[Cite as Depaz v. Bahramian, 2013-Ohio-5510.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
MARIO DEPAZ, : APPEAL NOS. C-130128 C-130317 and : TRIAL NO. 11CV-33720 TANDI DEPAZ, : Plaintiffs-Appellees, : O P I N I O N. vs. : BIJAN BAHRAMIAN,
Defendant-Appellant. :
Civil Appeals From: Hamilton County Municipal Court
Judgment Appealed From Is: Reversed and Cause Remanded
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: December 18, 2013
Weber & Knapp Co., LPA, and William C. Knapp, for Plaintiffs-Appellees,
David D. Donnett, for Defendant-Appellant.
Please note: this case has been removed from the accelerated calendar. OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
FISCHER, Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Bijan Bahramian appeals the judgment of the
Hamilton County Municipal Court granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs-
appellees Mario and Tandi DePaz and awarding them attorney fees under R.C.
5321.16. Because Bahramian failed to respond to the DePazes’s requests for
admissions during discovery, he admitted to failing to return the DePazes’s security
deposit without sending an itemized list of damages under R.C. 5321.16(B); however,
a genuine issue of material fact remained as to what amount, if any, was wrongfully
withheld from the DePazes’s security deposit. Therefore, we reverse the trial court’s
judgment.
{¶2} The DePazes filed a complaint in small claims court against Bahramian
in December 2011 for $2,400 plus interest and court costs. The complaint alleged
that Bahramian had failed to return the DePazes’s $1,200 security deposit to them
within 30 days and failed to send the DePazes an itemized list of deductions. After
the trial court granted Bahramian two continuances, Bahramian filed an answer and
counterclaim, alleging that the DePazes had damaged the property in the amount of
$2,958, and that he had sent a letter to the DePazes within 30 days. Subsequently,
Bahramian obtained counsel and moved to transfer the case from the small-claims
division to the regular municipal division.
{¶3} On June 19, 2012, the DePazes, who also had obtained counsel by this
time, filed a motion to compel discovery. The DePazes attached to their motion an
email chain between their counsel and Bahramian’s counsel. In an email dated May
3 to Bahramian’s counsel, counsel for the DePazes stated that no response had been
received regarding a notice of deposition for Bahramian on May 17. On May 11,
2 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Bahramian’s counsel responded that May 17 would not work for the deposition and
that he would try to respond in the next couple of days. No response was received.
{¶4} The DePazes filed a second motion to compel on July 11, 2012,
requesting that the trial court order Bahramian to respond to requests for production
of documents that had been served on Bahramian on May 21. The DePazes attached
to their motion an email from their counsel to Bahramian’s counsel, which stated
that no responses to their requests for production had been received as of July 3.
{¶5} On July 13, 2012, the parties filed an agreed entry granting the
DePazes’s motions to compel and ordering Bahramian to provide the requested
documents by July 20 and to appear for a deposition on September 5. After
Bahramian failed to produce the requested documents by the July 20 deadline, the
DePazes filed a motion to dismiss Bahramian’s counterclaim under Civ.R. 37. The
trial court granted the DePazes’s motion and struck Bahramian’s counterclaim. The
DePazes also filed a motion in limine, which sought to preclude Bahramian from
using any evidence at trial that should have been provided in response to the
DePazes’s requests for production of documents. The trial court granted the motion
in limine orally at a hearing on October 11, 2012.
{¶6} The DePazes then sought leave to file a motion for summary judgment
on October 17, 2012, which the trial court granted. In their motion, the DePazes
argued that they had served requests for admissions and interrogatories on
Bahramian’s counsel on September 14, 2012, that they had given Bahramian 30 days
to respond to the requests, and that the requests should be deemed admitted under
Civ.R. 36. The DePazes argued that Bahramian should be deemed to have admitted
that the DePazes had given Bahramian $1,200 as a security deposit, that they had
3 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
requested a return of the deposit when they had vacated, that Bahramian had notice
of their forwarding address, that Bahramian had not returned the DePazes’s security
deposit, and that Bahramian had not furnished the DePazes with an itemized list of
the alleged damages to the property. The DePazes’s motion requested damages in an
amount equal to twice the $1,200 security deposit and attorney fees as provided by
statute.
{¶7} In response to the DePazes’s summary-judgment motion, Bahramian
attached his own affidavit, averring that he had told the DePazes both orally and in
writing that the property had been damaged over and above the amount of the
security deposit.
{¶8} The trial court granted the DePazes’s motion for summary judgment in
the amount of $2,400 and set a hearing for the determination of attorney fees. The
trial court then awarded $4,343.50 in attorney fees. Bahramian filed a motion for
reconsideration of the trial court’s decisions granting summary judgment and
awarding attorney fees. He filed a notice of appeal of those decisions the same day.
Summary Judgment for Wrongfully Withholding Security Deposit
{¶9} In his first assignment of error, Bahramian argues that the trial court
erred in granting summary judgment for the DePazes on their claim under R.C.
5321.16.
{¶10} Under Civ.R. 56(C), summary judgment is appropriate when no
genuine issues of material fact remain, the moving party is entitled to judgment as a
matter of law, and it appears from the evidence that reasonable minds can come to
but one conclusion, and with the evidence construed most strongly in favor of the
nonmoving party, that conclusion is adverse to that party. Brandner v. Innovex,
4 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Inc., 2012-Ohio-462, 970 N.E.2d 1067, ¶ 13 (1st Dist.), citing Temple v. Wean
United, Inc., 50 Ohio St.2d 317, 327, 364 N.E.2d 267 (1977). In rendering summary
judgment, a court is confined to “the pleadings, depositions, answers to
interrogatories, written admissions, affidavits, transcripts of evidence, and written
stipulations of fact, if any, timely filed in the action[.]” Civ.R. 56(C). This court
reviews a summary-judgment ruling under a de novo standard of review. Brown v.
Lincoln Hts., 195 Ohio App.3d 149, 2011-Ohio-3551, 958 N.E.2d 1280, ¶ 7 (1st Dist.),
citing Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 671 N.E.2d 241 (1996).
{¶11} If a landlord refuses to return a tenant’s security deposit or provide the
tenant with a written itemization of deductions withheld by the landlord within 30
days after the tenant has delivered possession of the property, and the tenant has
provided the landlord with written notice of the tenant’s forwarding address, the
tenant can “recover the property and money due him, together with damages in an
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[Cite as Depaz v. Bahramian, 2013-Ohio-5510.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS FIRST APPELLATE DISTRICT OF OHIO HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO
MARIO DEPAZ, : APPEAL NOS. C-130128 C-130317 and : TRIAL NO. 11CV-33720 TANDI DEPAZ, : Plaintiffs-Appellees, : O P I N I O N. vs. : BIJAN BAHRAMIAN,
Defendant-Appellant. :
Civil Appeals From: Hamilton County Municipal Court
Judgment Appealed From Is: Reversed and Cause Remanded
Date of Judgment Entry on Appeal: December 18, 2013
Weber & Knapp Co., LPA, and William C. Knapp, for Plaintiffs-Appellees,
David D. Donnett, for Defendant-Appellant.
Please note: this case has been removed from the accelerated calendar. OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
FISCHER, Judge.
{¶1} Defendant-appellant Bijan Bahramian appeals the judgment of the
Hamilton County Municipal Court granting summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs-
appellees Mario and Tandi DePaz and awarding them attorney fees under R.C.
5321.16. Because Bahramian failed to respond to the DePazes’s requests for
admissions during discovery, he admitted to failing to return the DePazes’s security
deposit without sending an itemized list of damages under R.C. 5321.16(B); however,
a genuine issue of material fact remained as to what amount, if any, was wrongfully
withheld from the DePazes’s security deposit. Therefore, we reverse the trial court’s
judgment.
{¶2} The DePazes filed a complaint in small claims court against Bahramian
in December 2011 for $2,400 plus interest and court costs. The complaint alleged
that Bahramian had failed to return the DePazes’s $1,200 security deposit to them
within 30 days and failed to send the DePazes an itemized list of deductions. After
the trial court granted Bahramian two continuances, Bahramian filed an answer and
counterclaim, alleging that the DePazes had damaged the property in the amount of
$2,958, and that he had sent a letter to the DePazes within 30 days. Subsequently,
Bahramian obtained counsel and moved to transfer the case from the small-claims
division to the regular municipal division.
{¶3} On June 19, 2012, the DePazes, who also had obtained counsel by this
time, filed a motion to compel discovery. The DePazes attached to their motion an
email chain between their counsel and Bahramian’s counsel. In an email dated May
3 to Bahramian’s counsel, counsel for the DePazes stated that no response had been
received regarding a notice of deposition for Bahramian on May 17. On May 11,
2 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Bahramian’s counsel responded that May 17 would not work for the deposition and
that he would try to respond in the next couple of days. No response was received.
{¶4} The DePazes filed a second motion to compel on July 11, 2012,
requesting that the trial court order Bahramian to respond to requests for production
of documents that had been served on Bahramian on May 21. The DePazes attached
to their motion an email from their counsel to Bahramian’s counsel, which stated
that no responses to their requests for production had been received as of July 3.
{¶5} On July 13, 2012, the parties filed an agreed entry granting the
DePazes’s motions to compel and ordering Bahramian to provide the requested
documents by July 20 and to appear for a deposition on September 5. After
Bahramian failed to produce the requested documents by the July 20 deadline, the
DePazes filed a motion to dismiss Bahramian’s counterclaim under Civ.R. 37. The
trial court granted the DePazes’s motion and struck Bahramian’s counterclaim. The
DePazes also filed a motion in limine, which sought to preclude Bahramian from
using any evidence at trial that should have been provided in response to the
DePazes’s requests for production of documents. The trial court granted the motion
in limine orally at a hearing on October 11, 2012.
{¶6} The DePazes then sought leave to file a motion for summary judgment
on October 17, 2012, which the trial court granted. In their motion, the DePazes
argued that they had served requests for admissions and interrogatories on
Bahramian’s counsel on September 14, 2012, that they had given Bahramian 30 days
to respond to the requests, and that the requests should be deemed admitted under
Civ.R. 36. The DePazes argued that Bahramian should be deemed to have admitted
that the DePazes had given Bahramian $1,200 as a security deposit, that they had
3 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
requested a return of the deposit when they had vacated, that Bahramian had notice
of their forwarding address, that Bahramian had not returned the DePazes’s security
deposit, and that Bahramian had not furnished the DePazes with an itemized list of
the alleged damages to the property. The DePazes’s motion requested damages in an
amount equal to twice the $1,200 security deposit and attorney fees as provided by
statute.
{¶7} In response to the DePazes’s summary-judgment motion, Bahramian
attached his own affidavit, averring that he had told the DePazes both orally and in
writing that the property had been damaged over and above the amount of the
security deposit.
{¶8} The trial court granted the DePazes’s motion for summary judgment in
the amount of $2,400 and set a hearing for the determination of attorney fees. The
trial court then awarded $4,343.50 in attorney fees. Bahramian filed a motion for
reconsideration of the trial court’s decisions granting summary judgment and
awarding attorney fees. He filed a notice of appeal of those decisions the same day.
Summary Judgment for Wrongfully Withholding Security Deposit
{¶9} In his first assignment of error, Bahramian argues that the trial court
erred in granting summary judgment for the DePazes on their claim under R.C.
5321.16.
{¶10} Under Civ.R. 56(C), summary judgment is appropriate when no
genuine issues of material fact remain, the moving party is entitled to judgment as a
matter of law, and it appears from the evidence that reasonable minds can come to
but one conclusion, and with the evidence construed most strongly in favor of the
nonmoving party, that conclusion is adverse to that party. Brandner v. Innovex,
4 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Inc., 2012-Ohio-462, 970 N.E.2d 1067, ¶ 13 (1st Dist.), citing Temple v. Wean
United, Inc., 50 Ohio St.2d 317, 327, 364 N.E.2d 267 (1977). In rendering summary
judgment, a court is confined to “the pleadings, depositions, answers to
interrogatories, written admissions, affidavits, transcripts of evidence, and written
stipulations of fact, if any, timely filed in the action[.]” Civ.R. 56(C). This court
reviews a summary-judgment ruling under a de novo standard of review. Brown v.
Lincoln Hts., 195 Ohio App.3d 149, 2011-Ohio-3551, 958 N.E.2d 1280, ¶ 7 (1st Dist.),
citing Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 671 N.E.2d 241 (1996).
{¶11} If a landlord refuses to return a tenant’s security deposit or provide the
tenant with a written itemization of deductions withheld by the landlord within 30
days after the tenant has delivered possession of the property, and the tenant has
provided the landlord with written notice of the tenant’s forwarding address, the
tenant can “recover the property and money due him, together with damages in an
amount equal to the amount wrongfully withheld, and reasonable attorneys fees.”
R.C. 5321.16(B) and (C).
{¶12} “[M]oney due” and “the amount wrongfully withheld” as used in R.C.
5321.16(C) mean the security deposit, minus any legitimate deductions by a landlord
for unpaid rent or damages to the property. Vardeman v. Llewellyn, 17 Ohio St.3d
24, 29, 476 N.E.2d 1038 (1985). Thus, even if a landlord fails to provide a tenant
with an itemized list of deductions as required by R.C. 5321.16(B), a landlord
remains liable for double damages as to the amount “wrongfully withheld” and not
the entire security deposit. Id. As a general matter, “the amount wrongfully
withheld” under R.C. 5321.16(C) involves disputed issues of material fact, which
5 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
would ordinarily preclude summary judgment. Williams v. Glaser, 1st Dist.
Hamilton No. C-000539, 2001 Ohio App. LEXIS 1790, *8-9 (Apr. 20, 2001).
{¶13} Under Civ.R. 36, if a party fails to respond to requests for admissions
with a written answer or objection within 28 days after service of the requests, or
within the time allotted by the court, the requests are admitted. Civ.R. 36(A)(1).
Because requests for admissions are “self-executing,” the matters in the requests are
admitted without any further action required by the requesting party. (Internal
citations omitted.) Palmer-Donavin v. Hanna, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 06AP-699,
2007-Ohio-2242, ¶ 10. Civ.R. 36(B) provides that “[a]ny matter admitted under this
rule is conclusively established unless the court on motion permits withdrawal or
amendment of the admission.” Therefore, summary judgment may be granted on
facts deemed admitted under Civ.R. 36. Progressive Cas. Ins. Co. v. Harrison, 2d
Dist. Montgomery No. 21521, 2007-Ohio-579, ¶ 10.
{¶14} By failing to respond to the DePazes’s requests for admissions,
Bahramian admitted that the DePazes had given him $1,200 as a security deposit
and that they had requested a return of the deposit when they had vacated.
Bahramian also admitted that he had had notice of the DePazes’s forwarding
address, but that he had failed to return the security deposit or to furnish the
DePazes with an itemized list of the alleged damages to the property within the
required timeframe.
{¶15} Despite these admissions, Bahramian averred in his affidavit in
response to the DePazes’s motion for summary judgment that he had told the
DePazes that the property had been damaged over and above the amount of the
security deposit. The DePazes argue that Bahramian only averred that he had
6 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
communicated to them an allegation that damage had been done, but that
Bahramian failed to affirmatively aver that the DePazes had damaged the property.
The DePazes note that Bahramian deliberately worded his affidavit to conform to the
trial court’s earlier oral statement that Bahramian would be barred from presenting
at trial any documents that should have been produced in discovery.
{¶16} Even though the trial court barred Bahramian from asserting a
counterclaim for damages to the property and orally stated that Bahramian would be
precluded from introducing at trial any documents that would have been responsive
to the DePazes’s requests for production of documents, Bahramian’s affidavit created
a genuine issue of material fact as to the amount of the deposit wrongfully withheld,
if any, from the DePazes. See Vardeman, 17 Ohio St.3d at 29, 476 N.E.2d 1038.
{¶17} Because a genuine issue of material fact remained as to what amount,
if any, was wrongfully withheld from the DePazes by Bahramian, the trial court erred
in granting summary judgment to the DePazes on their claim under R.C. 5321.16.
Therefore, we sustain Bahramian’s first assignment of error.
Attorney Fees
{¶18} In his second assignment of error, Bahramian argues that the trial
court erred in awarding the DePazes attorney fees under R.C. 5321.16(C) because
they did not seek attorney fees in their complaint, nor did they seek leave to amend
their complaint. Solely for the reasons set forth in the disposition of Bahramian’s
first assignment of error, we also determine that the trial court erred in awarding
attorney fees under R.C. 5321.16(C). Therefore, we sustain Bahramian’s second
assignment of error in so far as we reverse the award of attorney fees.
7 OHIO FIRST DISTRICT COURT OF APPEALS
Motion to Reconsider is Moot
{¶19} In his third assignment of error, Bahramian argues that the trial court
erred in denying his motion to reconsider the trial court’s rulings granting summary
judgment to the DePazes and awarding them attorney fees. Given our resolution of
Bahramian’s first and second assignments of error, his third assignment of error is
moot, and we decline to address it. See App.R. 12(A)(1)(c).
Conclusion
{¶20} In conclusion, the judgment of the trial court granting summary
judgment and awarding attorney fees to the DePazes is reversed, and this cause is
remanded for proceedings consistent with the law and this opinion.
Judgment reversed and cause remanded.
CUNNINGHAM, P.J., and DINKELACKER, J., concur.
Please note: The court has recorded its own entry on the date of the release of this opinion.