Falgoust v. United States Marshals Service

539 F. Supp. 182, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12602
CourtDistrict Court, S.D. Texas
DecidedApril 12, 1982
DocketCiv. A. No. H-79-980
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 539 F. Supp. 182 (Falgoust v. United States Marshals Service) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, S.D. Texas primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Falgoust v. United States Marshals Service, 539 F. Supp. 182, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12602 (S.D. Tex. 1982).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM OPINION AND ORDER OF DISMISSAL

CIRE, District Judge.

In this case Plaintiff sought reinstatement, back pay, and other relief stemming from his discharge from the U. S. Marshals Service. Plaintiff’s claims under the Fifth Amendment were dismissed by order entered on May 1, 1981. A subsequent Fifth Circuit case, Bush v. Lucas, 647 F.2d 573 [183]*183(5th Cir. 1981), was found to be dispositive of Plaintiff’s First Amendment claims, and these claims were ordered dismissed at a chambers conference on November 9, 1981. The only remaining claim, now before the Court on cross motions for summary judgment, is brought under the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. § 701 et seq.

The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) permits judicial review of certain administrative actions which have an adverse effect on the claimant. In this case, Falgoust contends that the United States Marshals Service (USMS), a bureau of the Department of Justice, wrongfully discharged him in a procedure brought pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 7501 et seq. He claims that his removal from the USMS was not “for such cause as will promote the efficiency of the service,” 5 U.S.C. § 7513(a), and he seeks review of the final adverse decision of the Merit Systems Protection Board.

The Court’s scope of review in this type of claim is limited to determining whether the agency followed its own procedures in taking the adverse action, and whether the action was arbitrary and capricious. Smith v. United States Air Force, 566 F.2d 957 (5th Cir. 1978). The Court does not directly review the merits of the underlying action for the purpose of substituting its judgment of what will promote the efficiency of the service. Dozier v. United States, 473 F.2d 866 (5th Cir. 1973). Rather, the underlying action is considered only to the extent that it may have lacked any rational basis and hence was arbitrary and capricious. Gilbert v. Johnson, 419 F.Supp. 859 (N.D.Ga.1976).

The Plaintiff was notified by letter dated April 20, 1978, that Chief Deputy Marshal James A. Schlecht proposed to remove him from the Marshals Service for two reasons:

1) endangering the safety of personnel through carelessness or failure to follow instructions; and

2) concealment of material fact in connection with employment.

The first reason, referred to as “endangering,” was based on Plaintiff’s failure properly to use leg irons to restrain a prisoner he was transporting, which failure contributed to the prisoner’s temporary escape. The incident occurred on a busy Houston highway during rush hour; the prisoner was recaptured by the trainee deputy accompanying Falgoust. Plaintiff’s conduct, according to the Chief Deputy, violated Rule 14 of the Standard Schedule of Disciplinary Offenses and Penalties for Department of Justice Employees. Rule 14 provides for reprimand-to-removal for a first offense, and suspension-to-removal for a second offense. The Chief Deputy considered this Falgoust’s second offense, although the first offense on which the Chief Deputy relied was subsequently overturned by an appeals board.

The second reason given for the proposed action, that of “concealment,” stemmed from Falgoust’s failure to report the unsuccessful escape to the U. S. Marshal, and his instructions to the trainee not to report the incident to Falgoust’s superiors. According to Schlecht, this conduct violated Rule 22 of the Department of Justice’s Standard Schedule of Disciplinary Offenses and Penalties (the DOJ Table) as well as the similarly worded Rule 12 of the Table of Offenses outlined in the United States Marshals manual (the USMS Table). Both rules provide for reprimand to removal for a first offense.

The U. S. Marshal for this district, T. R. Coney, notified Plaintiff by letter dated July 26, 1978, that the removal would be effective July 28, 1978. The agency’s decision was affirmed by the Merit Systems Protection Board following a hearing.

Keeping in mind its limited scope of review, the Court will consider Falgoust’s various challenges to the agency action.

The Court rejects Plaintiff’s assertions that the proceedings were tainted by procedural defects. In his complaint Plaintiff alleges that Marshal Coney failed to consider Plaintiff’s reply to the charging document, in violation of applicable rules; that reliance on the subsequently overturned 15-day suspension rendered the removal invalid; that he had no knowledge of the re[184]*184quired method of handling prisoners, and thus should not be removed for failure to exercise the proper care; and that the rules and regulations with which he is charged are vague and ambiguous. The administrative record reveals that Plaintiff was afforded the full range of procedural protections to which he was entitled, and that these same contentions were considered by the agency. The Court finds no indication that the agency failed to follow its own regulations, and notes that these arguments are not pursued in Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment.

The crux of Plaintiff’s complaint is his contention that the agency’s actions were arbitrary and capricious.

He claims first that it was arbitrary and capricious to charge him with the offense of “endangering” from the DOJ Table when more appropriate charges providing for lesser penalties were contained in the USMS Table. For example, he cites USMS Offense Number 6, “Failure to use proper restraints when transporting a federal prisoner,” which provides for a 3-day suspension for a first offense and a 14-day suspension for a second offense. He also cites USMS Offense Number 8, “Attempted or successful escape of prisoner,” which provides for removal only on the second offense if the escape is attributable to a violation of USMS regulations.

While the cited charges may indeed be applicable to the facts in this case, the record does not support Plaintiff’s allegation that it was arbitrary and capricious to proceed instead under the “endangering” charge. There is a rational basis for the agency’s application of the “endangering” charge to these facts. A deputy marshal could conceivably be charged with failure to use proper restraints even if no attempted escape resulted from that failure. Similarly, attempted or successful escape may be charged if the incident occurs with no risk to other persons. The “endangering” charge is broader, more encompassing, and not unsuited to the facts of this case when viewed as a whole. The Plaintiff does not allege that application of the DOJ Table was procedurally improper, and that by applying that Table the agency violated its own regulations. His argument is that the Marshals Service arbitrarily and capriciously charged him with “endangering,” an offense carrying a stricter penalty than other arguably suitable offenses with which he could have been charged. For the reasons stated, the Court concludes that the agency’s action in this regard was not arbitrary and capricious.

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Related

Falgoust v. U.S. Marshals Service
733 F.2d 903 (Fifth Circuit, 1984)

Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
539 F. Supp. 182, 1982 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 12602, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/falgoust-v-united-states-marshals-service-txsd-1982.