Denyale M. Miller v. Roberty Lilly

• Court: Court of Chancery of Delaware
• Decided: December 12, 2023
• Docket: C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM
• Status: Published

Opinion

COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE LOREN MITCHELL LEONARD L. WILLIAMS JUSTICE CENTER MAGISTRATE IN CHANCERY 500 NORTH KING STREET, SUITE 11400 WILMINGTON, DE 19801-3734

Final Report: December 12, 2023 Date Submitted: September 27, 2023

Michael R. Ippoliti, Esquire William J. Rhodunda, Jr. Esquire Ippoliti Law Group Rhodunda, Williams & Kondraschow 1225 N. King Street, Suite 900 1521 Concord Pike, Suite 205 Wilmington, DE 19801 Wilmington, DE 19803 Attorney for Denyale Miller Attorney for Robert Lilly

RE: Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM

Dear Counsel,

This is a petition for partition of real property in Newark, Delaware. While

the partition action was pending, the parties agreed to the sale of the property on

their own—without assistance from the Court. Before me remains the last stage of

the partition proceeding, the distribution of the proceeds from the sale of the

property. 1 The parties disagree about how the proceeds of the sale should be

distributed. Although a portion of the proceeds have already been distributed to one

of the parties, all the proceeds remain at issue for me to apportion. 2 Both parties

1 Ponder v. Willey, 2020 WL 6735715, at *1 (Del. Ch. Nov. 17, 2020), report and recommendation adopted, (Del. Ch. 2020). 2 At the end of trial, counsel for the parties disagreed on whether there was an agreement to distribute at least 50 percent of the proceeds from the sale to the Respondent Lilly. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 2 of 13

seek offsets for various payments or improvements. Below I consider those

arguments. This is my post-hearing final report.

I. Background3

On January 19, 2016, the Petitioner, Denayle Miller (“Petitioner or Miller”),

and Respondent, Robert Lilly (“Respondent or Lilly”), purchased a home at 205

Stature Drive, Newark, DE 19713 (the “Property”), as joint tenants with the right to

survivorship. 4 When they purchased the home, the parties were in a romantic

relationship, shared one daughter5, but were unmarried.6 Petitioner’s mother loaned

the parties approximately $6,000 (six thousand dollars) towards the down payment.7

The couple lived in the home, as a family, with their daughter and Lilly’s son,

for about 14 months.8 While they lived together, the couple agreed that Lilly would

be responsible for the mortgage (which included the property taxes and

3 The referenced facts represent the relevant facts, based on my determinations of credibility, used to determine this report as well as my findings based on the relevant submissions, post-trial submission, and the record developed at the September 6, 2023, evidentiary hearing with respect to the division of proceeds from the sale of the home. The procedural history is available in the record. Testimony from the hearing is citied as “[Name] Tr.” See Tr. of September 6, 2023, Evidentiary Hr’g (Docket item “D.I.”. 65). 4 Compl. (D. I. 1). 5 Miller Tr. 13:9-10. 6 Compl. (D. I. 1). 7 Miller Tr. 13:12-22. 8 Miller Tr. 17:17-18:9. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 3 of 13

homeowner’s insurance) and Miller would cover the couple’s reoccurring monthly

expenses, including monthly streaming accounts, trash collection, utilities

(Delmarva and home security) and daycare. 9 Miller also carried the car insurance

for their vehicles at that time.10 In 2017, the parties decided to separate, and Miller

filed a partition action in this Court on March 9, 2017. 11 On June 14, 2017, Miller

voluntarily dismissed the action without prejudice12 because she and Lilly agreed to

reconcile.13 The relationship began to deteriorate, again, in February of 2018.14

Miller eventually moved out on October 18, 2018.

In May of 2018, while the couple was still intact, the family took a vacation

to Puerto Rico.15 The vacation was cut short due to a severe storm on the island.16

When they returned home, they discovered that a tree had fallen on the Property.17

9 (Lilly) Tr. at 101. 10 (Lilly) Tr. at 106. 11 2017-0183-MTZ. 12 D.I. 1; 2017-0183-MTZ. 13 (Miller) Tr. 19:1-21; (Lilly) Tr. 66:19- 67:5. 14 (Miller) Tr. 20:22:21. 15 (Lilly) Tr. 67:9-19. 16 Id. 17 Id. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 4 of 13

They immediately sprang into action and contacted the homeowner’s insurance.18

The tree had damaged both the interior and exterior of the home. 19 Somehow the

storm also damaged a pipe, causing water to flood the first floor carpeting and hard

wood flooring.20 The water also caused flooding in the basement. 21 The following

day, Lilly resumed the bulk of the repair efforts while Miller returned to work.

Sometime after the property damage occurred, while Lilly was at work, his

son returned home to find that all of Miller’s things had been moved out of the home.

Miller testified that in February of that year, Lilly had begun to tell her she needed

to leave and that “he couldn’t live like this anymore.” Accordingly, she began

preparing to leave. She viewed the Puerto Rico trip as a last-ditch effort to reconcile

and when it didn’t work, she left the home.

After Miller left the home, she continued to pay the expenses she previously

paid, but stopped paying Lilly’s car insurance and utilities for the Property. 22 Lilly

continued to exclusively pay the mortgage. Between March of 2019 and June of

18 Id. 19 (Lilly) Tr. 71:6-20. 20 (Miller) Tr. 32:13-18. 21 (Lilly) Tr. 102:23. 22 But see Tr. 17. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 5 of 13

2020, neither party paid the mortgage.23 Lilly resumed the mortgage payments in

July of 2022 after obtaining a loan modification. 24

On October 11, 2021, Petitioner filed this petition for partition. 25 After a

series of procedural events, this case was reassigned to me following the sale of the

Property, on December 14, 2022. 26 The parties submitted their respective cases

regarding the distribution of the proceeds on September 6, 2023, in New Castle

County.27 The parties requested to supplement their submissions to further support

their respective arguments for the apportionment following the hearing.28 They were

due within three weeks of the hearing.29 I did not receive a submission for Petitioner

Danyale Miller. 30

23 Tr. 73:2-20. 24 Id. 25 D.I. 1. 26 D.I. 23. 27 D.I. 62. 28 Tr. 14:1-13. 29 D.I. 62. 30 D.I. 64. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 6 of 13

II. Analysis

A. Sale Proceeds in Dispute.

After the Property had been partitioned and sold, the net sum available from

the sale was $52,012.41.31 Each parties’ attorney took approximately one-half, or

$26,006.20, and held it in their respective accounts. Respondent asserts that the

parties previously agreed that he was unequivocally entitled to at least 50% of the

proceeds of the sale.32 As such, and in accordance with that agreement, 50% of the

proceeds which his former attorney held were already distributed to him.33

Despite the distribution, at trial the parties disagreed on the amount in

dispute.34 Petitioner’s attorney denied any settlement agreement 35 and asserts that

100% of the proceeds remain at issue for distribution by this recommendation.36

Although the Respondent included evidence of back-and-forth settlement

negotiations in the trial exhibits 37, I decline to take the settlement negotiations into

31 Tr. 80:4-7. 32 Tr. 141:21-24-Tr. 142. 33 Tr. 141:21-24-Tr. 142 34 Tr. 140:17-24. 35 Tr. 81:1-12. 36 Tr. 142:12-14:10. 37 See D.I. 14; D.I. 23; D.I. 26 – D.I. 30. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 7 of 13

consideration to determine the amount in dispute. Given the clear disconnect

between the arrangement of what the parties discussed, and in the interest of equity,

this report considers the entire $52,012.41 in dispute. I start under the equitable

principal that each co-tenant is entitled to an equal division based on their ownership

interest. Therefore, the parties are entitled to split the proceeds equally subject to

the specific credits and offsets noted below.

B. Petitioner Should Receive Credit for the Loan Used for the Down Payment.

Petitioner seeks a credit for half of a $6,000.00 loan the parties received from

her mother towards the downpayment of the home38. She testified that her mother

had given them $6,000.00 towards the downpayment of the house under a verbal

agreement that they would pay her back. 39 Respondent testified that he believed the

money from Petitioner’s mother was a gift to them.40 Petitioner acknowledged that

the couple submitted a letter to the mortgage company calling the money a gift, but

38 It is unclear the exact amount of the loan. From the closing disclosure, the amount required to close was just over $6,000, however, when discussed at trial—both parties refer to the loan amount as $6,000. To the extent Petitioner seeks more than $6,000, the request is not properly before the Court and Petitioner has failed to meet her burden. 39 (Miller) Tr.13:13-14:1. 40 (Lilly) Tr. 79:17-20. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 8 of 13

that both parties knew that her mother expected to be repaid.41 Petitioner paid her

mother back at the end of 2020, or beginning of 2021 without credit from

Respondent.42 I find Petitioner’s testimony that the money for the downpayment

was a loan from her mother, to be credible. Accordingly, Petitioner shall be credited

$3,000.00 from Respondent’s share. With both parties starting with $26,006.20

from the sale proceeds, the $3,000.00 credit to the Petitioner makes the new total,

$29,006.20 for Petitioner, and $23,006.20 for Respondent.

C. Respondent Should Receive Credit for the Mortgage, Insurance, and Taxes for the Time he lived in the Property Alone.

Under Delaware law, absent an agreement to the contrary, a cotenant has a

duty to pay their proportional share of the carrying cost for the home, even when the

other tenant occupies the home exclusively. 43 Here, those costs are the mortgage,

homeowners’ insurance, and taxes. Neither party submitted a copy of the mortgage

statement, but based on testimony and the closing documents submitted, all those

costs were included in the monthly mortgage payment.44

41 (Miller) Tr. 135:19-136:1; (Miller) Tr. 130:9-131:6. 42 (Miller) Tr. 130:19-24; Tr. 131:1. 43 See Est. of Weber v. Weber, 2014 WL 589714, at *5 (Del. Ch. Feb. 17, 2014). 44 To the extent Miller believed she was paying the homeowners insurance with her USAA auto insurance, she failed to provide a detail statement saying so. Rather, it appeared Miller Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 9 of 13

Lilly seeks credit from Miller for the payments he made on the mortgage. It

is undisputed that Respondent made 100 percent of the mortgage payments from the

time they owned the home together, in January 2016, until October 2018.45

Petitioner acknowledges that Lilly paid the mortgage while she lived in the home

but credibly testified that he did so because of their mutual agreement that he would

pay the mortgage and she would pay the other reoccurring expenses for the home.46

Respondent denies that the parties had a formalized agreement regarding the bills,

however he acknowledges that he assumed the responsibility of paying 100 percent

of the mortgage while the parties lived together.47 Miller testified that she paid for

groceries for everyone in the home (including Lilly’s teenage son), the electric bill,

Comcast bill, car insurance, and daycare for their daughter while she worked and

attended school.48

Based on the testimony, I am convinced that the parties had some shared

agreement regarding the mortgage for the portion of time they lived together. Lilly

lacked an understanding between the differences of hazard insurance, homeowners’ insurance, and mortgage insurance (PMI). 45 (Miller) Tr. 133:2-10. 46 (Miler) Tr. 14:12-18; (Lilly) Tr. 101:9-24. 47 (Lilly) Tr. 101:9-24. 48 (Miler) Tr. 14:12-17:16. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 10 of 13

testified that he felt it was his duty to pay the mortgage as a man49 and Miller testified

that she was the primary parent for the children and covering other expenses.50

Traditional arrangements like this are common and as such, in equity, Lilly should

not receive any credit for these carrying costs for the time they lived together and

agreed to apportion the household expenses.

When Petitioner left the home, she remained obligated to Respondent for her

portion of the mortgage. Lilly stayed in the home alone from October 19, 2018, up

to the time the home was sold on December 6, 2022.51 They lived in the home

together between January 2016 and October 2018—when Miller stopped

contributing. Lilly should receive credit for the time he lived in the home alone and

Petitioner failed to contribute to the mortgage, taxes, and homeowner’s insurance.

Lilly is entitled to recoupment of the portion of the mortgage Miller was responsible

for after she left the home. The Respondent submitted documentation to show

$80,203.54 in mortgage payments paid by Lilly between March of 2017 and

December of 2022. 52 Miller left the home in the middle of October, after the October

49 (Lilly) Tr. 101:9-102:3. 50 (Miller) Tr. 16:1-23. 51 Tr. Exhibit A. 52 Tr. Exhibit A. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 11 of 13

mortgage payment was made. As such, I am only considering mortgage payments

Lilly made starting in November of 2018. Between November of 2018 and

December 2022, Lilly paid $46,640.66 in mortgage payments for the home.53 As a

cotenant, Miller was responsible to pay half of that cost, or $23,320.33. Thus, the

Respondent should be given credit for the $23,320.33 from Petitioner’s share of the

proceeds. The prior allocation of $29,006.20 for Petitioner will be reduced by

$23,320.33, for an updated total of $5,685.70 to Petitioner and $46,326.30 to

Respondent.

D. Respondent Should Not Receive Credit for Repairs and Improvements.

Respondent seeks credits for repairs he made to the Property when a tree fell

on the home, and for maintaining the home for the entirety of the party’s ownership.

Delaware law is clear that living expenses of a cotenant in possession of joint

property (including repairs, maintenance, and utilities) need not be shared by the

other cotenant(s). 54 Not only were many of respondent’s payments reimbursed and

compensable by the insurance coverage, to the extent Respondent seeks

reimbursement of his out-of-pocket costs, the law does not impose an obligation for

53 Id. 54 Weber, 2014 WL 589714 at *5. Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 12 of 13

credit of repairs. There is no evidence the parties had any agreement that Petitioner

was to cover any of the out-of-pocket cost. Importantly, there was no evidence or

expert testimony to show that the repairs constituted actual improvements and

increased the value of the home at the time it was sold. As such, Respondent is not

entitled to a credit for expenses incurred related to repairs and home maintenance.

E. Petitioner Should Not Receive Credits for Childcare.

To the extent Petitioner sought credit or payment for child support arrears, I

find that is a separate matter entirely and will not impose credits for child support.

Child support payments are not relevant to a partition action. 55 For the time the

parties resided in the home together and agreed to cover childcare as a part of the

shared expenses, Petitioner’s credit has been attributed as mentioned above.

Likewise, to the extent Lilly is seeking reimbursement for insurance checks alleged

to have been deposited into Miller’s account for childcare related expenses, I decline

to attribute insurance payments intended for home repairs to Lilly as a part of this

report.

55 Est. of Davis, 2023 WL 4482223, at *2 (Del. Ch. July 11, 2023). Denyale M. Miller v. Robert Lilly, C.A. No. 2021-0873-LM December 12, 2023 Page 13 of 13

III. Conclusion

For the foregoing reasons, Petitioner is entitled to $5,685.70 and Respondent

is entitled to $46,326.30 of the proceeds from the sale of the Property. This

represents an initial split of 50% to Petitioner and 50% to Respondent with a

$3,000.00 credit to Petitioner for the down payment from Respondent’s initial share,

and $23,320.33 credit to Respondent for the mortgage payments from Petitioner’s

share of the proceeds.

This is a final report and exceptions may be taken pursuant to Court of

Chancery Rule 144.

Respectfully submitted, /s/ Loren Mitchell Magistrate in Chancery