1 2 3 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6 7 EDWARD DWANYE LACY, et al., Case No. 25-cv-06256-HSG
8 Plaintiffs, ORDER DECLINING REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION AND 9 v. DISMISSING CASE
10 SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, Re: Dkt. No. 18 et al., 11 Defendants. 12 13 I. REPORT & RECOMMENDATION 14 Plaintiffs Edward Dwayne Lacy and Xavier Dwayne Lacy initially filed a complaint in 15 July 2025 and an application for leave to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”). Dkt. Nos. 1, 3, 5. 16 Magistrate Judge Alex G. Tse granted the IFP application but found that Plaintiffs’ complaint 17 failed to state a claim on which relief may be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e). Dkt. Nos. 18 7, 8. Plaintiffs were given the opportunity to file an amended complaint to address these 19 deficiencies by September 19, 2025. Dkt. No. 8. 20 Plaintiffs did not file an amended complaint by this September 19 deadline. Instead, they 21 filed a case management statement on September 8 and a motion for entry of default on September 22 11, 2025.1 Dkt. Nos. 12, 13. Plaintiffs also requested an extension of time to serve Defendants. 23 Dkt. No. 15. Even liberally construed, none of these documents address the deficiencies that 24 Judge Tse identified with Plaintiffs’ initial complaint. In the case management statement, for 25 example, Plaintiffs only briefly note that their case involves “excessive force during arrest,” the 26
27 1 The Clerk’s Office denied the entry of default because the summons had not yet been returned as 1 Fourth Amendment, and 42 U.S.C. § 1983. See Dkt. No. 12 at 1. 2 On November 3, 2025, over a month after the original deadline to amend, Plaintiffs filed 3 what they suggest is the first amended complaint (“FAC”). See Dkt. No. 20; see also Dkt. No. 22 4 (objection to report and recommendation identifying “Dkt. #20 [as] my amended [complaint] to be 5 filed and served by the US marshal . . . .”). However, Plaintiffs’ filings were not entered on the 6 docket until November 5, 2025. As a result of this delay, before these documents were entered on 7 the docket, Judge Tse issued a report and recommendation that the Court dismiss Plaintiffs’ 8 complaint for failure to state a claim based on the original complaint. Dkt. No. 18. Plaintiffs 9 objected to the report and recommendation. Dkt. No. 22. They suggest that the Clerk’s Office 10 failed to properly identify their documents as an amended complaint, and that Judge Tse’s 11 recommendation is thus unfair. See id. Because Judge Tse did not have an opportunity to review 12 Plaintiffs’ (untimely) amended complaint, the Court DECLINES to adopt the report and 13 recommendation. Dkt. No. 18. 14 II. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) SCREENING ORDER 15 Despite declining to adopt Judge Tse’s report and recommendation, the Court must still 16 consider whether Plaintiffs have failed to state a claim such that their case should be dismissed. 17 A. Legal Standard 18 “The standard for determining whether a plaintiff has failed to state a claim upon which 19 relief can be granted under § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) is the same as the Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 20 12(b)(6) standard for failure to state a claim.” Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 21 2012) (citing Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1127–31 (9th Cir. 2000)). The complaint must 22 include a “short and plain statement,” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2), and “sufficient factual matter, 23 accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 24 662, 678 (2009) (quotation omitted). Plaintiffs must provide the grounds that entitle them to 25 relief. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007). Because Plaintiffs are pro se, the 26 Court construes the complaint liberally and affords them the benefit of any doubt. See Karim- 27 Panahi v. L.A. Police Dep’t, 839 F.2d 621, 623 (9th Cir. 1988); cf. Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(e) (“Pleadings 1 allegations that are merely conclusory, unwarranted deductions of fact, or unreasonable inferences. 2 Sprewell v. Golden State Warriors, 266 F.3d 979, 988 (9th Cir. 2001). 3 B. Discussion 4 As noted above, Plaintiffs suggest that they amended the complaint such that their case 5 should not be dismissed. See Dkt. No. 22. On November 3, 2025, Plaintiffs filed a document that 6 appears to be the U.S. Marshals Service Form USM-285, with the “Oakland FBI” listed as the 7 Defendant. See Dkt. No. 20. On November 4, 2025, Plaintiffs filed another Form USM-285, this 8 time with the “Oakland Police Department” listed as the Defendant. See Dkt. No. 21. Attached to 9 these forms is a copy of the original complaint, file stamped July 16, 2025. See Dkt. Nos. 20, 21. 10 This complaint does not appear to be revised or amended in any way. Compare Dkt. No. 1, with 11 Dkt. No. 20 and Dkt. No. 21. Although there are some handwritten notations, these existed on the 12 original version of the complaint as well. See id. Although Plaintiffs suggest that these should be 13 construed as amended complaints, Dkt. No. 22, they do not explain how they amended the 14 complaint. 15 As best the Court can discern, and as before, Plaintiffs’ case appears based on an incident 16 that occurred in April 2013 at the Social Security Administration office in Hayward, California. 17 See Dkt. No. 20 at 3–8 (¶¶ 6–42). According to Plaintiffs, Social Security Administration 18 employees verbally harassed and threatened Plaintiff Ed Lacy as he was attempting to pick up 19 benefits from himself and his son, Plaintiff Xavier Lacy. Id. Plaintiffs called the Hayward Police 20 Department, but before they arrived a guard on duty forcibly handcuffed and pepper sprayed 21 Plaintiff Ed Lacy in front of his son. Id. When the police finally arrived, Plaintiffs state that they 22 placed a second pair of handcuffs on Plaintiff Ed Lacy. Id. Plaintiffs complained about the 23 incident to, among others, the Hayward Police Department and the Alameda County District 24 Attorney’s Office, who did nothing in response. Id. Plaintiffs list causes of action under the 25 Fourth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment, as well as several violations of state laws. See 26 id. at 8–14 (¶¶ 43–81). 27 In his screening order, Judge Tse explained that Plaintiffs’ Fourth Amendment claim under 1 likely time-barred. See Dkt. No. 8 at 2–3 (noting two-year statute of limitations for Bivens claim 2 in California) (citing Strum v. Lawn, 940 F.2d 406, 410 (9th Cir. 1991); Cal. Civ. Proc. Code 3 § 335.1). He stated that any amended complaint should explain why the claim is not time-barred. 4 Id. at 3. As to Plaintiffs’ other claims, Judge Tse explained that Plaintiffs do not specify which 5 Defendants are implicated or what they are alleged to have done. See id. at 3–4. Judge Tse 6 instructed Plaintiffs that “[i]n any amended complaint, Plaintiffs must do their best to include 7 (1) the identity of each defendant, (2) the conduct that each defendant is allegedly liable for, and 8 (3) the legal claim or claims against each defendant.” See id. at 4.
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1 2 3 4 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 5 NORTHERN DISTRICT OF CALIFORNIA 6 7 EDWARD DWANYE LACY, et al., Case No. 25-cv-06256-HSG
8 Plaintiffs, ORDER DECLINING REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION AND 9 v. DISMISSING CASE
10 SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, Re: Dkt. No. 18 et al., 11 Defendants. 12 13 I. REPORT & RECOMMENDATION 14 Plaintiffs Edward Dwayne Lacy and Xavier Dwayne Lacy initially filed a complaint in 15 July 2025 and an application for leave to proceed in forma pauperis (“IFP”). Dkt. Nos. 1, 3, 5. 16 Magistrate Judge Alex G. Tse granted the IFP application but found that Plaintiffs’ complaint 17 failed to state a claim on which relief may be granted pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e). Dkt. Nos. 18 7, 8. Plaintiffs were given the opportunity to file an amended complaint to address these 19 deficiencies by September 19, 2025. Dkt. No. 8. 20 Plaintiffs did not file an amended complaint by this September 19 deadline. Instead, they 21 filed a case management statement on September 8 and a motion for entry of default on September 22 11, 2025.1 Dkt. Nos. 12, 13. Plaintiffs also requested an extension of time to serve Defendants. 23 Dkt. No. 15. Even liberally construed, none of these documents address the deficiencies that 24 Judge Tse identified with Plaintiffs’ initial complaint. In the case management statement, for 25 example, Plaintiffs only briefly note that their case involves “excessive force during arrest,” the 26
27 1 The Clerk’s Office denied the entry of default because the summons had not yet been returned as 1 Fourth Amendment, and 42 U.S.C. § 1983. See Dkt. No. 12 at 1. 2 On November 3, 2025, over a month after the original deadline to amend, Plaintiffs filed 3 what they suggest is the first amended complaint (“FAC”). See Dkt. No. 20; see also Dkt. No. 22 4 (objection to report and recommendation identifying “Dkt. #20 [as] my amended [complaint] to be 5 filed and served by the US marshal . . . .”). However, Plaintiffs’ filings were not entered on the 6 docket until November 5, 2025. As a result of this delay, before these documents were entered on 7 the docket, Judge Tse issued a report and recommendation that the Court dismiss Plaintiffs’ 8 complaint for failure to state a claim based on the original complaint. Dkt. No. 18. Plaintiffs 9 objected to the report and recommendation. Dkt. No. 22. They suggest that the Clerk’s Office 10 failed to properly identify their documents as an amended complaint, and that Judge Tse’s 11 recommendation is thus unfair. See id. Because Judge Tse did not have an opportunity to review 12 Plaintiffs’ (untimely) amended complaint, the Court DECLINES to adopt the report and 13 recommendation. Dkt. No. 18. 14 II. 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) SCREENING ORDER 15 Despite declining to adopt Judge Tse’s report and recommendation, the Court must still 16 consider whether Plaintiffs have failed to state a claim such that their case should be dismissed. 17 A. Legal Standard 18 “The standard for determining whether a plaintiff has failed to state a claim upon which 19 relief can be granted under § 1915(e)(2)(B)(ii) is the same as the Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 20 12(b)(6) standard for failure to state a claim.” Watison v. Carter, 668 F.3d 1108, 1112 (9th Cir. 21 2012) (citing Lopez v. Smith, 203 F.3d 1122, 1127–31 (9th Cir. 2000)). The complaint must 22 include a “short and plain statement,” Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2), and “sufficient factual matter, 23 accepted as true, to state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face.” Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 24 662, 678 (2009) (quotation omitted). Plaintiffs must provide the grounds that entitle them to 25 relief. Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 555 (2007). Because Plaintiffs are pro se, the 26 Court construes the complaint liberally and affords them the benefit of any doubt. See Karim- 27 Panahi v. L.A. Police Dep’t, 839 F.2d 621, 623 (9th Cir. 1988); cf. Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(e) (“Pleadings 1 allegations that are merely conclusory, unwarranted deductions of fact, or unreasonable inferences. 2 Sprewell v. Golden State Warriors, 266 F.3d 979, 988 (9th Cir. 2001). 3 B. Discussion 4 As noted above, Plaintiffs suggest that they amended the complaint such that their case 5 should not be dismissed. See Dkt. No. 22. On November 3, 2025, Plaintiffs filed a document that 6 appears to be the U.S. Marshals Service Form USM-285, with the “Oakland FBI” listed as the 7 Defendant. See Dkt. No. 20. On November 4, 2025, Plaintiffs filed another Form USM-285, this 8 time with the “Oakland Police Department” listed as the Defendant. See Dkt. No. 21. Attached to 9 these forms is a copy of the original complaint, file stamped July 16, 2025. See Dkt. Nos. 20, 21. 10 This complaint does not appear to be revised or amended in any way. Compare Dkt. No. 1, with 11 Dkt. No. 20 and Dkt. No. 21. Although there are some handwritten notations, these existed on the 12 original version of the complaint as well. See id. Although Plaintiffs suggest that these should be 13 construed as amended complaints, Dkt. No. 22, they do not explain how they amended the 14 complaint. 15 As best the Court can discern, and as before, Plaintiffs’ case appears based on an incident 16 that occurred in April 2013 at the Social Security Administration office in Hayward, California. 17 See Dkt. No. 20 at 3–8 (¶¶ 6–42). According to Plaintiffs, Social Security Administration 18 employees verbally harassed and threatened Plaintiff Ed Lacy as he was attempting to pick up 19 benefits from himself and his son, Plaintiff Xavier Lacy. Id. Plaintiffs called the Hayward Police 20 Department, but before they arrived a guard on duty forcibly handcuffed and pepper sprayed 21 Plaintiff Ed Lacy in front of his son. Id. When the police finally arrived, Plaintiffs state that they 22 placed a second pair of handcuffs on Plaintiff Ed Lacy. Id. Plaintiffs complained about the 23 incident to, among others, the Hayward Police Department and the Alameda County District 24 Attorney’s Office, who did nothing in response. Id. Plaintiffs list causes of action under the 25 Fourth Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment, as well as several violations of state laws. See 26 id. at 8–14 (¶¶ 43–81). 27 In his screening order, Judge Tse explained that Plaintiffs’ Fourth Amendment claim under 1 likely time-barred. See Dkt. No. 8 at 2–3 (noting two-year statute of limitations for Bivens claim 2 in California) (citing Strum v. Lawn, 940 F.2d 406, 410 (9th Cir. 1991); Cal. Civ. Proc. Code 3 § 335.1). He stated that any amended complaint should explain why the claim is not time-barred. 4 Id. at 3. As to Plaintiffs’ other claims, Judge Tse explained that Plaintiffs do not specify which 5 Defendants are implicated or what they are alleged to have done. See id. at 3–4. Judge Tse 6 instructed Plaintiffs that “[i]n any amended complaint, Plaintiffs must do their best to include 7 (1) the identity of each defendant, (2) the conduct that each defendant is allegedly liable for, and 8 (3) the legal claim or claims against each defendant.” See id. at 4. 9 Because the documents that Plaintiffs now suggest constitute the “amended” complaint are 10 identical to the original complaint, Plaintiffs have not addressed any of these deficiencies. Many 11 of Plaintiffs’ claims appear to be time-barred, and the Court is unable to identify the nature of 12 Plaintiffs’ other claims. Accordingly, even liberally construing Plaintiffs’ filings, the Court finds 13 that the “amended” complaint still fails to sufficiently state a claim for relief under 28 U.S.C. 14 § 1915(e). 15 // 16 // 17 // 18 // 19 // 20 // 21 // 22 // 23 // 24 // 25 // 26 // 27 // 1 Wl. CONCLUSION 2 The Court DECLINES to adopt the report and recommendation, Dkt. No. 18, but 3 || nevertheless DISMISSES Plaintiffs’ amended complaint. At this point, Plaintiffs have had ample 4 || opportunity to amend the complaint and have failed to do so in any meaningful way. The Court 5 therefore DISMISSES the case against Defendants without leave to amend. See Ramirez v. 6 || Galaza, 334 F.3d 850, 860 (9th Cir. 2003) (“Leave to amend should be granted unless the 7 pleading could not possibly be cured by the allegation of other facts, and should be granted more 8 || liberally to pro se plaintiffs.”) (quotations omitted); Zucco Partners, LLC v. Digimarc Corp., 552 9 || F.3d 981, 1007 (9th Cir. 2009), as amended (Feb. 10, 2009) (“[W]here the Plaintiff has previously 10 || been granted leave to amend and has subsequently failed to add the requisite particularity to its 11 claims, [t]he district court’s discretion to deny leave to amend 1s particularly broad.”) (quotation 12 || omitted). The Clerk is directed to enter judgment in favor of Defendants and to close the case. 13 IT IS SO ORDERED. || Dated: 11/18/2025 Abspwrel & Mbt □□□ HAYWOOD S. GILLIAM, JR. = 16 United States District Judge
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