Ducre v. Mine Safety Appliances Co.

634 F. Supp. 696, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27036
CourtDistrict Court, E.D. Louisiana
DecidedApril 8, 1986
DocketNos. 80-4338, 84-4158
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 634 F. Supp. 696 (Ducre v. Mine Safety Appliances Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, E.D. Louisiana primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ducre v. Mine Safety Appliances Co., 634 F. Supp. 696, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27036 (E.D. La. 1986).

Opinion

OPINION

ARCENEAUX, District Judge.

This matter is before the Court on motion for summary judgment filed by Mine Safety Appliances Company (MSA) and adopted by certain underwriters at Lloyds, London (Lloyds), Commercial Union Insurance Company (Commercial Union), C.E. Hartzman, J.M. Garrett, Ed Benezech, John Chantrey, Paul Tregre (executive officers) and The Travelers Insurance Company (Travelers) asserting plaintiffs’ wrongful death action was untimely filed and therefore, prescribed (time-barred). The motion was submitted upon the briefs. Having thoroughly considered the memoranda of counsel, exhibits, pleadings and the law, the motion for summary judgment is GRANTED for the reasons set forth hereinafter.

[697]*697BACKGROUND

Plaintiff, Houston Causey, was employed at Avondale Shipyards, Inc. (Avondale) as a sandblaster and painter. Plaintiff alleges he contracted silicosis as a result of being exposed to and ingesting free silica during his sandblasting activities. Plaintiff on his own behalf filed suit for damages against MSA, a manufacturer of safety protective equipment and other defendants on July 25, 1984. On October 22, 1984, Mr. Causey died. (Exhibit 1). Thereafter, on December 2, 1985, Mr. Causey’s widow and children filed a supplemental and amending complaint (erroneously referred to as a “petition” by plaintiffs) asserting a wrongful death action and substituted themselves as plaintiffs in the survival action. (Exhibit 2). The respective dates of Mr. Causey’s death and the supplemental and amending complaint are uncontested facts.

It is plaintiffs’ position, however, that: (1) Mr. Causey’s original suit, now the survival action, interrupted prescription on the wrongful death action; and (2) the defendants were fully aware of the death of Mr. Causey and, therefore, they cannot claim prejudice.

LAW

Jurisdiction of this case is based upon diversity, and therefore, the substantive issue regarding prescription of the wrongful death action will be governed by Louisiana law. Erie R.R. v. Tompkins, 304 U.S. 64, 58 S.Ct. 817, 82 L.Ed. 1188 (1938).

The Louisiana Civil Code Art. 2315 provides the bases of the wrongful death action and the survival action asserted by the plaintiffs. The two causes of action are separate and independent of one another. A decedent’s statutorily-designated beneficiaries may assert these two causes of action against the tortfeasors who cause the death of the decedent-victim. Specifically, the beneficiary may bring a survival action, i.e., an action for those damages the injured person could have claimed, had he lived; a beneficiary may also bring a wrongful death action, i.e., an action for such damages as the beneficiaries may have sustained as a result of the decedent’s death. Guidry v. Theriot, 377 So.2d 319, 322 (La.1979).

In the case at bar, Mr. Causey, the decedent-victim, filed suit on his own behalf against the various defendants on July 25, 1984. Assuming his negligence and products liability claims were timely filed, the action did not abate upon his death; it survived him — that is, by timely filing his claims against the defendants, he interrupted the one year prescriptive period. The beneficiaries, as designated in Article 2315, were no longer subject to the one year limitation as to this claim, and could, and did, substitute themselves as plaintiffs on December 2, 1985, within the five year abandonment period provided by La.Code Civ.P. art. 561. J. Wilton Jones Co. v. Liberty Mutual Insurance Co., 248 So.2d 878 (La.App. 4th Cir.1971).

As to the wrongful death action asserted by decedent’s widow and children, the Court reaches a different conclusion. As previously stated, the wrongful death action is separate and distinct from the survival action. The wrongful death action arises upon the death of the victim. Article 2315, however, does not specify a time limitation for the wrongful death action. Accordingly, under the Louisiana general tort law such an action is controlled by the general one year prescriptive period of La. Civ.Code. art. 3492. Ayo v. Johns-Man-ville Sales Corp., 771 F.2d 902 (5th Cir. 1985); Trahan v. Liberty Mutual Ins. Co., 314 So.2d 350 (La.1975); Langlois v. Allied Chemical Corp., 258 La. 1067, 249 So.2d 133 (1971).

Mr. Causey died on October 22,1984; the supplemental and amending complaint by the decedent’s spouse and children asserting the wrongful death action, was filed on December 2, 1985, more than one year after decedent’s death. Clearly, unless plaintiff can present evidence to show the prescriptive period was interrupted, the cause of action for wrongful death has prescribed on its face. Lasseigne v. Earl K. Long [698]*698Hospital, 316 So.2d 761 (La.App. 1st Cir. 1975).

The plaintiffs argued that prescription was interrupted by the filing of the original claim for damages by Mr. Causey however this argument was considered and rejected in Guidry v. Theriot, 377 So.2d 319 (La.1979). In Guidry, the Court held the wife’s filing of the original malpractice suit, (in which the husband substituted himself as a party plaintiff after the wife’s death) did not interrupt prescription on the husband’s and children’s wrongful death claim, which was brought more than one year after the victim’s death. The Court emphasized the separateness and independence of the two causes action. While acknowledging that claims may arise from a single tort, (in this instance, medical malpractice), it did not necessarily follow that a survival action and a wrongful death action arising from the tortious conduct presented a single cause of action.

In Revere v. Risley, 470 So.2d 281, 283 (La.App. 5th Cir.1985) the Court held that despite the fact that plaintiffs’ actions were based on the same tort, (automobile accident) each plaintiff's claim “spelled out a different cause of action and asked for different items of damages” from the original suit filed. The filing of the first suit by a passenger did not interrupt prescription as to the subsequent suit by the driver.

In the case at bar, the survival action and the wrongful death action have been judicially recognized as different causes of action which seek different damages. Thus, the pending claim, which became the survival claim, could not and did not interrupt the one year prescriptive period on the wrongful death action.

Plaintiffs’ argument that Louviere v. Shell Oil Co., 440 So.2d 93 (La.1983) repudiated the holding in Guidry is an overly broad assessment of the meaning and intent of the Louviere opinion. The Louviere court was concerned with what effect the filing of a suit by an employee’s compensation insurer against the tortfeasor would have on the prescriptive period running against the employee, an employee who had not yet filed a tort claim against the tortfeasor. Ordinarily, a suit filed by one party to recover his damages will not affect the running of prescription against other parties who sustained separate damages in the same accident. In Louviere, however, the Court determined that the compensation carrier was asserting part of the employee’s cause of action because the insurer had paid part of the employee’s damages and was entitled to recover to the extent of those payments, as partial subrogee.

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Bluebook (online)
634 F. Supp. 696, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27036, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ducre-v-mine-safety-appliances-co-laed-1986.