Fifth Third Bank v. Ricci

2021 Ohio 1648

• Court: Ohio Court of Appeals
• Decided: May 12, 2021
• Docket: C-200222, C-200237
• Status: Published

Opinion

[Cite as Fifth Third Bank v. Ricci, 2021-Ohio-1648.]

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO

FIFTH THIRD BANK, : APPEAL NOS. C-200222 C-200237 Plaintiff-Appellee, : TRIAL NO. A-1103438

vs. : O P I N I O N. JOSEPH A. RICCI, :

Defendant-Appellant. :

Civil Appeals From: Hamilton County Court of Common Pleas

Judgment Appealed From Is: Reversed and Cause Remanded in C-200222; Appeal Dismissed in C-200237

Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: May 12, 2021

Brock & Scott, PLLC, and Mark N. Dierks, for Plaintiff-Appellee,

Luftman, Heck & Associates, LLB, and Gregory S. Zuchowski, for Defendant- Appellant. OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

MYERS, Presiding Judge.

{¶1} Defendant-appellant Joseph A. Ricci appeals the judgment of the trial

court denying his motion to vacate a default judgment. Because Ricci filed two

appeals from the same judgment, we dismiss the appeal in the case numbered C-

200237 as duplicative. For the reasons set forth below, we reverse the trial court’s

judgment.

{¶2} In April 2011, plaintiff-appellee Fifth Third Bank filed a complaint

against Ricci and attempted service by certified mail, which was subsequently

returned unclaimed in August 2011. In June 2011, Fifth Third requested service by a

private process server. In July 2011, Fifth Third filed a return of service indicating

that Ricci had been personally served. After Ricci failed to respond to the complaint,

Fifth Third obtained a default judgment against him in October 2011.

{¶3} Eight years later, Ricci filed a motion to vacate the default judgment.

He attached to his motion an affidavit asserting that he had not been personally

served by the process server at the time or location indicated on the return of service,

that he was not present at the location at that time, and that it would have been

impossible for him to have been present at that location at that time. Fifth Third

filed a motion for a hearing to assess the credibility of Ricci’s assertions, but the trial

court denied Ricci’s motion to vacate without a hearing.

{¶4} In his first and second assignments of error, Ricci argues that the trial

court erred by denying his motion to vacate the default judgment and that its

decision was against the manifest weight of the evidence. We consider these

assignments of error together.

2 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

{¶5} Proper service of process is a prerequisite to a court exercising

personal jurisdiction. Goering v. Lacher, 1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-110106, 2011-

Ohio-5464, ¶ 9. A default judgment rendered without proper service is void.

Cincinnati Ins. v. Emge, 124 Ohio App.3d 61, 63, 705 N.E.2d 408 (1st Dist.1997). A

trial court has inherent power to vacate a void judgment. Id.

{¶6} Service of process must be made in a manner reasonably calculated to

notify interested parties of an action and afford them an opportunity to respond. Id.

The plaintiff bears the burden of ensuring proper service. Id. Where the plaintiff

follows the civil rules governing the service of process, the service is presumed to be

proper unless the defendant rebuts the presumption by sufficient evidence of

nonservice. Id.

{¶7} The civil rules permit service of process outside the state to be made by

personal service. See Civ.R. 4.3(B)(2). In this case, Fifth Third completed out-of-

state personal service as contemplated by the rule, which created the presumption

that service was properly made. See Emge at 64.

{¶8} Ricci argues, however, that his affidavit accompanying his motion to

vacate the default judgment asserted operative facts that, if true, demonstrated that

he was not served with the lawsuit. He argues that the trial court erred by overruling

his motion without first holding an evidentiary hearing to assess the credibility of his

assertion of nonservice.

{¶9} “[I]n recognition that a defendant may easily make a self-serving claim

that he did not receive service, we have held that a trial court ‘is entitled to make a

credibility assessment and disbelieve the defendant’s claim, particularly where the

circumstantial evidence of receipt is compelling.’ ” Altman v. Parker, 2018-Ohio-

3 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS

4583, 123 N.E.3d 382, ¶ 14 (1st Dist.), quoting Infinity Broadcasting, Inc. v. Brewer,

1st Dist. Hamilton No. C-020329, 2003-Ohio-1022, ¶ 8. “But ‘as a corollary of the

additional latitude we have given the trial court,’ we have held that the trial court

must afford the defendant a hearing at which the court may ‘assess the credibility of

the defendant’s assertion.’ ” Id., quoting Brewer at ¶ 8. If after an evidentiary

hearing the trial court determines that it does not believe the defendant’s testimony

that service was not received, a self-serving affidavit does not rebut the presumption

of proper service. Emge, 124 Ohio App.3d at 64, 705 N.E.2d 408.

{¶10} “Without a hearing, the trial court could not have appropriately

assessed [Ricci’s] credibility or the persuasiveness of [Ricci’s] evidence and could not

have determined whether [Ricci] was truthful in alleging that he did not receive

proper service of process.” See id. at 64. The trial court should have held a hearing

on the issue of whether Ricci did in fact receive service. Id. at 65. An evidentiary

hearing is additionally warranted because Fifth Third specifically requested one to

require Ricci to testify before the court. See Altman at ¶ 15.

{¶11} We hold that the trial court erred by overruling Ricci’s motion to

vacate the default judgment without holding an evidentiary hearing. We sustain the

assignments of error. We reverse the trial court’s judgment and remand this matter

to the trial court for further proceedings consistent with law in the appeal numbered

C-200222. The appeal numbered C-200237 is dismissed.

Judgment accordingly.

BERGERON and CROUSE, JJ., concur.

Please note: The court has recorded its own entry this date.