Felder v. Filion

368 F. App'x 253
Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit·Decided March 5, 2010·No. No. 08-1767-pr·Published·Cited by 5 cases

Opinion

SUMMARY ORDER

This cause came on to be heard on the record from the United States District Court for the Northern District of New [255]*255York, and was submitted by plaintiff pro se and by counsel for defendants.

Plaintiff pro se Daniel Felder, a New York State prisoner who was represented by counsel at trial, appeals from a judgment of the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York entered following a jury trial before Randolph F. Treece, Magistrate Judge, on Felder’s claim against defendant Hum-phry, a corrections Sergeant, for retaliation in violation of Felder’s First Amendment right to file grievances. At the trial, conducted before the magistrate judge on consent of the parties, the jury returned a verdict in favor of Humphry. Prior to trial, the district court, David N. Hurd, District Judge, had granted partial summary judgment, dismissing all claims asserted by Felder against defendants Gary Filion, Lamar, and B. Lifford. On appeal, Felder argues that the district court erred in granting partial summary judgment; that at trial the court erred in admitting a certain document into evidence without allowing him to testify that the document was not a grievance; and that the jury’s verdict was against the preponderance of the evidence. For the reasons that follow, we reject Felder’s contentions. We assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts and the procedural history of the case.

Preliminarily, we note that although the notice of appeal originally filed by Felder stated only that it was a “notice of appeal from [the] verdict rendered against him in the above caption [sic ] matter by jury” at “[t]he trial ... against Lieutenant [sic ] Richard Humphrey [sic ],” Felder also filed in the district court a motion for permission to appeal from the court’s pretrial rulings granting summary judgment in favor of Filion, Lamar, and Lifford. As a final judgment had been entered and the motion was filed before the deadline for appeal from the judgment, Felder did not require permission to seek appellate review of the summary judgment rulings, and we exercise our discretion to treat his motion for permission to appeal as an amended notice of appeal that expanded the scope of his appeal to encompass the specified pretrial rulings. Cf. Smith v. Barry, 502 U.S. 244, 245, 112 S.Ct. 678, 116 L.Ed.2d 678 (1992) (“a document intended to serve as an appellate brief may qualify as the notice of appeal required by Rule 3”); id. at 248, 112 S.Ct. 678 (“[W]hen papers are ‘technically at variance with the letter of [Rule 3], a court may nonetheless find that the litigant has complied with the rule if the litigant’s action is the functional equivalent of what the rule requires.’ ” (quoting Torres v. Oakland Scavenger Co., 487 U.S. 312, 316-17, 108 S.Ct. 2405, 101 L.Ed.2d 285 (1988))).

With respect to the merits of the summary judgment rulings, we review the district court’s decisions de novo in order to determine whether the court properly concluded that there were no genuine issues of material fact to be tried and that the moving parties were entitled to judgment as a matter of law. See, e.g., Miller v. Wolpoff & Abramson, L.L.P., 321 F.3d 292, 300 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 540 U.S. 823, 124 S.Ct. 153, 157 L.Ed.2d 44 (2003). In determining whether there were genuine issues of material fact, we resolve all ambiguities and draw all permissible factual inferences in favor of the party against whom summary judgment was sought. See, e.g., Terry v. Ashcroft, 336 F.3d 128, 137 (2d Cir.2003).

In challenging the granting of summary judgment, Felder contends principally that the district court improperly failed to consider his Eighth Amendment claims that Lifford confiscated his eyeglasses and verbally threatened him. The district court ruled that these claims were [256]*256not properly before the court. “Our court may ... affirm the district court’s judgment on any ground appearing in the record, even if the ground is different from the one relied on by the district court,” ACEquip Ltd. v. American Engineering Corp., 315 F.3d 151, 155 (2d Cir.2003), and we conclude that, even if these claims were properly before the district court, they were meritless.

In order to substantiate an Eighth Amendment claim for medical indifference, a plaintiff must prove that the defendant was deliberately indifferent to a serious medical need. See Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825, 834-35, 114 S.Ct. 1970, 128 L.Ed.2d 811 (1994). Such a claim has both objective and subjective elements. “Objectively, the alleged deprivation must be sufficiently serious, in the sense that a condition of urgency, one that may produce death, degeneration, or extreme pain exists.” Hathaway v. Coughlin, 99 F.3d 550, 553 (2d Cir.1996) (internal quotation marks omitted); see, e.g., Koehl v. Dalsheim, 85 F.3d 86, 87-88 (2d Cir.1996) (plaintiff sufficiently stated an Eighth Amendment claim where he alleged that his glasses were necessary to ameliorate double vision and a loss of depth perception resulting from a head injury, and that the confiscation of his glasses resulted in a loss of vision, headaches, and injuries from falling or walking into objects). “Subjectively, the charged official must act with a sufficiently culpable state of mind,” meaning “something more than mere negligence,” and akin to criminal recklessness. Hathaway v. Coughlin, 99 F.3d at 553 (internal quotation marks omitted). “[Evidence that the risk was obvious or otherwise must have been known to a defendant is sufficient to permit a jury to conclude that the defendant was actually aware of it.” Brock v. Wright, 315 F.3d 158, 164 (2d Cir.2003).

Here, Felder failed to produce evidence from which a reasonable jury could conclude that either the objective or the subjective element was present. He did not produce evidence demonstrating that the deprivation of his eyeglasses caused him harm sufficiently serious to meet the above standard. Nor, since he states only that he told Lifford that he needed his glasses, and does not indicate that he had any further communication with Lifford about the glasses, did he demonstrate that Lif-ford was aware of any substantial risk of serious harm.

The allegation that Lifford threatened Felder verbally was not a sufficient basis for a claim of Eighth Amendment violation because Felder did not present evidence of any injury resulting from those threats. See Purcell v. Coughlin, 790 F.2d 263, 265 (2d Cir.1986).

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