Etienne v. National Auto. Ins. Co.

747 So. 2d 593, 1999 WL 415389
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedAugust 9, 1999
Docket98-1946
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 747 So. 2d 593 (Etienne v. National Auto. Ins. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Etienne v. National Auto. Ins. Co., 747 So. 2d 593, 1999 WL 415389 (La. Ct. App. 1999).

Opinion

747 So.2d 593 (1999)

Jules ETIENNE, Sr., Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
NATIONAL AUTOMOBILE INS. CO. & Carrie Sebastien, Defendants-Appellants.

No. 98-1946.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

June 23, 1999.
Clarifying Decision On Rehearing August 9, 1999.

*594 Bennett Boyd Anderson, Jr., Lafayette, for Jules Etienne, Sr.

Arthur C. Reuter, Jr., New Orleans, for National Automobile Insurance Company.

Before PETERS, AMY and GREMILLION, Judges.

AMY, Judge.

In this tort matter, the defendant law firm appeals the trial court's denial of its peremptory exceptions of prescription and no cause of action. Additionally, the defendant insurer appeals the trial court's determination that coverage was provided under the commercial automobile liability policy it issued to the law firm for the negligence of the law firm's employee. In the alternative, both defendants contend that the damages awarded the plaintiff are excessive. For the following reasons, we reverse and render judgment for the defendants.

Factual and Procedural Background

On February 11, 1994, Carrie Sebastien rear-ended the vehicle driven by Jules Etienne, Sr., the plaintiff. Plaintiff filed suit for his alleged resulting injuries on December 2, 1994, naming as defendants Ms. Sebastien and her automobile liability insurer, National Automotive Insurance Company. On February 8, 1995, Plaintiff filed his first supplemental and amending petition, in which he named American Indemnity Company as an additional defendant, alleging that it "had in full force and effect a policy of insurance insuring defendant, Carrie Sebastien, for all acts complained of." Having settled his dispute with Carrie Sebastien for the available limits of her liability policy with National Automotive Insurance Company,[1] Plaintiff filed, on March 8, 1995, a motion to dismiss with prejudice his suit against Ms. Sebastien and National Automotive only, "fully reserving all of his rights to proceed against the remaining defendant, American Indemnity Company." That motion was granted on the same date. Finally, on February 26, 1997, Plaintiff filed his second supplemental and amending petition, in which he named Morrow, Morrow, Ryan & Bassett (the law firm) as an additional defendant in the instant litigation. He alleged, as the basis of the law firm's liability, that "defendant, Carrie Sebastien, was acting in the course and scope of her employment for [the] defendant [law firm], and, accordingly, ... [the law firm] and its insurer, American Indemnity Company, are liable for acts of negligence by... Carrie Sebastien." In response, the law firm filed peremptory exceptions of prescription and no cause and/or right of action. These exceptions were denied by the trial court on August 27, 1997. After trial on the merits, the trial court made the following factual findings:

Carrie Sebastien, the driver of the other vehicle[,] was the sole cause of the February 11, 1994 accident. At the time of the accident Ms. Sebastien was within the course and scope of the employment with Morrow, Morrow, Ryan and Bassett.
On February 11, 1994 American Indemnity Company had in full force and effect a policy of liability insurance with policy limits of $1,000,000.00 with Morrow, Morrow, Ryan and Bassett as its named insured.

The court awarded Plaintiff $18,000.00 in general damages, $7,661.20 in lost wages, and $8,203.65 in past medical expenses. That award was subject to a credit of $6,666,.66, which amount Plaintiff had previously received in settlement of his claims against Ms. Sebastien and her automobile liability insurer. Defendants appeal that judgment, presenting the following assignments of error for our review:

*595 1. The Trial Court erred in failing to grant defendant's Morrow, Morrow, Ryan and Bassett's, Peremptory Exceptions of Prescription and No Cause of Action.
2. The Trial Court erred in finding coverage under American Indemnity's policy for any negligence attributable to Carrie Sebastien.
3. The Trial Court erred in the amount of damages awarded plaintiff, Jules Etienne, Sr.

Discussion

In support of its position that any claim against it has prescribed, the law firm urges that Plaintiffs "dismissal of all claims against Sebastien with prejudice destroyed any solidary liability which may have existed between Sebastien and [the law firm.]" Accordingly, the law firm contends that Plaintiffs claim against it, made more than three years after the date of the accident, is untimely. However, Plaintiff asserts that the law firm and its auto liability insurer, American Indemnity, are solidary obligors, and that the timely suit against the insurer interrupted prescription as to the law firm, the named insured. Plaintiff also urges that the amendment of the petition to add the law firm as a defendant "relates back"[2] to the timely filed petition.

Upon review, we do not find any of these arguments germane to the instant matter. Rather, we find that appropriate resolution of this case depends upon the interpretation of our direct action statute, La.R.S. 22:655(B)(1), which provides as follows:

The injured person or his or her survivors or heirs mentioned in Subsection A, at their option, shall have a right of direct action against the insurer within the terms and limits of the policy; and, such action may be brought against the insurer alone, or against both the insured and insurer jointly and in solido, in the parish in which the accident or injury occurred or in the parish in which an action could be brought against either the insured or the insurer under the general rules of venue prescribed by Code of Civil Procedure Art. 42 only. However, such action may be brought against the insurer alone only when:
(a) The insured has been adjudged a bankrupt by a court of competent jurisdiction or when proceedings to adjudge an insured a bankrupt have been commenced before a court of competent jurisdiction;
(b) The insured is insolvent;
(c) Service of citation or other process cannot be made on the insured;
(d) When the cause of action is for damages as a result of an offense or quasi-offense between children and their parents or between married persons;
(e) When the insurer is an uninsured motorist carrier; or
(f) The insured is deceased.

The direct action statute was amended by Acts 1989, No. 117, § 2 and Acts 1992, No. 584, § 1. Prior to those amendments, a plaintiff could bring suit against the insurer alone without qualification. Jurisprudence interpreting prior law held that the insured was not required to be named as a party to the suit. See e.g., Johnson v. St. Paul Mercury Ins. Co., 218 So.2d 375 (La. App. 2 Cir.), writ granted, 253 La. 872, 220 So.2d 457 (1969), reversed on other grounds, 256 La. 289, 236 So.2d 216 (La. 1970). Under the current version of the statute, however, suit may be brought against the insurer alone only in the limited circumstances enumerated by the statute. See Dubuclet v. St. Paul Fire & *596 Marine Ins., 94-0708 (La.App. 4 Cir. 12/15/94); 647 So.2d 1344, 1347 n. 1.

Here, suit was brought against the insurer on February 8, 1995, within the applicable one-year prescriptive period. However, for the purposes of the present context, that suit was brought against the insurer alone.

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747 So. 2d 593, 1999 WL 415389, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/etienne-v-national-auto-ins-co-lactapp-1999.