Entergy Mississippi, Inc. v. Robinson

777 So. 2d 53, 2000 Miss. App. LEXIS 580, 1999 WL 33236971
CourtCourt of Appeals of Mississippi
DecidedDecember 12, 2000
Docket1999-WC-01057-COA
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 777 So. 2d 53 (Entergy Mississippi, Inc. v. Robinson) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Appeals of Mississippi primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Entergy Mississippi, Inc. v. Robinson, 777 So. 2d 53, 2000 Miss. App. LEXIS 580, 1999 WL 33236971 (Mich. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

777 So.2d 53 (2000)

ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, INC., Appellant,
v.
Ricky L. ROBINSON, Appellee.

No. 1999-WC-01057-COA.

Court of Appeals of Mississippi.

December 12, 2000.

Andrew D. Sweat, Alan C. Goodman, Jackson, Attorneys for Appellant.

Roger K. Doolittle, Jackson, Attorney for Appellee.

EN BANC.

*54 McMILLIN, C.J., for the Court:

¶ 1. This case originated before the Mississippi Workers' Compensation Commission, which awarded Ricky L. Robinson compensation based upon a finding that he had suffered a job-related injury that left him permanently partially disabled. Entergy, Robinson's employer, appealed that decision without success to the Circuit Court of Hinds County, and now brings the matter before this Court. Entergy does not dispute the fact that Robinson was injured in the course of his employment. Rather, the company raises two basic issues for decision. The first involves the question of whether Robinson met his burden of showing a permanent decrease in his wage earning capacity traceable to his injury. The second issue, raised in the alternative since it begins with the assumption that Robinson proved some decreased wage earning capacity traceable to the accident, is whether the Commission erred in not apportioning his disability between the after-effects of the job injury and Robinson's previous injuries similar in nature received in a series of non-work-related incidents. We conclude that the Commission applied an incorrect legal standard in determining that Robinson had carried his burden of proof, which requires that we reverse and remand this case to the Commission for further appropriate proceedings. In light of the fact that there are to be further proceedings on the claim, we find it necessary to also address the issue of the Commission's failure to apportion.

I.

Facts

¶ 2. Robinson worked as a meter reader for Entergy. He had a long history of back problems that apparently originated with a non-work-related accident on a riding mower in 1983. His condition was aggravated, according to his medical records, by two subsequent motor vehicle accidents, neither of which was work-related and the last of which occurred in approximately August 1993. Even before this second accident, his treating physician was concerned that, unless his condition improved, it could force him to discontinue his work with Entergy. Ultimately, in January 1994, the physician authorized Robinson to return to his work since Robinson reported to him that his employer was "willing to be a little bit lenient with him" in performing the duties of his work. Robinson himself testified that Entergy changed the nature of his work from one requiring extensive walking to one involving "doing service work," which he admitted caused less pain to his back. At that point, Robinson's treating physician concluded that Robinson was suffering from a ten percent disability to the body as a whole.

¶ 3. Then, on December 14, 1994, Robinson was involved in yet another vehicle accident, this one being while he was in the course of his employment with Entergy. Medical records indicate that he presented himself to the same physician complaining of back pain radiating down into his lower extremities. An MRI revealed no marked physical change in his condition other than "minimal degenerative changes which are unchanged from a year ago." Robinson continued to complain of back pain and his treating physician suggested the possibility of further surgical intervention, but released him to light duty work while Robinson considered whether he desired surgery or not. Approximately seven months later, Robinson informed the treating physician that he would not consider surgery. The physician at that point assigned Robinson a partial permanent impairment rating of fifteen percent to the body as a whole arising out of back condition.

¶ 4. Though released to light duty work in January 1996, Robinson did not return to his former position at Entergy because that position, as well as all other meter reader positions, had been eliminated during the period of Robinson's convalescence. This was done in accordance with a company *55 policy decision announced prior to Robinson's injury to contract for those services with third-party independent contractors. Further, Robinson made no effort to obtain alternative employment from January 1996 until July 28, 1997—a time shortly prior to the scheduled hearing date in this proceeding.

¶ 5. On this evidence, the Commission concluded that "[i]t is clear that the claimant has suffered a permanent medical impairment of 15 per cent to his body as a whole as a result of the injury in question." (emphasis supplied). The Commission further found that Robinson's wageearning capacity had been reduced in the amount of $300 per week and awarded permanent partial disability benefits under Section 71-3-17 of the Mississippi Code accordingly.

II.

Issue One: Disability

¶ 6. The burden of proof lies with the claimant to demonstrate that he has, in fact, suffered a disability within the meaning of the workers' compensation statutes. The statute defines "disability" to mean "incapacity because of injury to earn the wages which the employee was receiving at the time of injury in the same or other employment...." Miss.Code Ann. § 71-3-3(i) (Rev.2000). Case law has long held that, in order to meet that burden, it is an integral part of the claimant's proof that he show (a) an inability to resume his former work, and (b) the effort he has made to seek employment in another or different trade for which he might be suited. Sardis Luggage Co. v. Wilson, 374 So.2d 826, 828 (Miss.1979).

¶ 7. In this case, the Commission excused Robinson's nineteen-month long period of inactivity in searching for alternate employment on the basis that Entergy's failure to return Robinson to his former employment was sufficient proof of the existence of his disability. The Commission cited as primary authority for that position the case of Marshall Durbin, Inc. v. Hall, 490 So.2d 877 (Miss.1986). In that case, the Mississippi Supreme Court, in an admittedly "caustic comment," took Marshall Durbin to task for not rehiring Hall when he was anxious to return to work. Id. at 880. The court noted that Hall had expressed a desire to return to work but that Marshall Durbin had refused to rehire him, while at the same time arguing to the Commission that Hall's own expressed desire to return to work was adequate proof that he was not suffering from any disability. Id. Calling that position a "cynical argument," the court went on to say that "the most persuasive evidence present [of Hall's disability] is Durbin's refusal to reemploy Hall." Id. at 880-81. However, despite its evident disdain for Marshall Durbin's argument, the supreme court still did not find the refusal to rehire, standing alone, to be conclusive; rather, the court went on to say that this evidence,

[w]hen coupled with Hall's testimony regarding his own disability, his various good faith but unsuccessful efforts to obtain employment and the medical testimony of Dr. Lynch, the evidence in support of the Commission's finding is not only substantial but overwhelming.

Id. at 881 (emphasis supplied).

¶ 8. Aside from the fact that Marshall Durbin

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Bluebook (online)
777 So. 2d 53, 2000 Miss. App. LEXIS 580, 1999 WL 33236971, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/entergy-mississippi-inc-v-robinson-missctapp-2000.