Dunlap v. United States

Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit·Decided May 7, 2001·No. 99-6456·Published

Opinion

5(&200(1'(' )25 )8//7(;7 38%/,&$7,21  'XQODSY8QLWHG6WDWHV 1R 3XUVXDQW WR 6L[WK &LUFXLW 5XOH 

(/(&7521,& &,7$7,21  )(' $SS 3 WK &LU

BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB )LOH 1DPH DS

&21&855(1&( BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB 81,7('67$7(6&28572)$33($/6 6,/(5&LUFXLWsXGJHFRQFXUULQJ,FRQFXULQWKHUHVXOWLQ )257+(6,;7+&,5&8,7 WKLVFDVHWKDWLVWKDWWKHGLVWULFWFRXUWSURSHUO\GLVPLVVHGWKH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB SHWLWLRQ XQGHU  86& †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jVFDVHZDVFRUUHFWO\GLVPLVVHG 1 $SSHDOIURPWKH8QLWHG6WDWHV'LVWULFW&RXUW IRUWKH0LGGOH'LVWULFWRI7HQQHVVHHDW1DVKYLOOH 1Rn7KRPDV$+LJJLQV'LVWULFWsXGJH $UJXHG0DUFK 'HFLGHGDQG)LOHG0D\ %HIRUH.(,7+6,/(5DQG&/$<&LUFXLWsXGJHV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB &2816(/ $5*8('3DWULFN70F1DOO\+2//,16:$*67(5 <$5%528*+1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOODQW9DQ6 9LQFHQW $66,67$17 81,7(' 67$7(6 $77251(< 1DVKYLOOH7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOOHH21%5,()3DWULFN7 0F1DOO\ +2//,16 :$*67(5  <$5%528*+ 1DVKYLOOH 7HQQHVVHH IRU $SSHOODQW  9DQ 6 9LQFHQW $66,67$17 81,7(' 67$7(6 $77251(< 1DVKYLOOH 7HQQHVVHHIRU$SSHOOHH

  'XQODSY8QLWHG6WDWHV 1R 1R 'XQODSY8QLWHG6WDWHV 

&/$< s GHOLYHUHG WKH RSLQLRQ RI WKH FRXUW LQ ZKLFK HDUOLHUSHWLWLRQVZLWKRXWSUHMXGLFH:HPXVWDVVXPHVLQFH .(,7+sMRLQHG6,/(5s S GHOLYHUHGDVHSDUDWH 3HWLWLRQHUKDVQRWDUJXHGWRWKHFRQWUDU\WKDW3HWLWLRQHUZDV FRQFXUULQJRSLQLRQ ZHOODZDUHRIWKHGDWHWKDWKLVGLUHFWDSSHDOZDVGHFLGHGDQG KLVREOLJDWLRQWRILOHDWLPHO\SHWLWLRQIRUWKHZULWRIKDEHDV BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB FRUSXV DV GHPRQVWUDWHG E\ WKH ILOLQJ RI KLV WZR HDUOLHU SHWLWLRQV$EVHQWDVDWLVIDFWRU\H[SODQDWLRQIRUKLVIDLOXUHWR 23,1,21 WLPHO\ILOHKLVKDEHDVSHWLWLRQ3HWLWLRQHUKDVIDLOHGWRH[HUFLVH BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB GXH GLOLJHQFH LQ SXUVXLQJ KLV FODLP 3HWLWLRQHUjV FDVH LV WKHUHIRUHQRWDSSURSULDWHIRUWKHGRFWULQHRIHTXLWDEOHWROOLQJ &/$< &LUFXLW sXGJH  3HWLWLRQHU +RUDFH /HH 'XQODS DSSHDOV IURP WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV GLVPLVVDO RI KLV KDEHDV &21&/86,21 SHWLWLRQILOHGSXUVXDQWWR86&†DVXQWLPHO\7KH GLVWULFWFRXUWLVVXHGDFHUWLILFDWHRIDSSHDODELOLW\VSHFLILFDOO\ :KLOHWKHGRFWULQHRIHTXLWDEOHWROOLQJPD\EHLQYRNHGWR RQ WKH TXHVWLRQ RI ZKHWKHU HTXLWDEOH WROOLQJ DSSOLHV WR WKH WROOWKHRQH\HDUOLPLWDWLRQSHULRGDSSOLFDEOHWR†KDEHDV RQH\HDUSHULRGRIOLPLWDWLRQLQKDEHDVFDVHVDQGZKHWKHULQ SHWLWLRQV3HWLWLRQHUKDVIDLOHGWRGHPRQVWUDWHWKDWKLVFDVH DQ\ HYHQW HTXLWDEOH WROOLQJ ZRXOG EH DSSOLFDEOH LQ SUHVHQWVFLUFXPVWDQFHVDSSURSULDWHIRUDSSO\LQJWKHGRFWULQH 3HWLWLRQHUjVFDVH)RUWKHUHDVRQVWKDWIROORZZHFRQFOXGH $FFRUGLQJO\ ZH $)),50 WKH GLVWULFW FRXUWjV RUGHU WKDW HTXLWDEOH WROOLQJ GRHV DSSO\ WR WKH RQH\HDU OLPLWDWLRQ GLVPLVVLQJ3HWLWLRQHUjVKDEHDVSHWLWLRQ SHULRG DSSOLFDEOH WR KDEHDV SHWLWLRQV EXW $)),50 WKH GLVWULFWFRXUWjVRUGHUGLVPLVVLQJ3HWLWLRQHUjVKDEHDVSHWLWLRQ LQDVPXFK DV 3HWLWLRQHU KDV IDLOHG WR GHPRQVWUDWH WKDW HTXLWDEOHWROOLQJLVDSSURSULDWHLQKLVFDVH %$&.*5281' 3HWLWLRQHUZDVLQGLFWHGRQ2FWREHULQWKH8QLWHG 6WDWHV 'LVWULFW &RXUW IRU WKH 0LGGOH 'LVWULFW RI 7HQQHVVHH 7KHLQGLFWPHQWFKDUJHG3HWLWLRQHULQFRXQWVRQHDQGWZRZLWK YLRODWLQJ  86& †  J   ZKLFK FULPLQDOL]HV WKH SRVVHVVLRQRIDILUHDUPE\DFRQYLFWHGIHORQLQFRXQWWKUHHRI WKH LQGLFWPHQW 3HWLWLRQHU ZDV FKDUJHG ZLWK SRVVHVVLQJ D ILUHDUP ZLWK DQ REOLWHUDWHG VHULDO QXPEHU LQ YLRODWLRQ RI 86&†† N  D  % 3HWLWLRQHUZDVWULHGDQG FRQYLFWHG RI FRXQWV RQH DQG WZR RI WKH LQGLFWPHQW FRXQW WKUHHZDVGLVPLVVHGRQPRWLRQRIWKHJRYHUQPHQW3HWLWLRQHU ZDV WKHUHDIWHU VHQWHQFHG WR FRQFXUUHQW OLIH VHQWHQFHV RQ FRXQWV RQH DQG WZR RI WKH LQGLFWPHQW DQG ILYH \HDUV RI VXSHUYLVHGUHOHDVHRQHDFKFRXQWWRUXQFRQFXUUHQWO\ 2Q GLUHFW DSSHDO WKLV &RXUW DIILUPHG KLV FRQYLFWLRQ RQ sDQXDU\WKH&RXUWjVPDQGDWHLVVXHGRQ)HEUXDU\  'XQODSY8QLWHG6WDWHV 1R 1R 'XQODSY8QLWHG6WDWHV 

Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI

Dunlap v. United States, (6th Cir. 2001).

Dunlap v. United States (Dunlap v. United States) — published by Counsel Stack Legal Research, free access to 12M+ legal documents.