COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Decker, Malveaux and Senior Judge Annunziata UNPUBLISHED
EDDIE CISNEROS MEMORANDUM OPINION* v. Record No. 0199-16-4 PER CURIAM OCTOBER 11, 2016 ARLINGTON COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ARLINGTON COUNTY Daniel S. Fiore, II, Judge
(Deborah Kramer, on brief), for appellant.1
(Jason L. McCandless, Assistant County Attorney; Cathleen Tucker, Guardian ad litem for the minor child, on brief) for appellee.
Eddie Cisneros (father) appeals a circuit court order that dismissed his appeal regarding the
foster care plan for his child. Father argues that the circuit court erred by ruling that (1) it lacked
jurisdiction to hear father’s motion to change the goal of the foster care plan from permanent foster
care to adoption; (2) it was in the child’s best interests that father’s parental rights not be terminated;
and (3) there was insufficient evidence to support father’s petition to change the foster care plan’s
goal. Upon reviewing the record and briefs of the parties, we conclude that this appeal is without
merit. Accordingly, we summarily affirm the decision of the trial court. See Rule 5A:27.
* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 1 The Court denies Deborah Kramer’s “Motion to Withdraw as Counsel Pursuant to Anders and the Virginia Rules of Professional Responsibility 1.8(e)(1) and (2)” and appoints her as counsel of record for appellant. The Court also denies the “Motion Requesting an Extension of Time to Permit Appellant to File a Supplemental Brief.” BACKGROUND
We view the evidence in the light most favorable to the prevailing party below and grant
to it all reasonable inferences fairly deducible therefrom. See Logan v. Fairfax Cty. Dep’t of
Human Dev., 13 Va. App. 123, 128, 409 S.E.2d 460, 463 (1991).
L.C., born in July 2000, is the biological child of father and Joan Cisneros (mother). On
May 11, 2013, the Arlington County Department of Human Services (the Department) removed
L.C. and her two siblings from her parents’ custody after receiving allegations that father was
physically abusing L.C. Due to the fact that L.C. had suicidal ideations and post-traumatic stress
disorder, the Department placed L.C. at Dominion Hospital and, subsequently, Grafton
residential facility. In November 2013, L.C. was placed in a therapeutic foster care home.
Father pled guilty to aggravated child abuse of L.C.’s older sister. He was sentenced to
ten years in prison.
In the foster care plan filed on November 24, 2014, the Department recommended that
the foster care goal of return home be changed to permanent foster care. The Department
reported that L.C. did not want to return to her parents’ care, but also did not want to be adopted
or have her parents’ rights terminated. On January 30, 2015, the Arlington County Juvenile and
Domestic Relations District Court (the JDR court) entered an order that approved the goal of
permanent foster care for L.C. and set a review date of July 23, 2015. Father did not appeal this
order.
On June 23, 2015, the Department filed a foster care service plan review. The
Department did not seek to change the goal of permanent foster care. The Department reported
that L.C. still did not want to be reunified with her parents or be adopted.
On July 23, 2015, father filed a motion asking the JDR court to change the foster care
plan’s goal to adoption and terminate his parental rights.
-2- On July 24, 2015, the JDR court entered an order that approved the goal of permanent
foster care for L.C. and set a review date for July 13, 2016. Father timely appealed this order on
August 3, 2015.
On January 21, 2016, the parties appeared before the circuit court. Father asked the
circuit court to terminate his parental rights and approve a goal of adoption because he wanted
his child support obligations to L.C. to end. The Department informed the circuit court that L.C.
did not want her parents’ rights to be terminated. After hearing the evidence and argument, the
circuit court found that it did not have jurisdiction over the appeal. It further held that it was in
L.C.’s best interests for the goal to remain permanent foster care and to not terminate father’s
parental rights. The circuit court stated that father “failed to present sufficient evidence for the
Court to reject the plan.” The circuit court entered a final order that dismissed the appeal and
remanded the case to the JDR court.
On February 2, 2016, father filed a motion to reconsider. On February 5, 2016, the
circuit court denied father’s motion and stated that “at the hearing on January 21, 2016, the Court
found that the Court lacked jurisdiction for the Petitioner’s Appeal, and that had the Court
possessed jurisdiction, the Court found insufficient evidence in support of the petition, and
separately that granting the petition would not be in the child’s best interest.” This appeal
followed.
ANALYSIS
Father argues that the trial court erred in holding that it did not have jurisdiction to
consider father’s motion to change the goal of the foster care plan from permanent foster care to
adoption. He notes that he timely appealed the JDR court’s ruling approving the foster care plan
and denying his motion to change the goal to adoption.
-3- Although father timely appealed the JDR court’s order, the circuit court did not have
jurisdiction to change the goal from permanent foster care to adoption and terminate father’s
parental rights. The Department filed a foster care service plan review. The Department did not
seek to change the goal of permanent foster care but, instead, only asked the court to review the
situation. According to the Department, L.C. wanted to remain in foster care and did not want to
be reunited with her parents or be adopted.
Father filed a “Motion to Change Program Goal to Adoption” in the JDR court. In his
motion, he stated that it was in the child’s best interests to terminate his parental rights. He
acknowledged that a foster care plan needed to first be filed that recommended the termination of
his parental rights. See Code § 16.1-283. However, no such foster care plan had been filed.
The statutory scheme for the constitutionally valid termination of residual parental rights in this Commonwealth is primarily embodied in Code § 16.1-283. That scheme provides detailed procedures designed to protect the rights of the parents and their child. These procedures must be strictly followed before the courts are permitted to sever the natural and legal bond between parent and child.
Rader v. Montgomery Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 5 Va. App. 523, 526, 365 S.E.2d 234, 235-36
(1988); see also Strong v. Hampton Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 45 Va. App. 317, 320, 610 S.E.2d 873,
875 (2005).
In addition, father’s motion did not comply with the statutory requirements in Code
§§ 63.2-908(H) and 16.1-262. Code § 63.2-908(H) states as follows:
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COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Decker, Malveaux and Senior Judge Annunziata UNPUBLISHED
EDDIE CISNEROS MEMORANDUM OPINION* v. Record No. 0199-16-4 PER CURIAM OCTOBER 11, 2016 ARLINGTON COUNTY DEPARTMENT OF HUMAN SERVICES
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ARLINGTON COUNTY Daniel S. Fiore, II, Judge
(Deborah Kramer, on brief), for appellant.1
(Jason L. McCandless, Assistant County Attorney; Cathleen Tucker, Guardian ad litem for the minor child, on brief) for appellee.
Eddie Cisneros (father) appeals a circuit court order that dismissed his appeal regarding the
foster care plan for his child. Father argues that the circuit court erred by ruling that (1) it lacked
jurisdiction to hear father’s motion to change the goal of the foster care plan from permanent foster
care to adoption; (2) it was in the child’s best interests that father’s parental rights not be terminated;
and (3) there was insufficient evidence to support father’s petition to change the foster care plan’s
goal. Upon reviewing the record and briefs of the parties, we conclude that this appeal is without
merit. Accordingly, we summarily affirm the decision of the trial court. See Rule 5A:27.
* Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 1 The Court denies Deborah Kramer’s “Motion to Withdraw as Counsel Pursuant to Anders and the Virginia Rules of Professional Responsibility 1.8(e)(1) and (2)” and appoints her as counsel of record for appellant. The Court also denies the “Motion Requesting an Extension of Time to Permit Appellant to File a Supplemental Brief.” BACKGROUND
We view the evidence in the light most favorable to the prevailing party below and grant
to it all reasonable inferences fairly deducible therefrom. See Logan v. Fairfax Cty. Dep’t of
Human Dev., 13 Va. App. 123, 128, 409 S.E.2d 460, 463 (1991).
L.C., born in July 2000, is the biological child of father and Joan Cisneros (mother). On
May 11, 2013, the Arlington County Department of Human Services (the Department) removed
L.C. and her two siblings from her parents’ custody after receiving allegations that father was
physically abusing L.C. Due to the fact that L.C. had suicidal ideations and post-traumatic stress
disorder, the Department placed L.C. at Dominion Hospital and, subsequently, Grafton
residential facility. In November 2013, L.C. was placed in a therapeutic foster care home.
Father pled guilty to aggravated child abuse of L.C.’s older sister. He was sentenced to
ten years in prison.
In the foster care plan filed on November 24, 2014, the Department recommended that
the foster care goal of return home be changed to permanent foster care. The Department
reported that L.C. did not want to return to her parents’ care, but also did not want to be adopted
or have her parents’ rights terminated. On January 30, 2015, the Arlington County Juvenile and
Domestic Relations District Court (the JDR court) entered an order that approved the goal of
permanent foster care for L.C. and set a review date of July 23, 2015. Father did not appeal this
order.
On June 23, 2015, the Department filed a foster care service plan review. The
Department did not seek to change the goal of permanent foster care. The Department reported
that L.C. still did not want to be reunified with her parents or be adopted.
On July 23, 2015, father filed a motion asking the JDR court to change the foster care
plan’s goal to adoption and terminate his parental rights.
-2- On July 24, 2015, the JDR court entered an order that approved the goal of permanent
foster care for L.C. and set a review date for July 13, 2016. Father timely appealed this order on
August 3, 2015.
On January 21, 2016, the parties appeared before the circuit court. Father asked the
circuit court to terminate his parental rights and approve a goal of adoption because he wanted
his child support obligations to L.C. to end. The Department informed the circuit court that L.C.
did not want her parents’ rights to be terminated. After hearing the evidence and argument, the
circuit court found that it did not have jurisdiction over the appeal. It further held that it was in
L.C.’s best interests for the goal to remain permanent foster care and to not terminate father’s
parental rights. The circuit court stated that father “failed to present sufficient evidence for the
Court to reject the plan.” The circuit court entered a final order that dismissed the appeal and
remanded the case to the JDR court.
On February 2, 2016, father filed a motion to reconsider. On February 5, 2016, the
circuit court denied father’s motion and stated that “at the hearing on January 21, 2016, the Court
found that the Court lacked jurisdiction for the Petitioner’s Appeal, and that had the Court
possessed jurisdiction, the Court found insufficient evidence in support of the petition, and
separately that granting the petition would not be in the child’s best interest.” This appeal
followed.
ANALYSIS
Father argues that the trial court erred in holding that it did not have jurisdiction to
consider father’s motion to change the goal of the foster care plan from permanent foster care to
adoption. He notes that he timely appealed the JDR court’s ruling approving the foster care plan
and denying his motion to change the goal to adoption.
-3- Although father timely appealed the JDR court’s order, the circuit court did not have
jurisdiction to change the goal from permanent foster care to adoption and terminate father’s
parental rights. The Department filed a foster care service plan review. The Department did not
seek to change the goal of permanent foster care but, instead, only asked the court to review the
situation. According to the Department, L.C. wanted to remain in foster care and did not want to
be reunited with her parents or be adopted.
Father filed a “Motion to Change Program Goal to Adoption” in the JDR court. In his
motion, he stated that it was in the child’s best interests to terminate his parental rights. He
acknowledged that a foster care plan needed to first be filed that recommended the termination of
his parental rights. See Code § 16.1-283. However, no such foster care plan had been filed.
The statutory scheme for the constitutionally valid termination of residual parental rights in this Commonwealth is primarily embodied in Code § 16.1-283. That scheme provides detailed procedures designed to protect the rights of the parents and their child. These procedures must be strictly followed before the courts are permitted to sever the natural and legal bond between parent and child.
Rader v. Montgomery Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 5 Va. App. 523, 526, 365 S.E.2d 234, 235-36
(1988); see also Strong v. Hampton Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 45 Va. App. 317, 320, 610 S.E.2d 873,
875 (2005).
In addition, father’s motion did not comply with the statutory requirements in Code
§§ 63.2-908(H) and 16.1-262. Code § 63.2-908(H) states as follows:
Any change in the placement of a child in permanent foster care or the responsibilities of the foster parents for that child shall be made only by order of the court which ordered the placement pursuant to a petition filed by the foster parents, local department, licensed child-placing agency or other appropriate party.
Therefore, a petition had to be filed before any changes could be made to the permanent foster
care arrangement. Code § 16.1-262(A) describes the necessary contents for this petition:
-4- The petition shall contain the facts below indicated
“Commonwealth of Virginia, In re ____________________ (name of child)” a child under eighteen years of age.
“In the Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court of the county ____________________ (or city) of “
1. Statement of name, age, date of birth, if known, and residence of the child.
2. Statement of names and residence of his parents, guardian, legal custodian or other person standing in loco parentis and spouse, if any.
3. Statement of names and residence of the nearest known relatives if no parent or guardian can be found.
4. Statement of the specific facts which allegedly bring the child within the purview of this law. If the petition alleges a delinquent act, it shall make reference to the applicable sections of the Code which designate the act a crime.
5. Statement as to whether the child is in custody, and if so, the place of detention or shelter care, and the time the child was taken into custody, and the time the child was placed in detention or shelter care.
Father’s motion did not comply with any of these requirements, other than a recitation of facts
and argument as to why the court should terminate his parental rights and change the foster care
plan goal to adoption.
The circuit court noted that father wished to change the goal of the foster care plan to
adoption and have his parental rights terminated so that he would no longer be obligated to pay
child support for L.C. “Under Virginia’s statutory scheme, the circumstances providing
authority for the termination of parental rights, and the attendant obligation of support, are
limited.” Church v. Church, 24 Va. App. 502, 506, 483 S.E.2d 498, 500 (1997). This Court has
held that it is against public policy to terminate a person’s parental rights in order for that person
to avoid his child support obligation. Layne v. Layne, 61 Va. App. 32, 37, 733 S.E.2d 139, 141
(2012); Church, 24 Va. App. at 508, 483 S.E.2d at 501. -5- Father’s motion did not comply with the statutory scheme to terminate his parental rights
and approve a goal of adoption. Accordingly, the circuit court did not err in dismissing the
appeal because it did not have jurisdiction over the matter.2
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s ruling is summarily affirmed. Rule 5A:27.
Affirmed.
2 Since we find that the circuit court did not have jurisdiction over father’s underlying motion, we need not address father’s second and third assignments of error regarding the sufficiency of the evidence to support his arguments in favor of the goal of adoption and termination of his parental rights. See Kilby v. Culpeper Cty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 55 Va. App. 106, 108 n.1, 684 S.E.2d 219, 220 n.1 (2009) (noting that “an appellate court ‘decide[s] cases “on the best and narrowest ground available”’” (quoting Luginbyhl v. Commonwealth, 48 Va. App. 58, 64, 628 S.E.2d 74, 77 (2006) (en banc))).
-6-