2017 AP 06 0020 11

{¶ 34} Stocker's third and fourth assignments of error are denied.

By Wise, Earle, J.

Wise, John, P.J. and

Baldwin, J. concur.

EEW/rw