Dubois v. Rhode Island

950 F. Supp. 2d 374, 2013 WL 3096099, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87788
CourtDistrict Court, D. Rhode Island
DecidedJune 20, 2013
DocketC.A. No. 13-115-M
StatusPublished

This text of 950 F. Supp. 2d 374 (Dubois v. Rhode Island) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. Rhode Island primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dubois v. Rhode Island, 950 F. Supp. 2d 374, 2013 WL 3096099, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87788 (D.R.I. 2013).

Opinion

MEMORANDUM AND ORDER

JOHN J. McCONNELL, JR., District Judge.

Before the Court is the State of Rhode Island’s Motion to Dismiss (ECF No. 7) David R. Dubois’s Petition under 28 U.S.C. § 2254 for Writ of Habeas Corpus by a [376]*376Person in State Custody. (ECF No. 1.) In his Petition, Mr. Dubois sets forth two grounds for relief: ground one, the state trial court deprived Mr. Dubois of his Sixth Amendment right to compulsory process and confrontation of witnesses; and ground two, the admission of prejudicial evidence under Rule 404(b) of the Rules of Evidence violated Mr. Dubois’s Sixth Amendment right to a fair trial by an impartial jury. (See ECF No. 1-1 at 19, 27.) The State seeks dismissal of Mr. Dubois’s Petition, arguing that Mr. Dubois failed to exhaust his claims in state court and that his claims nevertheless lack merit. (ECF No. 7.)

I. BACKGROUND

The facts are as described in the Rhode Island Supreme Court opinion affirming Mr. Dubois’s conviction. See State v. Dubois, 36 A.3d 191 (R.I.2012). On April 18, 2007, the state filed ' six criminal counts against Mr. Dubois in Rhode Island Superior Court. Id. at 193. One count of second degree sexual assault under R.I. Gen. Laws 1956 § 11-37-4 and five counts of second degree child molestation under R.I. Gen. Laws 1956 § 11-37-8.3 were filed, but the sexual assault charge was dismissed as the statute of limitations had already run. Id.

The complainants were Sarah, Lauren, and Natalie (the Defendant’s nieces by marriage) and Emily (the Defendant’s cousin by marriage).1 Id. The girls ranged in age from five to eleven at the time of the assaults and all incidents occurred between 1992 and 1998. Id.

Sarah and Lauren testified that Mr. Dubois had acted inappropriately towards them on several occasions when Mr. Dubois’s wife was babysitting the girls. Id. at 194. Later, when Lauren was fifteen she worked for Mr. Dubois for a summer at her mother’s insistence. Id. Because of Lauren’s reluctance to work for Mr. Dubois, Sarah disclosed the past abuse to their family. Id. After other female family members described similar abuse, they held a family meeting to confront Mr. Dubois, and an investigation and prosecution followed. Id. at 194-95.

Mr. Dubois’s two brother-in-laws, Ross and Normand, also testified at trial. Id. at 196. The State tried to limit the defense’s line of questioning based on collusion among Mr. Dubois’s family members or any biases they may have had against Mr. Dubois. Id. The trial justice held the witnesses could not testify “to suggest that there was some kind of a plan or scheme without any substantiation.” Id.

Mr. Dubois also raised issues regarding the testimony of his niece, Natalie. Although Natalie’s claim of sexual assault was dismissed, the State moved to allow her to testify as a 404(b) witness to describe three instances of sexual misconduct by Mr. Dubois. Id. at 193. The trial justice had ruled on the state’s motion in limine, finding that two of the incidents, when Natalie was a young child, were relevant because they showed sexual intent directed at Natalie and therefore directed at the named complainants as well. Id. at 193-94. The trial justice also found the incidents were closely related to the alleged child molestation as both involved games. Id. at 193. The trial justice did not allow the third uncharged instance, which occurred when Natalie was fourteen, to be introduced because that instance was not sufficiently similar to the instances the complainants alleged. Id.

At a sidebar conference during the trial, Mr. Dubois contended the two incidents should be excluded because they were too [377]*377remote in time to show continuity. Id. at 196. The trial justice reiterated his in limine ruling, finding there was a nexus between these two incidents and the charged incidents because “the acts are the same or similar acts, the locations are the same or similar locations and, obviously, a time frame is a factor they have to take into consideration.” Id.

The jury returned a verdict of guilty on all five counts and the trial court denied Mr. Dubois’s motion for a new trial. Id. at 197. The court sentenced Mr. Dubois to serve five concurrent thirty year terms. Id. at 192-93. The Rhode Island Supreme Court affirmed the trial court’s judgment of conviction. Id. at 202.

On February 14, 2013, Mr. Dubois filed a pro se Petition with this Court asserting two grounds for relief. (ECF No. 1.) He also filed a Motion for Leave to Proceed in forma pauperis and a Motion to Appoint Counsel. (ECF Nos. 2 and 3.)2 The State moved to dismiss, arguing that Mr. Dubois filed a mixed petition because he failed to exhaust his 404(b) claim in state court and that his Petition nevertheless lacks substantive merit. (ECF No. 7.)

II. EXHAUSTION OP CLAIMS

The Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (“AEDPA”), Pub. L. No. 104-132, 110 Stat. 1214, restricts federal court review of state court convictions and sentences. Before a federal court can reach the merits of a habeas claim, the petitioner “must have fairly presented his claims to the state courts and must have exhausted his state court remedies.” McCambridge v. Hall, 303 F.3d 24, 34 (1st Cir.2002) (citing 28 U.S.C. § 2254(b)(l)(A)(1996)). A petitioner “bears a heavy burden” to show he presented the legal and factual bases of his federal claim to the state court. Adelson v. DiPaola, 131 F.3d 259, 262 (1st Cir.1997).

To satisfy the exhaustion requirement, a petitioner must “present the federal claim fairly and recognizably.” Casella v. Clemons, 207 F.3d 18, 20 (1st Cir.2000) (citation omitted). A petitioner may exhaust his claim by relying on a specific provision of the Constitution, conspicuously presenting a federal constitutional claim, citing to federal constitutional precedents, identifying a specific right guaranteed by the Constitution, or asserting a state-law claim that is functionally identical to a federal constitutional claim. Coningford v. State, 640 F.3d 478, 482 (1st Cir.2011) cert. denied, — U.S. -, 132 S.Ct. 426, 181 L.Ed.2d 277 (2011) (No. 08-2219).

The State argues that Mr. Dubois failed to exhaust his state court remedies on his Rule 404(b) claim because he based his argument to the Rhode. Island Supreme Court, and its subsequent decision, solely on state evidentiary rules and case law, not constitutional grounds. (ECF No. 7 at 7.) Mr. Dubois contends his state collateral offense claims are functionally equivalent to their federal counterparts. (ECF No. 1-1 at 28-29.)

Here, ground two of Mr. Dubois’s Petition involves a claim concerning the proper admittance of Rule 404(b) evidence.

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Rose v. Lundy
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Rhines v. Weber
544 U.S. 269 (Supreme Court, 2005)
Adelson v. DiPaola
131 F.3d 259 (First Circuit, 1997)
McCambridge v. Hall
303 F.3d 24 (First Circuit, 2002)
Jackson v. Coalter
337 F.3d 74 (First Circuit, 2003)
Josselyn v. Dennehy
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Coningford v. Rhode Island
640 F.3d 478 (First Circuit, 2011)
State v. Jalette
382 A.2d 526 (Supreme Court of Rhode Island, 1978)

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Bluebook (online)
950 F. Supp. 2d 374, 2013 WL 3096099, 2013 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 87788, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dubois-v-rhode-island-rid-2013.