Farmers & Merchants State Bank v. Eaton (In re Eaton)

359 B.R. 661, 2007 Bankr. LEXIS 321
CourtUnited States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. Ohio
DecidedFebruary 1, 2007
DocketBankruptcy No. 05-74969; Adversary No. 06-3175
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 359 B.R. 661 (Farmers & Merchants State Bank v. Eaton (In re Eaton)) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering United States Bankruptcy Court, N.D. Ohio primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Farmers & Merchants State Bank v. Eaton (In re Eaton), 359 B.R. 661, 2007 Bankr. LEXIS 321 (Ohio 2007).

Opinion

ORDER REGARDING MOTION FOR DEFAULT JUDGMENTi OR IN THE ALTERNATIVE, MOTION TO COMPEL DISCOVERY

MARY ANN WHIPPLE, Bankruptcy Judge.

This adversary proceeding is before the court on Plaintiffs Motion for Default Judgment, or in the Alternative, Motion to Compel Discovery [Doc. # 42] and Motion to Compel Discovery [Doc. # 43], and the pro se response filed by Defendant Allen Eaton and his wife, Debbie Sandlin, which the court construes also as a motion for protective order with respect to Defendant. [Doc. # 48].

BACKGROUND

On March 6, 2006, Plaintiff filed a complaint against Defendant to determine dischargeability of a debt owed to it by Defendant. Defendant answered the complaint. Thereafter, Plaintiff scheduled a deposition for June 7, 2006. On May 17, 2006, Plaintiff served a notice of the deposition on Defendant’s attorney. The notice stated that Plaintiff would be deposing, upon oral examination, both Defendant and his wife, Debbie Sandlin. On May 31, 2006, Defendant filed a Motion for Video Deposition due to the fact that he had moved to Arizona. Plaintiff opposed the motion and cancelled the June 7 deposition pending the court’s ruling. On September 1, 2006, the court granted the motion and ordered the video deposition to be completed, at Defendant’s cost, in sufficient time to comply with the discovery deadline of October 9, 2006. However, the video deposition never took place since, according to Defendant, he and his wife were unemployed at the time and could not afford to pay for the deposition.

Plaintiff then scheduled a deposition of both Defendant and Debbie Sandlin to be conducted on October 12, 2006, at the office of Plaintiffs attorney in Toledo, Ohio. On September 14, 2006, notice of the deposition was sent to Defendant and his wife in Arizona, as well as his attorney. According to Defendant, he had recently [663]*663moved to Berne, Indiana, and did not receive notice of the scheduled deposition until early October. He was informed by letter from his employer that the employer’s policy required a party to a lawsuit to use his own accrued personal/vacation time to appear in court in response to a summons or subpoena. The letter further stated that, because Defendant had only been employed there since August 2006, he did not have enough time to cover his trip to Toledo and that he would therefore be subject to the employer’s attendance policy that could result in termination of his employment. Before the date on which the deposition was scheduled, Defendant relayed this information to his attorney who, in turn, informed Plaintiffs attorney the day before the deposition was to take place of the reasons that Defendant would not be attending. Plaintiffs attorney responded that there was no information regarding Debbie Sandlin’s inability to attend and that he still expected both Debbie Sandlin and Allen Eaton to attend the deposition. Neither Defendant nor his wife attended the deposition on October 12, nor did they file a motion for a protective order.

On December 15, 2006, Defendant’s attorney filed a motion to withdraw as counsel for Defendant because of lack of cooperation. According to Defendant, he was unable to pay his attorney. On January 5, 2007, the court permitted Defendant’s attorney to withdraw as counsel of. record.

Plaintiff has again scheduled a deposition of both Defendant and his wife to be held on February 5, 2007. A Notice of Deposition was sent to Defendant and Debbie Sandlin at their Indiana address on January 5, 2007. Plaintiff did not, however, serve a subpoena on Debbie Sandlin to attend the deposition scheduled on February 5, nor did he serve her with a subpoena to attend either of the two previous depositions scheduled on June 7 and October 12, 2006. In his response to Plaintiffs motion to compel, Defendant states that he will not be able to attend the February 5 deposition or any future depositions since his family’s only vehicle in not running due to engine problems that he cannot afford to have repaired.

Plaintiffs motion seeks a default judgment against Defendant due to his failure to attend the depositions scheduled on June 7 and October 12, 2006. Alternatively, Plaintiff seeks an order compelling the attendance of both Defendant and Debbie Sandlin at the scheduled February 5, 2007, deposition and awarding Plaintiff the cost of the October 12, 2006, deposition in the amount of $63.50 and attorney fees in the amount of $450.00.

ANALYSIS

If a party fails to appear for a deposition after being served with a proper notice, the court “may make such orders in regard to the failure as are just,” including an order of default judgment against the disobedient party. Fed.R.Civ.P. 37(b)(2)(C) and (d); Fed. R. Bankr.P. 7037. Rule 37(d) further provides:

In lieu of any order or in addition thereto, the court shall require the party failing to act ... to pay the reasonable expenses, including attorney’s fees, caused by the failure unless the court finds that the failure was substantially justified or that other circumstances make an award of expenses unjust.
The failure to act described in this subdivision may not be excused on the ground that the discovery sought is objectionable unless the party failing to act has a pending motion for a protective order.

Fed.R.Civ.P. 37(d).

In this case, Defendant was served with a proper notice of, but failed [664]*664to attend, the deposition scheduled on October 12, 2006. Defendant did not file a motion for protective order. He did, however, notify his attorney that he could not attend the deposition on the scheduled date without risking termination from his employment and that he would therefore not attend. Plaintiffs counsel was informed of that fact on October 11, 2006, but did not cancel the deposition, believing Debbie Sandlin was still required to attend. Debbie Sandlin, however, is not a party in this adversary proceeding. While Rule 30 permits a party to take deposition testimony of “any person,” mere notice of the deposition is insufficient to compel the attendance of a person not a party; a subpoena is required. See, e.g., El Salto, S.A. v. Greenberg, 444 F.2d 477, 484 (9th Cir.1971); Amway Corp. v. Nartron Corp., Case No. 1:92CV 156, 1992 WL 478099 (W.D.Mich.1992); Fed. R. Bankr.P. 9016; Fed.R.Civ.P. 45. Plaintiff did not serve Ms. Sandlin with a subpoena to attend the October 12 deposition. Given the prior notice to Plaintiffs counsel that Defendant would not be able to attend the deposition and the fact that Ms. Sandlin was not subpoenaed to attend, the court declines to award the costs and attorney fees incurred by Plaintiff in connection with the scheduled October 12 deposition.

The court also finds that granting a default judgment against Defendant as a sanction for his failure to attend the deposition is unnecessarily harsh and is not warranted under the circumstances presented at this time.

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Bluebook (online)
359 B.R. 661, 2007 Bankr. LEXIS 321, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/farmers-merchants-state-bank-v-eaton-in-re-eaton-ohnb-2007.