Empire of America Realty Credit Corp. v. Mancine

656 A.2d 66, 280 N.J. Super. 617, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 612
CourtNew Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division
DecidedNovember 4, 1994
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 656 A.2d 66 (Empire of America Realty Credit Corp. v. Mancine) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New Jersey Superior Court Appellate Division primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Empire of America Realty Credit Corp. v. Mancine, 656 A.2d 66, 280 N.J. Super. 617, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 612 (N.J. Ct. App. 1994).

Opinion

OPINION

DAVIS, P.J.Ch.

American General Finance, Inc. (American), the movant and defendant-second mortgagee, requests this court to vacate the sheriffs sale and thereby prevent the delivery of a sheriffs deed to the successful bidder because the sale was held at a time not permitted by statute. This motion raises a question not previously addressed in any reported decision of any court. That question is whether the sheriff of any county has the authority to conduct a sale prior to 12:00 noon, which time has been legislatively set as the earliest time that sheriff sales are to be conducted. It is the opinion of this court that a sheriff does not have the authority to change that which the legislature has mandated. All sheriff sales must be conducted between the hours of 12:00 noon and 5:00 p.m. N.J.S.A. 2A:61-4.

FACTS

Empire of America Realty Credit Corp., (Empire), as the foreclosing first mortgagee, proceeded with its writ of execution, publication and request of the sheriff to sell the property in question.

[619]*619Empire, through its attorney, sent to American a copy of the proposed newspaper notice, presumably after obtaining the date and hour for the sale from the sheriff. This notice stated that the sale was to be held at 2:00 p.m. on a date not now important because the sale was adjourned. As a result of receiving this notice from the first mortgagee, American had the property appraised and proceeded to make the necessary arrangements to bid at the sale to protect its interest. The appraisal obtained was in the amount of $97,500. The first mortgagee’s upset price was $52,771.83. American averred that it was prepared to bid to $85,000.

Shortly before the first published sale date, American called Empire to ascertain whether there had been an adjournment. Empire advised American that the sale had been adjourned to October 21,1994. No mention was made as to the time. Shortly before the adjourned sale date American called the sheriffs office to ascertain whether the sale had again been adjourned. America was advised that the sale would go forward.

On the adjourned date, American proceeded from Springfield, New Jersey to Camden, New Jersey, a distance which would take approximately two hours. American arrived shortly before 2:00 p.m., the time Empire had first advised as the time for the sale. After American made its presence known to the sheriff, the sheriff advised American that the sale was conducted at 11:00 a.m., the time set forth in the newspaper publication. American showed the sheriff the copy of the proposed publication sent to it by the first mortgagee which clearly showed 2:00 p.m. as the scheduled time. The sheriff located his file which disclosed a different publication with the time set as 11:00 a.m. This notice had been published once each week for four successive weeks. The sheriff opined that the first mortgagee sent American a draft which was subsequently changed. American made known its objection and filed this motion. It should be noted that American never made any further inquiry concerning the time for the sale after receiving the first notice. It should also be noted that neither Empire or the sheriff [620]*620advised American of the time for the sale when inquiry was made regarding adjournments.

The successful bidders at the sale, Ross M. and Rose M. Gigliotti, having bid $56,000, contend that even if it is found that the sheriff violated the statute, this court should not declare the sale as void as against them because they are bona fide purchasers for value and the equities as between them and American preponderate in their favor. Empire took no position, the amount obtained at the sale being sufficient to satisfy the debt.

ANALYSIS

The statutory requirement of conducting sheriff sales between the hours of 12:00 noon and 5:00 p.m. has been in existence for well over a century. See Brown v. Farley, et al., 4 A.79, 81 (N.J.Ch.1886) wherein the Vice Chancellor stated that “the sheriff had the same right to sell at the hour of half past 12 as at any other between 12 and 5, the statutory limits.” Today’s statute N.J.S.A. 2A:61-4, reads, in relevant part, as follows:

Any officer or person mentioned in Section 2A:61-1 of this title, making a sale of real estate governed by this chapter, shall, at the time and place appointed therefor, between the hours of 12 and 5 in the afternoon ... sell such real estate at public venue to the highest bidder.

The requirement regarding the hours for sheriff sales has been the law since 1877. Although the statute has been amended in the years 1887,1898, 1912,1930 and 1933, at no time did the Legislature change the hours for conducting sales. Therefore, it must be concluded that this requirement is well embedded in our law and should only be modified by the legislature.

The requirement of sheriffs to conduct sales between the statutorily prescribed time periods leaves no discernible discretion in them. As such, the requirement is compulsory, although ministerial in nature, and the sheriffs act solely by virtue of the statutory authority conferred. See Raniere v. I & M Invs., Inc., 159 N.J.Super. 329, 336, 387 A.2d 1254 (Ch.Div.1978), aff'd, 172 N.J.Super. 206, 411 A.2d 719 (App.Div.), certif. denied, 84 N.J. [621]*621473, 420 A.2d 1298 (1980). It is the opinion of this court that the departure from this legislative command is material and, as such, renders the sale void, not merely voidable. If that which precedes the actual sale is illegal, such as scheduling it outside of the legislatively permissible time period, the resultant sale must be declared a nullity. A parallel rationale may be found in the law regarding executions. 5A Thompson on Real Property, § 2751 (1959 and Supp.1977) and 30 Am.Jur.2d Executions, § 32 (1967 and Supp.1977). See also §§ 310, 434 (1967 and Supp.1977) where it has been stated that this result subsists even in the face of a good faith purchaser.

As previously stated, the successful bidders at the sale contended that notwithstanding the dereliction of the sheriff, their position as good faith purchasers should render the sale voidable, not void per se and that the existing equities favor them, when compared with any relating to American, which did not attend the sale at the time duly published in the newspaper on four occasions.

The rule is now well settled that the subsequent legal title to land, in order to prevail over a prior equitable title, must not only have been acquired in good faith and without notice of the prior equity, but must also be founded upon an original or presently moving consideration of value. Bajek v. Polack, 120 N.J.Eq., 104, 108, 184 A. 212 (Ch.1936), (citing Mingus v. Condit, 23 N.J.Eq. 313 (Ch.1873)).

With regard to the latter element, it is undisputed that the bidders obligated themselves to pay to the sheriff of Camden County the sum of $56,000, which represents their bid and the resulting valuable consideration for the property. There is also no question that the bidders submitted their bid in good faith; that is, they intended to purchase the property.

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Bluebook (online)
656 A.2d 66, 280 N.J. Super. 617, 1994 N.J. Super. LEXIS 612, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/empire-of-america-realty-credit-corp-v-mancine-njsuperctappdiv-1994.