E.J.L. v. K.L.L.

38 Misc. 3d 389
CourtNew York Supreme Court
DecidedMarch 16, 2012
StatusPublished
Cited by2 cases

This text of 38 Misc. 3d 389 (E.J.L. v. K.L.L.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering New York Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
E.J.L. v. K.L.L., 38 Misc. 3d 389 (N.Y. Super. Ct. 2012).

Opinion

OPINION OF THE COURT

Richard A. Dollinger, J.

In this case, the defendant wife seeks an award of temporary maintenance under the recently enacted temporary maintenance statute (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5-a]), and counsel fees. The parties are living apart and provide for their [391]*391two children pursuant to a custody and support agreement, dated February 10, 2011. The agreement dictates joint custody of the children and requires the husband to pay $11,700 a year to the wife for child support.

The Finances of the Husband and Wife

The husband and wife each submitted a statement of net worth. In 2010, the wife earned $23,442 and the husband earned $83,564. While there is no dispute regarding their respective incomes, the parties disagree regarding their expenses. According to the husband’s application, the wife lists monthly expenses of $2,587 or annual expenses of $31,044. He notes that the wife’s expense list includes $150 per month for birthday parties, a fact that he suggests indicates that the wife has overstated her expenses. He also notes that the wife lists “extracurricular s” as expenses, when the agreement requires him to pay those expenses without contribution from the wife. The husband argues that when the $11,700 in child support is added to the wife’s available resources, they exceed her stated necessary expenses. He also argues that the wife left the marital residence to establish her own household prior to the filing of the divorce, creating additional costs, and causing financial consequences for herself. He implies that these are expenses that he should not have to pay for through temporary maintenance.

The husband asserts that the marital assets are devoid of any significant equity. It is undisputed that the assets — including the marital residence — are encumbered by loans that exceed their fair market value. According to the husband, the wife, by being released from these assets in a final settlement will receive “another windfall in the form of not being required to pay the loss if the items were sold at their current market value.” The husband argues that because he will be required to liquidate their joint debts, he will suffer further economically because he is paying for goods that have no value. The husband adds that the only asset with any real value is his retirement account which will be subject to a Majauskas distribution. (See Majauskas v Majauskas, 61 NY2d 481 [1984].)

Under these circumstances, the husband asks this court to deviate from the standards established under Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5-a) and makes three arguments. First, he claims that his annual financial needs, as detailed in his state[392]*392ment of net worth, are $62,955 per year.1 If he pays $11,700 in child support, deducts his income and other payroll taxes, and pays any significant temporary maintenance — even if it is much less than the presumptive amount dictated by the new temporary maintenance guidelines — the husband will be unable to meet his expenses and be forced to sell the marital residence. Second, he argues that if he pays his payroll taxes, his child support, and the presumptive amount of temporary maintenance, he will no longer be the “monied spouse” and his wife will have more available resources despite the fact that she earns $60,000 less annually than her husband. Third, he claims that this income shift will give the wife substantially more income than she claims is necessary to pay her annual living expenses.

The wife argues that the husband received a deviation on his child support obligations under the agreement, and alleges that he invested $8,900 in his retirement account while at the same time claiming he is unable to pay temporary maintenance. The wife points out that she moved out of the marital residence into an apartment and reduced her standard of living. She argues that this “attempt to live within her means does not disqualify her from being entitled to receive maintenance to maintain the standard of living” she had during the marriage. She adds: “That is precisely why the statute was written and why it has specific standards similar to the Child Support Standards Act, so the court can avoid making random case by case decisions with respect to everybody’s alleged income and alleged expenses in determining child support or maintenance.” The wife also argues that the husband, by deducting his income taxes from his available income, acts in derogation of the standards because the maintenance payments are tax deductible.

Both the parties dispute the method for calculating the temporary maintenance. Using the temporary guidelines in Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5-a) (e) (1), the wife calculates the temporary maintenance at $19,349.60 annually ($1,612.47 [393]*393monthly). The husband calculates the temporary maintenance at $17,867 annually.

The Temporary Maintenance Statute

The new statute “shifts the award of temporary maintenance from a needs-based/status quo analysis to an income-based analysis.” (Report of New York City Bar Association to New York State Law Revision Commission, Appendix B, Proposed Amendments and Comments to Temporary Maintenance Guidelines at 3 n 4 [Oct. 2011].) Domestic Relations Law § 236 (B) (5-a) (e) (1) states that “[t]he court shall order the presumptive award of temporary maintenance in accordance with paragraphs c and d of this subdivision, unless the court finds that the presumptive award is unjust or inappropriate and adjusts the presumptive award of temporary maintenance accordingly based upon consideration of . . . factors.”

The statute implements an interesting sequence of language. In its definition section, the statute refers to “guideline amount of temporary maintenance.” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5-a] [b] [6].) The definition of “presumptive award” incorporates the “guideline amount of the temporary maintenance award . . . prior to the court’s application of any adjustment.” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5-a] [b] [8].) Therefore, when the statute requires this court to “order the presumptive award of temporary maintenance,” the only requirement is to implement the “guideline amount” as set forth in the formula. (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [5-a] [e] [1].) When read in concert with each other, these phrases suggest that the “guideline” is simply that: a precept that can be reviewed by the court to determine whether it is “unjust or inappropriate.”

A review of the legislative history supports this rationale. In the Senate sponsor’s memorandum, the drafters indicated:

“This measure would create numerical guidelines for calculating the presumptive amount of the temporary maintenance awards with deviation factors to be employed by the court in its discretion where the presumptive amount of the award is unjust or inappropriate. These deviation factors include a catch-all ‘any other factor’ that the court may apply if it chooses to adjust the presumed award. The numerical guidelines proposed in this measure are similar to the recommendations of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers based [394]*394on their study of approaches in numerous jurisdictions across the country.” (Senate Introducer Mem in Support of 2008 NY Senate Bill S8390, codified as L 2010, ch 371.)

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Bluebook (online)
38 Misc. 3d 389, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ejl-v-kll-nysupct-2012.