[Cite as Dover v. Horn, 2017-Ohio-1146.]
COURT OF APPEALS TUSCARAWAS COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
CITY OF DOVER JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P. J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 JOYCE HORN
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal Appeal from the New Philadelphia Municipal Court, Case No. TRD 1506422
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: March 28, 2017
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
DOUGLAS JACKSON RALPH C. BUSS PROSECUTING ATTORNEY 168 East High Street 150 East High Avenue Post Office Box 705 New Philadelphia, Ohio 44663 Painesville, Ohio 44077 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 2
Wise, J.
{¶1} Appellant Joyce E. Horn appeals her conviction on one count of a stop sign
violation following a bench trial in the New Philadelphia Municipal Court.
{¶2} Appellee State of Ohio has not filed a brief in this matter.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶3} On September 17, 2015, Appellant Joyce Horn was involved in a
motorcycle/automobile collision at the intersection of North Crater Avenue and East 4th
Street in Dover, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. Appellant was operating her motorcycle
westbound on East 4th Street, while the second vehicle in question was travelling
southbound on North Crater Avenue. (T. at 6-7).
{¶4} Appellant testified that she had stopped at the stop sign prior to heading
into the intersection. (T. at 45). The operator of the second vehicle, Cory Levengood,
testified that he did not see the motorcycle operated by Appellant until he was in the
middle of the intersection. (T. at 36). Mr. Levengood then testified that he looked down
the roadway immediately prior to entering the intersection and did not see Appellant's
motorcycle. (T. at 36). Appellant testified that Mr. Levengood pulled his vehicle out into
the intersection directly into her path of travel. (T. at 45).
{¶5} Appellant was thrown from her motorcycle, across the hood of Levengood’s
vehicle. She was taken to the hospital by ambulance. She suffered a concussion and a
broken arm, which required surgery.
{¶6} The officer who responded to the traffic accident, Capt. Samuel Hitchcock,
testified that, as part of his investigation, he diagramed the accident scene, spoke with
Mr. Levengood – the driver of the second vehicle, and spoke with another witness, who Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 3
heard but did not see the accident. (T. at 8). He stated that he did not speak with
Appellant because she was in need of medical treatment, which took precedence. Id.
He stated that another officer went to the hospital and got a statement from her, and that
he later met with her at her home and got a written statement from her. Id.
{¶7} Based on his investigation, Capt. Hitchcock cited Appellant for failure to stop
at the stop sign.
{¶8} On April 25, 2016, this matter proceeded to a bench trial before a
magistrate.
{¶9} At the trial, the magistrate heard testimony from Capt. Hitchcock, Cory
Levengood, and Appellant. At the conclusion of the trial, the Magistrate found Appellant
guilty of failing to stop at the stop sign, in violation of Dover Codified Ordinance
§313.01(A).
{¶10} On July 26, 2016, a hearing was held on Defendant’s objections to the
Magistrate’s Decision.
{¶11} By Judgment Entry filed August 1, 2016, the trial court approved and
adopted the Magistrate’s Decision and found Appellant guilty of failing to stop at a stop
sign.
{¶12} Appellant now appeals, assigning the following error for review:
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶13} “I. THE TRIAL COURT'S JUDGMENT WAS AGAINST THE MANIFEST
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.” Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 4
I.
{¶14} In her sole Assignment of Error, Appellant argues that her conviction was
against the manifest weight of the evidence. We disagree.
{¶15} As an appellate court, we are not fact finders; we neither weigh the evidence
nor judge the credibility of witnesses. Our role is to determine whether there is relevant,
competent and credible evidence, upon which the fact finder could base his or her
judgment. Cross Truck v. Jeffries, 5th Dist. Stark No. CA–5758, 1982 WL 2911 (Feb. 10,
1982). Accordingly, judgments supported by some competent, credible evidence going
to all the essential elements of the case will not be reversed as being against the manifest
weight of the evidence. C.E. Morris Co. v. Foley Construction, 54 Ohio St.2d 279, 376
N.E.2d 578 (1978). The Ohio Supreme Court has emphasized: “ ‘[I]n determining
whether the judgment below is manifestly against the weight of the evidence, every
reasonable intendment and every reasonable presumption must be made in favor of the
judgment and the finding of facts. * * *.’ ” Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio St.3d 328, 334,
972 N.E.2d 517, 2012–Ohio–2179, quoting Seasons Coal Co., Inc. v. Cleveland, 10 Ohio
St.3d 77, 80, 461 N.E.2d 1273 (1984), fn. 3, quoting 5 Ohio Jurisprudence 3d, Appellate
Review, Section 603, at 191–192 (1978). Furthermore, it is well established that the trial
court is in the best position to determine the credibility of witnesses. See, e.g., In re
Brown, 9th Dist. No. 21004, 2002–Ohio–3405, ¶ 9, citing State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d
230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967).
{¶16} Ultimately, “the reviewing court must determine whether the appellant or the
appellee provided the more believable evidence, but must not completely substitute its
judgment for that of the original trier of fact ‘unless it is patently apparent that the fact Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 5
finder lost its way.’ ” State v. Pallai, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 07 MA 198, 2008–Ohio–
6635, ¶ 31, quoting State v. Woullard, 158 Ohio App.3d 31, 2004–Ohio–3395, 813
N.E.2d 964 (2nd Dist.2004), ¶ 81. In other words, “[w]hen there exist two fairly
reasonable views of the evidence or two conflicting versions of events, neither of which
is unbelievable, it is not our province to choose which one we believe.” State v. Dyke,
7th Dist. Mahoning No. 99 CA 149, 2002–Ohio–1152, at ¶ 13, citing State v. Gore, 131
Ohio App.3d 197, 201, 722 N.E.2d 125 (7th Dist.1999).
{¶17} The weight to be given to the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses
are issues for the trier of fact. State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212
(1967), paragraph one of the syllabus; State v. Hunter, 131 Ohio St.3d 67, 2011–Ohio–
6524, 960 N.E.2d 955, ¶ 118. Accord, Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60, 80, 62 S.Ct.
457, 86 L.Ed. 680 (1942); Marshall v. Lonberger, 459 U.S. 422, 434, 103 S.Ct. 843, 74
L.Ed.2d 646 (1983).
{¶18} The judge as the trier of fact was free to accept or reject any and all of the
evidence offered by the parties and assess the witness's credibility. “While the [trier of
fact] may take note of the inconsistencies and resolve or discount them accordingly * * *
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
[Cite as Dover v. Horn, 2017-Ohio-1146.]
COURT OF APPEALS TUSCARAWAS COUNTY, OHIO FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
CITY OF DOVER JUDGES: Hon. William B. Hoffman, P. J. Plaintiff-Appellee Hon. John W. Wise, J. Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J. -vs- Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 JOYCE HORN
Defendant-Appellant OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Criminal Appeal from the New Philadelphia Municipal Court, Case No. TRD 1506422
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: March 28, 2017
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
DOUGLAS JACKSON RALPH C. BUSS PROSECUTING ATTORNEY 168 East High Street 150 East High Avenue Post Office Box 705 New Philadelphia, Ohio 44663 Painesville, Ohio 44077 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 2
Wise, J.
{¶1} Appellant Joyce E. Horn appeals her conviction on one count of a stop sign
violation following a bench trial in the New Philadelphia Municipal Court.
{¶2} Appellee State of Ohio has not filed a brief in this matter.
STATEMENT OF THE FACTS AND CASE
{¶3} On September 17, 2015, Appellant Joyce Horn was involved in a
motorcycle/automobile collision at the intersection of North Crater Avenue and East 4th
Street in Dover, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. Appellant was operating her motorcycle
westbound on East 4th Street, while the second vehicle in question was travelling
southbound on North Crater Avenue. (T. at 6-7).
{¶4} Appellant testified that she had stopped at the stop sign prior to heading
into the intersection. (T. at 45). The operator of the second vehicle, Cory Levengood,
testified that he did not see the motorcycle operated by Appellant until he was in the
middle of the intersection. (T. at 36). Mr. Levengood then testified that he looked down
the roadway immediately prior to entering the intersection and did not see Appellant's
motorcycle. (T. at 36). Appellant testified that Mr. Levengood pulled his vehicle out into
the intersection directly into her path of travel. (T. at 45).
{¶5} Appellant was thrown from her motorcycle, across the hood of Levengood’s
vehicle. She was taken to the hospital by ambulance. She suffered a concussion and a
broken arm, which required surgery.
{¶6} The officer who responded to the traffic accident, Capt. Samuel Hitchcock,
testified that, as part of his investigation, he diagramed the accident scene, spoke with
Mr. Levengood – the driver of the second vehicle, and spoke with another witness, who Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 3
heard but did not see the accident. (T. at 8). He stated that he did not speak with
Appellant because she was in need of medical treatment, which took precedence. Id.
He stated that another officer went to the hospital and got a statement from her, and that
he later met with her at her home and got a written statement from her. Id.
{¶7} Based on his investigation, Capt. Hitchcock cited Appellant for failure to stop
at the stop sign.
{¶8} On April 25, 2016, this matter proceeded to a bench trial before a
magistrate.
{¶9} At the trial, the magistrate heard testimony from Capt. Hitchcock, Cory
Levengood, and Appellant. At the conclusion of the trial, the Magistrate found Appellant
guilty of failing to stop at the stop sign, in violation of Dover Codified Ordinance
§313.01(A).
{¶10} On July 26, 2016, a hearing was held on Defendant’s objections to the
Magistrate’s Decision.
{¶11} By Judgment Entry filed August 1, 2016, the trial court approved and
adopted the Magistrate’s Decision and found Appellant guilty of failing to stop at a stop
sign.
{¶12} Appellant now appeals, assigning the following error for review:
ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶13} “I. THE TRIAL COURT'S JUDGMENT WAS AGAINST THE MANIFEST
WEIGHT OF THE EVIDENCE.” Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 4
I.
{¶14} In her sole Assignment of Error, Appellant argues that her conviction was
against the manifest weight of the evidence. We disagree.
{¶15} As an appellate court, we are not fact finders; we neither weigh the evidence
nor judge the credibility of witnesses. Our role is to determine whether there is relevant,
competent and credible evidence, upon which the fact finder could base his or her
judgment. Cross Truck v. Jeffries, 5th Dist. Stark No. CA–5758, 1982 WL 2911 (Feb. 10,
1982). Accordingly, judgments supported by some competent, credible evidence going
to all the essential elements of the case will not be reversed as being against the manifest
weight of the evidence. C.E. Morris Co. v. Foley Construction, 54 Ohio St.2d 279, 376
N.E.2d 578 (1978). The Ohio Supreme Court has emphasized: “ ‘[I]n determining
whether the judgment below is manifestly against the weight of the evidence, every
reasonable intendment and every reasonable presumption must be made in favor of the
judgment and the finding of facts. * * *.’ ” Eastley v. Volkman, 132 Ohio St.3d 328, 334,
972 N.E.2d 517, 2012–Ohio–2179, quoting Seasons Coal Co., Inc. v. Cleveland, 10 Ohio
St.3d 77, 80, 461 N.E.2d 1273 (1984), fn. 3, quoting 5 Ohio Jurisprudence 3d, Appellate
Review, Section 603, at 191–192 (1978). Furthermore, it is well established that the trial
court is in the best position to determine the credibility of witnesses. See, e.g., In re
Brown, 9th Dist. No. 21004, 2002–Ohio–3405, ¶ 9, citing State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d
230, 227 N.E.2d 212 (1967).
{¶16} Ultimately, “the reviewing court must determine whether the appellant or the
appellee provided the more believable evidence, but must not completely substitute its
judgment for that of the original trier of fact ‘unless it is patently apparent that the fact Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 5
finder lost its way.’ ” State v. Pallai, 7th Dist. Mahoning No. 07 MA 198, 2008–Ohio–
6635, ¶ 31, quoting State v. Woullard, 158 Ohio App.3d 31, 2004–Ohio–3395, 813
N.E.2d 964 (2nd Dist.2004), ¶ 81. In other words, “[w]hen there exist two fairly
reasonable views of the evidence or two conflicting versions of events, neither of which
is unbelievable, it is not our province to choose which one we believe.” State v. Dyke,
7th Dist. Mahoning No. 99 CA 149, 2002–Ohio–1152, at ¶ 13, citing State v. Gore, 131
Ohio App.3d 197, 201, 722 N.E.2d 125 (7th Dist.1999).
{¶17} The weight to be given to the evidence and the credibility of the witnesses
are issues for the trier of fact. State v. DeHass, 10 Ohio St.2d 230, 227 N.E.2d 212
(1967), paragraph one of the syllabus; State v. Hunter, 131 Ohio St.3d 67, 2011–Ohio–
6524, 960 N.E.2d 955, ¶ 118. Accord, Glasser v. United States, 315 U.S. 60, 80, 62 S.Ct.
457, 86 L.Ed. 680 (1942); Marshall v. Lonberger, 459 U.S. 422, 434, 103 S.Ct. 843, 74
L.Ed.2d 646 (1983).
{¶18} The judge as the trier of fact was free to accept or reject any and all of the
evidence offered by the parties and assess the witness's credibility. “While the [trier of
fact] may take note of the inconsistencies and resolve or discount them accordingly * * *
such inconsistencies do not render defendant's conviction against the manifest weight
or sufficiency of the evidence.” State v. Craig, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 99AP–739, 1999
WL 29752 (Mar 23, 2000) citing State v. Nivens, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 95APA09–1236,
1996 WL 284714 (May 28, 1996). Indeed, the [trier of fact] need not believe all of a
witness' testimony, but may accept only portions of it as true. State v. Raver, 10th Dist.
Franklin No. 02AP–604, 2003–Ohio–958, ¶ 21, citing State v. Antill, 176 Ohio St. 61, 67,
197 N.E.2d 548 (1964); State v. Burke, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 02AP–1238, 2003–Ohio– Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 6
2889, citing State v. Caldwell, 79 Ohio App.3d 667, 607 N.E.2d 1096 (4th Dist.1992).
Although the evidence may have been circumstantial, we note that circumstantial
evidence has the same probative value as direct evidence. State v. Jenks, supra.
{¶19} Appellant argues that the Magistrate in this case based her decision on a
“mistaken matter of fact” when she found that “Mr. Levengood specifically testified that
he saw [Appellant] first directly when she was at the stop sign, she wasn’t stopping, and
then she made impact with him.” (T. at 41).
{¶20} Appellant herein argues that Mr. Levengood’s testimony does not support
the trial court’s findings.
{¶21} Upon review of the transcript, we find that the trial court’s findings are
supported by the record. Mr. Levengood testified as follows:
A: I stopped at the intersection, looked both ways, didn’t see anything
coming so I proceeded into the middle of the intersection and when I got to
the middle of the intersection there the motorcycle was hitting me. (T. at 30).
***
A: No, I did not see any other vehicle sitting at any other stop signs.
(T. at 31).
Q: So when you then began to travel through when did you first
realize there was a motorcycle coming?
A: When she was right at the stop sign.
Q: Did you see her make any attempt to stop?
A: No, I did not. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 7
Q: When you said you saw her at the stop sign did you see her
stopping at the sign or coming through it?
A: No, I saw her keep coming. (T. at 31-32).
{¶22} Based upon the foregoing and the entire record in this matter, we find
Appellant's conviction is not against the manifest weight of the evidence. To the contrary,
the court appears to have fairly and impartially decided the matters before it. The trier of
fact can reach different conclusions concerning the credibility of the testimony of the
witnesses. This Court will not disturb the trier of fact’s finding so long as competent
evidence was present to support it. State v. Walker, 55 Ohio St.2d 208, 378 N.E.2d 1049
(1978). The trial court heard the witnesses, evaluated the evidence, and was convinced
of Appellant's guilt.
{¶23} We find that this is not an “ ‘exceptional case in which the evidence weighs
heavily against the conviction.’ ” Thompkins, 78 Ohio St.3d at 387, 678 N.E.2d 541,
quoting Martin, 20 Ohio App.3d at 175, 485 N.E.2d 717. The judge neither lost his way
nor created a miscarriage of justice in convicting Appellant of the charges.
{¶24} Upon careful consideration of the record, we find that there is substantial
evidence presented which, if believed, supports the charge beyond a reasonable doubt. Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 8
{¶25} Appellant’s sole Assignment of Error is overruled.
{¶26} For the foregoing reasons, the judgment of the New Philadelphia Municipal
Court, Tuscarawas County, Ohio is affirmed.
By: Wise, J.
Hoffman, P. J., and
Baldwin, J., concur.
JWW/d 0322 Tuscarawas County, Case No. 2016 AP 08 0041 9