DiFiore v. McNamara

402 N.W.2d 893, 1987 N.D. LEXIS 279
CourtNorth Dakota Supreme Court
DecidedMarch 26, 1987
DocketCiv. No. 11309
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 402 N.W.2d 893 (DiFiore v. McNamara) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering North Dakota Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
DiFiore v. McNamara, 402 N.W.2d 893, 1987 N.D. LEXIS 279 (N.D. 1987).

Opinion

ERICKSTAD, Chief Justice.

John C. McNamara appeals from a county court judgment determining that Susan Halvorson DiFiore was entitled to inherit the entire North Dakota estate of Dorothy Seven McNamara. We affirm.

On April 22, 1926, Dorothy inherited an undivided l/9th interest in land and minerals in Williams County, North Dakota. Dorothy had one child, Susan, who was born on September 24, 1942, during Dorothy’s marriage to Rolf Halvorson. Dorothy and Rolf were subsequently divorced, and on May 20, 1965, Dorothy married the last of her four husbands, John, who was an attorney residing in California.

On July 1, 1966, John filed for divorce in California. John’s complaint set forth the couple’s community property acquired during their marriage, his separate property brought into the marriage, and Dorothy’s separate property brought into the marriage, including the land and mineral interest in Williams County. John’s complaint specifically stated that he did not claim any of the couple’s community property or Dorothy’s separate property. On December 1, 1966, an interlocutory divorce judgment was entered which provided, in relevant part:

“IT IS FURTHER ORDERED, ADJUDGED AND DECREED that each party shall be awarded his or her separate property as listed in the Complaint on file herein, that the community property shall go to defendant, and that plaintiff will endorse his interest in that certain insurance check in the amount of $401.65 to defendant; that defendant shall receive no alimony;”

Dorothy died intestate on December 9, 1966, before the expiration of the one-year waiting period for an interlocutory divorce judgment to become final under California law. On January 12, 1967, John petitioned the Orange County Superior Court for Letters of Administration as Dorothy’s surviving spouse, naming Susan and Dorothy’s mother, brothers, and sisters as heirs. At that time Susan was living in New York, and her attorney corresponded with John concerning the division of Dorothy’s California estate. Dorothy’s California estate proceeded to closing, and on September 25, 1968, Susan and John executed an agreement acknowledging that John was Dorothy’s surviving spouse, that Susan was Dorothy’s only issue, and that they would share equally in Dorothy’s California estate with each receiving approximately $1,250. Neither this agreement nor the accounting for Dorothy’s estate specifically referred to her property in Williams County.

Oh April 11, 1979, Susan filed a petition in Williams County seeking a distribution of Dorothy’s North Dakota estate which consisted solely of the land in Williams County. On April 13, 1982, the personal representative petitioned the county court for confirmation of a proposed final distribution of that property to Susan. John filed an objection contending that, as Dorothy’s surviving spouse, he was entitled to inherit one-half of that property.

After a stipulation of facts by the parties and hearing on May 28, 1982, the court rendered its decision on January 24, 1983, awarding all of the land to Susan. The court subsequently set aside its decision [895]*895because the parties had stipulated that they wanted to present their case for a full hearing when they appealed to the district court for a trial de novo, and, effective January 1, 1983, the Legislature repealed the statutory provisions for an appeal and trial de novo in the district court and provided for an appeal from county court directly to the supreme court. 1981 N.D. Sess.Laws, Ch. 319. A second hearing was held on November 20, 1984, but the judge who presided over that hearing died before rendering a decision. The case was reassigned, and the parties stipulated to the court rendering a decision upon the record of the previous proceedings. The court found that John had waived and renounced his right to share in Dorothy’s estate pursuant to Section 30.1-05-04 [Uniform Probate Code § 2-204], N.D.C.C., and awarded Susan the Williams County property. John has appealed.

The ultimate issue raised in this appeal is whether or not John was entitled to one-half of Dorothy’s North Dakota estate. The resolution of that issue requires us to initially examine the legal effect and ramifications stemming from Dorothy’s death during the one-year waiting period between the interlocutory divorce judgment and a final divorce judgment.

The purpose of the one-year waiting period 1 between an interlocutory divorce judgment and a final judgment is to promote reconciliation between the parties, and, during that period, the couple’s marriage is not terminated and they continue to be husband and wife. Hurst v. Hurst, 227 Cal.App.2d 859, 39 Cal.Rptr. 162 (Dist.Ct.App.1964); Borg v. Borg, 25 Cal.App.2d 25, 76 P.2d 218 (Dist.Ct.App.1938). Nevertheless, the divorce court has the authority to render an interlocutory divorce judgment which distributes the couple’s property immediately. Fritschi v. Teed, 213 Cal.App.2d 718, 29 Cal.Rptr. 114 (Dist.Ct.App.1963). The death of one of the spouses during the interlocutory period abates the action for dissolution of the marriage and itself terminates the marriage; however, that termination relates to the status of the parties and not to property rights theretofore adjudicated. McClenny v. Superior Court of Los Angeles County, 62 Cal.2d 140, 41 Cal.Rptr. 460, 396 P.2d 916 (1965); Klebora v. Klebora, 118 Cal.App. 613, 5 P.2d 965 (Dist.Ct.App.1931). Insofar as an interlocutory divorce judgment adjudicates the property rights of the parties, it is treated as a contract between them. Klebora v. Klebora, supra.

In McClenny, supra, the divorce court entered an interlocutory divorce judgment reserving its power to determine the division of the couple’s community property. The California Supreme Court held that the wife’s death during the interlocutory period did not deprive the divorce court of jurisdiction to effectuate its prior adjudication of property rights in the interlocutory divorce judgment. The court said that the death of a spouse during the interlocutory period did not “liquidate the property rights which crystallized in the interlocutory decree.” Id. 41 Cal.Rptr. at 462, 396 P.2d at 918. In determining that the property rights had “crystallized” in that case, the court relied upon Klebora v. Klebora, supra, and Darter v. Magnussen, 172 Cal.App.2d 714, 342 P.2d 528 (Dist.Ct.App.1959).

In Klebora v. Klebora, supra, 118 Cal.App. at 618, 5 P.2d at 967, the court held that, in the absence of an appeal or motion for relief under Cal. Code of Civ.Proc. § 473,2 an interlocutory divorce judgment which dealt with the couple’s property became final as to those rights and the death of the husband did not affect those rights:

“It is settled in this state that, when an interlocutory decree deals solely with the marital status of the parties, and is silent as to their property rights, the death of one of the spouses before the time for a final decree renders the interlocutory decree functus officio.... The death dissolves the marriage.... But, [896]

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Related

MATTER OF ESTATE OF McNAMARA
402 N.W.2d 893 (North Dakota Supreme Court, 1987)

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Bluebook (online)
402 N.W.2d 893, 1987 N.D. LEXIS 279, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/difiore-v-mcnamara-nd-1987.