Ducote v. J.A. Jones Construction Co.

459 So. 2d 191, 1984 La. App. LEXIS 9841
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedNovember 7, 1984
DocketNo. 83-965
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 459 So. 2d 191 (Ducote v. J.A. Jones Construction Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Ducote v. J.A. Jones Construction Co., 459 So. 2d 191, 1984 La. App. LEXIS 9841 (La. Ct. App. 1984).

Opinions

GUIDRY, Judge.

The plaintiff, Myron Ducote, brought this suit under La.R.S. 23:1361 against his employer, J.A. Jones Construction Company, and its insurer, Aetna Life and Casualty Insurance Company, claiming that he was fired because he filed a workmen’s compensation claim. The trial court rendered judgment in favor of the plaintiff and awarded him $24,585.60 (wages for one year) and $2,500.00 attorney’s fees as well as expert witness fees of $150.00. Defendants appeal the judgment urging error was committed by the trial court in finding that Ducote’s employment was terminated for filing a workmen’s compensation claim and for taxing expert witness fees of $150.00 against defendant.

FACTS

On March 30, 1983, Myron Ducote was working as a carpenter for J.A. Jones Construction Company at the Lock and Dam Project on the Red River in Catahoula Parish. At approximately 9:00 a.m. that morning, Ducote, while lifting oak boards, experienced a sudden sharp pain in the lower portion of his stomach. Ducote informed his foreman, Terrell Laehney, that he was not feeling good and wished to go home. According to Ducote, he indicated to Lach-ney that something was wrong with his stomach. Ducote was given permission to go home.

At approximately 8:30 p.m. that same evening, Ducote telephoned Laehney and stated that he was going to the doctor the next day. Ducote informed Laehney that he was injured on the job, at which time Laehney indicated that Ducote should speak to Walter McDaniel, the project safety supervisor.

According to Ducote’s testimony, he spoke to McDaniel the following day and was told that the accident would be investigated. Ducote inquired into whether or not his medical bills would be taken care of by the company and apparently got no reply. Ducote testified further that on the next day, he again met with McDaniel and was informed that if the medical bills were turned over to the insurance company, Du-cote’s employment would be terminated.

McDaniel testified that Ducote did contact him, although he could not recall the exact date. According to McDaniel, Du-cote stated that he had sustained an injury while lifting boards at work. McDaniel asked Ducote if he had reported the injury to his foreman to which Ducote answered “no” stating that he was ashamed to report it. McDaniel noted that Ducote was fired for his failure to report his on-the-job injury after its occurrence, in accordance with established safety regulations. The termi[193]*193nation notice given Ducote indicated failure to follow safety regulations, i.e., failure to immediately report a job injury, as the reason for discharge.

Ducote’s employment was terminated on April 8, 1983. His injury was diagnosed as a hernia and he received workmen’s compensation benefits until June 7, 1983, at which time he was released from the care of his physician. Ducote filed suit against J.A. Jones Construction Company on May 18, 1983.

UNLAWFUL DISCRIMINATION

Defendants contend the trial court erred in finding that plaintiff was discharged for filing a workmen’s compensation claim. Plaintiff brought this suit under La.R.S. 23:1361, which provides in pertinent part:

B. No person shall discharge an employee from employment because of said employee having asserted a claim for benefits under the provisions of this Chapter or under the law of any state or of the United States. Nothing in this Chapter shall prohibit an employer from discharging an employee who because of injury can no longer perform the duties of his employment.
C. Any person who has been denied employment or discharged from employment in violation of the provisions of this Section shall be entitled to recover from the employer or prospective employer who has violated the provisions of this Section a civil penalty which shall be the equivalent of the amount the employee would have earned but for the discrimination based upon the starting salary of the position sought or the earnings of the employee at the time of the discharge, as the case may be, but not more than one year’s earnings, together with a reasonable attorney’s fee.”

In Wiley v. Missouri Pacific R. Co., 430 So.2d 1016 (La.App. 3rd Cir.1982), writ denied, 431 So.2d 1055 (La.1983), this court, in addressing the applicability of La.R.S. 23:1361 to claims brought under the F.E. L.A., stated:

“The principal purpose of R.S. 23:1361 is remedial, rather than penal. Remedial and penal statutes are distinguishable in terms of the nature of the evil sought to be remedied by the legislation; it is penal if it undertakes to redress to the public and remedial if it undertakes to remedy a wrong to the individual. 3 Sutherland, Statutory Construction, § 60.03, at 33 (4th ed. Sands, 1974); State v. Boniface, 369 So.2d 115 (La.1979). R.S. 23:1361 was designed to protect individuals from discrimination by virtue of their assertion of legal right.
Inasmuch as R.S. 23:1361 is a remedial statute, it is to be liberally construed to suppress the evil and to advance the remedy. Starks v. Orleans Motors, Inc., 372 F.Supp. 928 (E.D.La.1974). What is a liberal construction is ordinarily one which makes the statutory rule or principle apply in more situations than would be the case under a strict construction. State v. Boniface, supra. In the present case the evil to be deterred is unjust dismissals. The employee must be .able to exercise his right in an unfettered fashion without being subjected to reprisal. The remedy is intended to place the discriminated-against employee in the same position he would have been but for the employer’s retaliatory conduct, thereby affording the worker an opportunity to organize his affairs and enter the work force anew....”

The trial judge, in his written reasons for judgment, noted:

“It is the finding of this court that the plaintiff was deliberately fired by defendant because he filed a workmen’s compensation claim. This court will not permit a company’s policy to fire a worker for filing a workmen’s compensation claim under the guise of terminating him because he failed to report an injury timely. It should be noted that plaintiff did in fact report the injury immediately on the job and later that night from his home by telephone.” _

[194]*194The record does not support the trial judge’s finding of fact that the plaintiff reported his injury immediately on the job site. Ducote told his foreman that he was not feeling good and had pain in his stomach. It was not until later that evening that Ducote informed his foreman he had injured himself on the job.

At trial, Ducote acknowledged that when he began working for J.A. Jones Construction he was instructed to report any injury sustained on the job immediately to the foreman. This requirement was reiterated to employees every Monday morning at the safety meetings. Plaintiff’s own testimony makes clear that he was immediately aware that the onset of pain which he experienced in his stomach was caused by an on-the-job injury. In this connection, he testified as follows:

“Q.

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Related

Ducote v. JA Jones Const. Co.
471 So. 2d 704 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1985)
Moore v. McDermott, Inc.
469 So. 2d 1207 (Louisiana Court of Appeal, 1985)
Ducote v. J.A. Jones Construction Co.
463 So. 2d 1313 (Supreme Court of Louisiana, 1985)

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Bluebook (online)
459 So. 2d 191, 1984 La. App. LEXIS 9841, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ducote-v-ja-jones-construction-co-lactapp-1984.