Dunsmore v. State of California

District Court, S.D. California·Decided January 17, 2023·No. 3:20-cv-00406·Unknown

Opinion

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 DARRYL DUNSMORE, et al., Case No.: 20-cv-00406-AJB-DDL

12 Plaintiffs, ORDER GRANTING IN PART 13 v. AND DENYING IN PART MOTION FOR EXPEDITED DISCOVERY DEPARTMENT, et al., 15 Defendants. 16 [Dkt. No. 243] 17 18 Before the Court is Plaintiffs’ Second Motion for Limited Expedited Discovery 19 (the “Motion”). Dkt. No. 243. The Court has considered the parties’ moving 20 papers, the applicable law, and the arguments of counsel during the January 9, 21 2023, hearing on the Motion. For the reasons stated below, the Motion is 22 GRANTED IN PART and DENIED IN PART. 23 I. 25 Plaintiffs are individuals who are or have been incarcerated at jails in San 26 Diego County. See generally Dkt. No. 231 (the “Third Amended Complaint” or 27 “TAC”). For themselves and on behalf of a putative class of incarcerated persons, 28 they challenge the “extraordinarily dangerous and deadly conditions” at those jails 1 with respect to the provision of medical, dental and mental health care and, as is 2 relevant here, to the accessibility of jail facilities, programs and services for 3 persons with disabilities. See generally id. The District Court denied Plaintiffs’ 4 previous motion for a preliminary injunction. Dkt. No. 203. Subsequently, the 5 District Court dismissed the Second Amended Complaint with leave to amend, and 6 the undersigned accordingly denied Plaintiffs’ then-pending motion for expedited 7 discovery as moot. Dkt. Nos. 219, 221. 8 On November 18, 2022, Plaintiffs filed the TAC. Dkt. No. 231. Defendants’ 9 motion to dismiss the TAC remains pending. See Dkt. No. 247. To “evaluate the 10 need for and scope of a potential renewed motion for preliminary injunction,” 11 Plaintiffs filed the instant Motion seeking discovery “about the Jail’s current ADA 12 polices and practices.” Dkt. No. 234-1 at 3. As stated in the Motion, Plaintiffs 13 “seek permission” to propound 35 document requests (“RFPs”), conduct “ADA 14 expert inspections” at five jails, and depose a Rule 30(b)(6) designee on the issues 15 of ADA compliance and accessibility.1 Id. 16 Defendants oppose the Motion. Dkt. No. 245. Defendants assert that as set 17 forth in plaintiffs’ discovery requests, the discovery is overbroad in scope in that it 18 seeks information that is not necessary to a pending or even potential motion for 19 a preliminary injunction. Dkt. No. 245 at 5-10. Defendants further assert that 20 responding to Plaintiffs’ overbroad discovery would present an “enormous burden.” 21 Id. at 11. Defendants agree that “in princip[le],” “appropriately narrow” pre-answer 22 / / / 23

24 25 1 Plaintiffs did not attach their proposed discovery to the Motion. See Rovio Entm’t Ltd. v. Royal Plush Toys, Inc., 907 F. Supp. 1086, 1100 (N.D. Cal. 2012) (noting 26 that “[w]ithout a copy of the proposed discovery requests, the Court cannot 27 determine whether the requests are narrowly tailored”). However, the proposed 35 RFPs, notice of Rule 30(b)(6) deposition, and requests for inspection of five jail 28 1 discovery could proceed but assert that Plaintiffs’ proposed discovery “exceed[s] . 2 . . the bounds” of what is “proper” at this stage of the proceedings. Id. at 5. 3 On January 9, 2023, the Court held oral argument on the Motion. In advance 4 of the hearing, the Court advised counsel for the parties of its tentative ruling to 5 permit expedited discovery but to limit the scope of that discovery significantly 6 compared to Plaintiffs’ proposal. Plaintiffs’ counsel lodged revised discovery 7 requests (consisting of 13 RFPs, a notice of Rule 30(b)(6) deposition, and request 8 for inspection of five jail facilities) with the undersigned’s chambers at the close of 9 business on January 6, 2023. Plaintiffs’ revised discovery requests were the focus 10 of the Court’s and counsel’s discussion at the hearing. 11 II. 13 The Court may authorize expedited discovery on a showing of good cause. 14 See Synopsys, Inc. v. AzurEngine Techs., Inc., 401 F.Supp.3d 1068, 1076 (S.D. 15 Cal. 2019) (citation omitted); see also Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(d)(1) (providing that the 16 court can order discovery to proceed before the parties have conferred as required 17 by Rule 26(f)). Good cause is often established in cases where a preliminary 18 injunction is or may be sought. See Am. LegalNet, Inc. v. Davis, 673 F. Supp. 2d 19 1063, 1067 (C.D. Cal. 2009); see also Interserve, Inc. v. Fusion Garage PTE, Ltd., 20 No. C 09-05812 JW PVT, 2010 WL 143665, at *2 (N.D. Cal. Jan. 7, 2010) (finding 21 good cause to permit expedited discovery to allow a litigant “to determine whether 22 to seek an early injunction.”). However, the court should not authorize discovery 23 that is “ʻnot narrowly tailored to obtain information relevant to [the] determination’” 24 of whether an injunction should issue. Am. LegalNet, 673 F. Supp. 2d at 1067 25 (citation omitted). As in all cases, a court faced with a request for expedited 26 discovery has both the discretion and the obligation “ʻto prevent excessive or 27 burdensome discovery.’” Id. (quoting Qwest Commc’ns Int’l, Inc. v. WorldQuest 28 Networks, Inc., 213 F.R.D. 418, 419 (D. Colo. 2003)); see also Hallett v. Morgan, 1 296 F.3d 732, 751 (9th Cir. 2002) (noting the Court’s “broad discretion” to “permit 2 or deny discovery”). 5 The Court appreciates that Plaintiffs have made serious allegations of 6 Defendants’ widespread and “systemic” failures to provide appropriate 7 accommodations to persons with disabilities. Dkt. No. 243-1. Reasonably limited 8 discovery “focused on emergency situations created by existing physical barriers, 9 policies, practices or programs” would enable Plaintiffs to pursue prompt 10 remediation of any such failures. Dkt. No. 245 at 3. The Court therefore finds that 11 Plaintiffs have established good cause for limited expedited discovery. However, 12 the Court agrees with Defendants that the discovery Plaintiffs seek permission to 13 propound is not confined to information relevant to the issuance of an injunction, 14 even after Plaintiffs’ attempt to narrow it. 15 In considering a request for expedited discovery, one factor the Court must 16 consider is “the purpose for requesting the expedited discovery.” Am. LegalNet, 17 673 F.Supp.2d at 1063. Plaintiffs state that the purpose of the requested discovery 18 is to allow them to “evaluate the need for and scope of a potential renewed motion 19 for preliminary injunction” regarding Defendants’ alleged “ongoing ADA and 20 Rehab[ilitation] Act violations,” and to “provide better factual information” to the 21 Court in hearing any such motion. Dkt. No. 243-1 at 3, 5, 9. The seven named 22 Plaintiffs, who suffer from mobility and hearing disabilities, report being unable to 23 access facilities, services, and medical care and appear for court proceedings due 24 to a lack of accommodations. Id. at 2-3. Plaintiffs also anecdotally report that the 25 elevator at Central Jail has been in a perpetual state of disrepair. Id. at 8. And 26 Plaintiffs represent that their ADA expert is “very skeptical” that the Rock Mountain 27 / / / 28 / / / 1 jail facility “will be ADA-compliant . . . based on the site accessibility information 2 available to her.”2 Id. at 7. 3 Bearing this in mind, the Court finds that expedited discovery to allow 4 Plaintiffs to move for a court order requiring Defendants to comply with the ADA 5 must be limited to current policies, procedures and conditions regarding 6 accessibility and accommodations for incarcerated persons with mobility and 7 hearing disabilities at Central Jail and at the Rock Mountain jail facilities. While 8 discovery within this scope will be permitted, the Court finds that Plaintiffs’ 9 proposed discovery exceeds it.

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