DePalma v. Bates County Mutual Insurance Co.

24 S.W.3d 766, 2000 Mo. App. LEXIS 1153, 2000 WL 1029050
CourtMissouri Court of Appeals
DecidedJuly 25, 2000
DocketNo. WD 57329
StatusPublished
Cited by1 cases

This text of 24 S.W.3d 766 (DePalma v. Bates County Mutual Insurance Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Missouri Court of Appeals primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
DePalma v. Bates County Mutual Insurance Co., 24 S.W.3d 766, 2000 Mo. App. LEXIS 1153, 2000 WL 1029050 (Mo. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

VICTOR C. HOWARD, Judge.

Bates County Mutual Insurance Company appeals the trial court’s judgment directing a verdict at the close of all the evidence for Anthony J. DePalma, who sued the insurance company for recovery of his losses from a 1993 fire which destroyed his residence.

We affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.

Facts

On September 29, 1992, Bates County Mutual issued an insurance policy to De-Palma and his wife, Janet DePalma, insuring their house, which they owned as tenants by the entirety, and its contents. The policy named DePalma and his wife as insureds.

About a year later, on September 7, 1993, fire destroyed the house, insured for $30,000, and $13,577.89 worth of personal property. DePalma admitted that his wife was directly responsible for the fire and that she had, therefore, forfeited any right of recovery under the insurance policy. DePalma, however, sought reimbursement for his loss under the insurance policy as an “innocent spouse.” He said that, because he had no involvement in setting the fire and did not conceal from Bates County Mutual that his now-divorced wife had set the fire, Bates County Mutual should cover his share of the loss. When Bates County Mutual refused to pay his claim, DePalma sued.

The trial court initially granted summary judgment for Bates County Mutual, and DePalma appealed. This court reversed the trial court’s judgment in DePalma v. Bates County Mutual Insurance Company, 923 S.W.2d 385, 388 (Mo.App. W.D.1996) (“DePalma I ”). In that case, this court addressed the issue of “whether an innocent spouse may recover for loss to property owned by the couple as tenants by the entirety but destroyed intentionally by the other spouse under an insurance policy issued jointly to the couple.” We held that an insurance policy’s unambiguous language determines the issue. Id.

In denying coverage, Bates County Mutual relied solely on its policy’s provision [768]*768that “[i]f you or any other insured under this policy has intentionally concealed or misrepresented any material fact or circumstance relating to this insurance, whether before or after a loss, then this policy is void as to you and any other insured.” Id. This court ruled that this provision meant that if either DePalma or his wife committed fraud or misrepresented material facts, the insurance policy prohibited both of them from recovering under the policy without regard to whether one of them was innocent of wrongdoing. We determined, however, that the provision did not apply to DePalma’s claim because nothing in the record suggested that DePalma or his wife intentionally concealed or misrepresented anything. Id. This court ruled that arson “does not equate to fraud” and, to be entitled to summary judgment based on the policy provision, Bates County Mutual was obligated to establish that DePalma or his wife “intentionally concealed or misrepresented” a material fact or circumstance relating to the insurance. Id. Because nothing in the record established this, this court ruled that summary judgment was improper, and we reversed and remanded for further proceedings. Id.

After the remand, the trial court convened a trial. The trial court sustained DePalma’s motion for directed verdict at the close of the evidence on the grounds that the evidence did not establish that DePalma had breached the insurance policy or, if there was a breach, the breach was not material to the contract and was not the cause of Bates County Mutual’s denial of the claim. The trial court also held that Janet DePalma could not recover under the insurance policy because she had intentionally destroyed the insured property. The court found that Anthony DePalma was entitled to recover half of the value of the personal property destroyed ($6,788.95), the principal and interest due on the house’s mortgage on the day of the fire or the amount of the policy’s dwelling coverage, whichever was less, plus nine percent interest from the date of judgment. This appeal follows.

Point I

In its first point on appeal, Bates County Mutual argues that the trial court erred in denying its motions for directed verdict, judgment notwithstanding the verdict and motion for new trial because De-Palma was barred, as a matter of law, from recovering under the insurance policy. Bates County Mutual asserts that because the undisputed evidence established that one of the co-insureds intentionally set the fire, DePalma could not recover under the policy because the couple jointly owned the property and because the policy’s named insured was a single entity consisting of the marital community of Anthony and Janet DePalma.

The question of whether a spouse not participating or ratifying an arson by the other spouse is barred as a matter of law from recovery was decided in DePalma I. That determination is, with limited exceptions, the law of the case as to issues that were raised or could have been raised in the first appeal. State ex rel. Missouri Highway and Transp. Comm’n v. McDonald’s Corp., 934 S.W.2d 10, 12 (Mo.App. E.D.1996). A review of the briefs in DePalma I indicates that in fact the same theory was raised and rejected. The only difference is that Bates County Mutual has since discovered another decision upon which to base the same argument. Point I is denied.

Point II

In its second point, Bates County Mutual contends that the trial court erred in directing a verdict for DePalma at the close of all of the evidence and in overruling its motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict and, in the alternative, its motion for new trial because sufficient evidence existed from which a fact finder could have concluded that DePalma intentionally concealed or misrepresented a material fact. Bates County Mutual asserts [769]*769that DePalma submitted a signed, sworn statement to Bates County Mutual in a proof of loss form and represented that “the said loss did not originate by any act, design or procurement on the part of your insured, or this affiant; nothing has been done by or with the privity or consent of your insured or this affiant, to violate the conditions of the policy, or render it void.” DePalma also left blank the question which asked what was the cause and origin of the fire. Bates County Mutual asserts that DePalma made these representations and concealments at a time when he knew that his wife, an insured, had intentionally set the house on fire.

“A directed verdict is a drastic action to be taken sparingly and only where reasonable persons in an honest and impartial exercise in their duty could not differ on a correct disposition of the case.” Oak Bluff Partners, Inc. v. Meyer, 3 S.W.3d 777, 783 (Mo. banc 1999). “If the facts are such that reasonable minds could draw differing conclusions, the issue becomes a question for the jury, and a directed verdict is improper.” Crabtree v. Bugby, 967 S.W.2d 66, 70 (Mo. banc 1998). In reviewing whether the trial court erred in directing the verdict in DePalma’s favor, we review the evidence and reasonable inferences in the light most favorable to Bates County Mutual. Wessler v. Wessler,

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Bluebook (online)
24 S.W.3d 766, 2000 Mo. App. LEXIS 1153, 2000 WL 1029050, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/depalma-v-bates-county-mutual-insurance-co-moctapp-2000.