Dennis Verner v. National Oilwell Varco, Inc., F/K/A National Oilwell, Inc.

• Court: Court of Appeals of Texas
• Decided: June 22, 2011
• Docket: 08-09-00244-CV
• Status: Published

Opinion

COURT OF APPEALS EIGHTH DISTRICT OF TEXAS EL PASO, TEXAS

DENNIS VERNER, § No. 08-09-00244-CV Appellant, § Appeal from the v. § 143rd Judicial District Court § NATIONAL OILWELL VARCO, INC., of Reeves County, Texas F/K/A NATIONAL OILWELL, INC., § (TC# 08-12-19249-CVR) Appellee. §

OPINION

Dennis Verner appeals from a take-nothing summary judgment in favor of National

Oilwell Varco, Inc. In his first issue, Mr. Verner challenges the trial court’s summary judgment

order granting Appellee’s bill of review based on a lack of service of process. In his second

issue, Mr. Verner contends that genuine issues of material fact should have precluded summary

judgment in his personal injury suit. Affirmed.

Dennis Verner suffered personal injuries in June 2003, while working on a conduction oil

rig owned by Patterson Drilling South, LP., in Reeves County, Texas. Mr. Verner filed suit on

May 27, 2005, alleging the negligence of several defendants caused the rig’s top drive to fail,

which in turn caused his injuries (the personal injury suit). According to the original petition,

“National Oil Well, Inc.,” owned and operated some portion of the drilling equipment that failed.

The petition stated

Defendant, NATIONAL OIL WELL, INC., is incorporated under the laws of the State of Texas and has its principle place of business in Texas. It can be served with citation by serving its registered agent for service of process, CT Corporation System, at 811 Dallas Avenue, Houston, Texas 77002.

The District Clerk of Reeves County issued service of process on May 31, 2005.

“National Oil Well, Inc.” did not file an answer or otherwise respond to the citation. On

August 2, 2005, the office of the Secretary of the State of Texas certified that it received a copy

of the citation and petition on July 14, 2005, and that the process was forwarded to CT

Corporation System by certified mail, return receipt requested, on July 20, 2005. The process

was returned on August 1, 2005, as undeliverable. The trial court entered a default judgment in

excess of $400,000 for Mr. Verner on July 28, 2006, against “National Oil Well, Inc.”

On December 15, 2008, “National Oilwell Varco, Inc., f/k/a/ National Oilwell, Inc.” filed

a petition for bill of review to set aside the default judgment on the basis that the company was

never served with process.1 The entity alleged that it did not become aware of Mr. Verner’s suit

until October 9, 2008, when execution of the judgment was attempted on property owned by

another entity known as “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.” Appellee’s relationship to “National

Oilwell Varco, L.P.” remains unclear.

However, the appellate record contains no less than six other business entities who are

involved, or are alleged to have been involved, in Appellee’s relationship to the top rig that

caused Mr. Verner’s injuries. These other entities include three different entities known as

“National Oilwell Inc.,” one entity known as “National Oilwell, L.P.,” one entity known as

National Oilwell Varco, L.P.,” and another entity known as “NOW Oilfield Services, Inc.”

The first, “National Oilwell, Inc.,” existed as a corporation created under Delaware law in

1 For ease of reference, we will refer to National Oilwell Varco, Inc., as “Appellee” throughout this opinion. Other business entities will be referred to by their full names as necessary.

-2- 1987, and dissolved in 1995. This prior “National Oilwell, Inc.” was registered to do business in

Texas during its existence and had appointed “CT Corporation” of Houston, as its agent for

service of process. Sometime after this entity’s dissolution, the second “National Oilwell, Inc.,”

was created, also under the laws of the State of Delaware. According to a certificate of fact

created by Texas’s Secretary of State, this post-1995 “National Oilwell, Inc.,” was never

registered to do business in Texas, and had no relationship with CT Corporation.

Sometime between 1995 and 2005, the second “National Oilwell Inc.” split into two

separate entities. One part became the third “National Oilwell, Inc.,” while the other became

“National Oilwell, L.P.” “National Oilwell, L.P.” became “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.,” in

2005. “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.” is not registered to do business in Texas, and has no

registered agent for service of process in the state. “NOW Oilfield Services, Inc.,” is the general

partner of “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.,” and is in turn owned by the third “National Oilwell,

Inc.” As with “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.” neither of these entities were created under the

laws of the State of Texas, neither are registered to do business in Texas, and neither have

appointed an agent for service of process in the state. It is unclear exactly how Appellee,

“National Oilwell Varco, Inc.,” is related to any of these other entities. In addition, there is no

reference in the record to the entity“National Oil Well, Inc.,” the named defendant on the default

judgment.

Mr. Verner filed a general denial and a “Trial Brief,” in response to Appellee’s petition

for bill of review. In the brief, Mr. Verner argued: (1) that a certificate from the Secretary of

State conclusively established that process was served; and (2) that Appellee was doing business

as “National Oilwell” in all counties in Texas and was therefore bound by the judgment taken

-3- under its assumed name.

Appellee filed a motion for summary judgment on its bill of review on March 2, 2009.

Appellee argued it was entitled to summary judgment on its claim of lack of service for three

reasons: (1) the Secretary of State’s certificate documenting the citation in the personal injury

suit was “undeliverable” constitutes prima facie evidence that citation was not served; (2)

uncontroverted evidence establishes a lack of service; and (3) Mr. Verner’s attempt to serve a

foreign entity through the Secretary of State was defective. Following Mr. Verner’s summary

judgment response, the trial court granted Appellee’s motion, set aside the default judgment, and

returned the parties to their original status in the personal injury suit. The judgment did not

specify the basis for the court’s ruling.

Appellee subsequently moved for summary judgment on Mr. Verner’s negligence claim.

As grounds for summary judgment, Appellee argued that Mr. Verner’s cause of action must fail

as a matter of law because Appellee did not own, sell, or lease the top drive equipment that was

implicated in Mr. Verner’s petition, or, because Appellee did not employ the individuals who

operated or otherwise worked on the top drive. The trial court granted Appellee’s second motion

for summary judgment and entered a take-noting judgment on Mr. Verner’s cause of action on

August 21, 2009. Again, the court did not specify the basis for its decision. On appeal,

Mr. Verner raises two issues challenging the trial court’s bill of review summary judgment, and

the personal injury suit summary judgment respectively.

A traditional summary judgment is subject to de novo review. Provident Life & Accident

Ins. Co. v. Knott, 128 S.W.3d 211, 215 (Tex. 2003). To succeed on a traditional motion for

summary judgment, the movant must establish that there is no genuine issue of material fact so

-4- that judgment should be granted as a matter of law. Diversicare Gen. Patrner., Inc. v. Rubio,

185 S.W.3d 842, 846 (Tex. 2005). Summary judgment is therefore properly granted if the

defendant disproves at least one essential element of the plaintiff’s cause of action, or establishes

all essential elements of an affirmative defense. See D. Houston, Inc. v. Love, 92 S.W.3d 450,

454 (Tex. 2002); Shah v. Moss, 67 S.W.3d 836, 842 (Tex. 2001). If the movant is successful in

establishing its right to judgment as a matter of law, the burden then shifts to the non-movant to

produce evidence raising a genuine issue of material fact. City of Houston v. Clear Creek Basin

Auth., 589 S.W.2d 671, 678-79 (Tex. 1979). The reviewing court will take as true all competent

evidence favorable to the non-movant, indulge every reasonable inference, and resolve any

doubts in the non-movant’s favor. See Southwestern Elec. Power Co. v. Grant, 73 S.W.3d 211,

215 (Tex. 2002).

When the trial court’s summary judgment order does not specify the basis for granting the

motion, the appellant must address and negate all grounds that support the judgment. See Star-

Telegram, Inc. v. Doe, 915 S.W.2d 471, 473 (Tex. 1995). When an appellant fails to negate each

ground on which the judgment could have been based, the reviewing court must affirm the

summary judgment. Leffler v. JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., 290 S.W.3d 384, 386 (Tex.App.--

El Paso 2009, no pet.). When a ground upon which summary judgment could have been granted,

properly or improperly, goes unchallenged on appeal the judgment must be upheld. Holloway v.

Starnes, 840 S.W.2d 14, 23 (Tex.App.--Dallas 1992, writ denied).

In Issue One, Mr. Verner challenges the trial court’s summary judgment on Appellee’s

bill of review. In its motion, Appellee raised three potential grounds for summary judgement:

(1) the evidence conclusively established it did not receive notice of the personal injury suit; (2)

-5- the uncontested summary judgment evidence establishes a lack of service; and (3) the attempted

substituted service suffered from several defects. While Mr. Verner’s appellate brief addresses

Appellee’s notice and lack of service arguments, there is no discernable discussion in response to

Appellee’s argument that the attempted substituted service was defective. Because Mr. Verner’s

brief does not address a summary judgment ground upon which the trial court could have based

its ruling, the judgment must be affirmed on that basis. See Leffler, 290 S.W.3d at 387. Issue

One is overruled, and the bill of review summary judgment will be affirmed.

We now turn to Issue Two, in which Mr. Verner challenges the trial court’s summary

judgment in his personal injury suit. Following the trial court’s decision to reverse the default

judgment, Mr. Verner amended his petition in the personal injury case, naming “National

Oilwell Varco, Inc., f/k/a/ National Oilwell, Inc.” as the defendant. The amended petition

included two theories of liability against Appellee. First, Mr. Verner alleged that Appellee was

liable because it owned and operated the top drive. Second, the amended petition contained an

allegation that Appellee failed to properly train and supervise the personnel operating the top

drive, which led to the failure that caused Mr. Verner’s injuries.2

Appellee’s motion for summary judgment included two grounds under the traditional

standard.3 First, Appellee argued that it was entitled to judgment as a matter of law because there

2 The petition also stated: “there is a misnomer because of a scheme of similar named entities and corporate structure that is designed to confuse potential litigants and pleads for misnomer.” However, this allegation appears to have been abandoned as it was not addressed in the parties’ summary judgment arguments, and has not been included in the arguments on appeal. 3 Appellee failed to specifically identify its motion for summary judgment on Mr. Verner’s negligence claim as either a “traditional” motion pursuant to TEX .R.CIV .P. 166a(c), or a “no-evidence” motion, pursuant to TEX .R.CIV .P. 166a(i). However, the motion does include a statement of the “traditional” summary judgment standard and included evidence in support of

-6- was no dispute that the entity was not the owner of the top drive on the rig where Mr. Verner was

injured. In the alternative, Appellee argued there was no dispute that it did not employ any of the

individuals operating the equipment when Mr. Verner was injured.

To address either of Appellee’s summary judgment grounds, we must first address the

alleged distinction between Appellee and “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.” According to

Appellee’s motion and attached evidence, “National Oilwell, L.P.” sold the top drive to

Mr. Verner’s employer, Patterson Drilling Company, and employed the top drive operator on the

rig where Mr. Verner was injured.4 In other words, the central point in Appellee’s summary

judgment motion was that Mr. Verner’s cause of action must fail as a matter of law because he

sued the wrong business entity; i.e., he named “National Oilwell Varco, Inc.,” instead of

“National Oilwell Varco, L.P.”

In response, Mr. Verner produced summary judgment evidence which he argued raised at

least a fact issue regarding the relationship between Appellee and National Oilwell Varco, L.P.

f/k/a National Oilwell L.P., through their joint predecessor, “National Oilwell, Inc.” In turn,

Mr. Verner contends there is at least a fact issue regarding Appellee’s responsibility for National

Oilwell Varco L.P.’s business activities. The following is a list and summary of the evidence

produced in response to Appellee’s motion:

Appellee’s summary judgment arguments. Therefore, to the extent Appellee attempted to establish its entitlement to judgment under the “no-evidence” standard, the motion did not give fair notice of those claims, and we will limit our review to the “traditional” grounds. See Waite v. Woodard, Hall & Primm, P.C., 137 S.W.3d 277, 281 (Tex.App.--Houston [1st Dist.] 2004, no pet.). 4 As we discussed above, “National Oilwell, L.P.” was created when the second “National Oilwell, Inc.” split, and is the predecessor to “National Oilwell Varco, L.P.”

-7- Exhibit 1: deposition testimony by Ms. Rita Padron, the designated corporate representative of National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Several exhibits were discussed during Ms. Padron’s deposition.

‘Padron Exhibit No. 2’– Was a document titled, ‘AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF NATIONAL-OILWELL, L.P.,’ dated January 16, 1996.

‘Padron Exhibit No. 3’ – Was a Sales Order for drilling equipment, including a top drive, billed to Patterson Drilling Co, L.P. from ‘National Oilwell Varco.’ The Sales Order contains a notation stating that terms of payment would be made in accordance with prior dealings between ‘NOI’ and Patterson. Ms. Padron was unable to testify to the meaning of ‘NOI’ other than it was part of the forms her department used during the period of time when Patterson Drilling purchased the top rig. There is no direct indication from the summary judgment evidence that ‘NOI’ refers specifically to National Oilwell Inc., as opposed to National Oilwell Varco, L.P.

‘Padron Exhibit No. 4’– Is a document containing the standard form terms and conditions of sale between ‘NATIONAL-OILWELL, L.P. and its AFFILIATES.’

‘Padron Exhibit No. 5’– Is a Texas Department of Insurance Certification of Instruments, and supporting documentation indicating that ‘National Oilwell Inc.’ maintained a workers compensation insurance policy in Texas from June 1, 2003 to June 1, 2004.5

Exhibit 3: Excerpts of deposition testimony by Mr. Flint Stults, who was an employee of ‘National Oilwell’ at the Patterson rig when Mr. Verner was injured. Mr. Stults testified that his job included working at sites where National Oilwell top drives had been installed for training and servicing purposes.

Exhibit 4: Affidavit of Mr. Mark A. Cevallos, custodian of records for the Law Offices of Miller & Bicklein. According to the affidavit, during the process of investigating the identity of ‘Defendant, National Oilwell,’ the ‘Defendant’s’ attorney

5 A second copy of the Department’s “Certification of Instruments” is also attached to Mr. Verner’s response as summary judgment “Exhibit 2.”

-8- provided him with documentation showing that the ‘Defendant’ owned property at 11919 FM 529, in Houston Texas. Tax records listed the owner of the property as ‘National Oilwell, Inc.’ and the same address is referenced on the invoice for the top drive sold to Patterson Drilling.

Exhibit 5: Corporate stock certificate of ‘NOW Oilfied Services, Inc.’ certifying that on August 29, 1996, ‘National-Oilwell, Inc.’ owned one thousand shares of the common stock of ‘Now Oilfield Services, Inc.’

Mr. Verner makes several arguments in his attempt to establish that genuine issues of

material fact exist regarding Appellee’s ownership interest in the top drive, and its relationship to

the top drive operators who were on site at the time of the accident. First, Mr. Verner contends

the Patterson Sales Order’s (“Padron Exhibit No. 3” above) reference to the entity “NOI” raises

the possibility of the existence of a relationship between Appellee, its predecessor, and National

Oilwell Inc., sufficient to impute the business activities of the entities to each other. Second,

Mr. Verner’s summary judgment response refers to the January 16, 1996 partnership agreement

(“Padron Exhibit No. 4” above). In his argument, Mr. Verner quotes the following language

from the agreement:

[E]ach of the original partners assigned all of their interests as a limited partner in the Partnership to NOW, Inc., (formerly National Oilwell, Inc.). . . . [E]ach of the original partners assigned all of their interests as a limited partner in the Partnership to National Oillwell, Inc., (formerly NOW Oilfield Services, Inc.).

Based on these passages, Mr. Verner concludes that the partnership agreement simultaneously

made “National Oilwell, Inc.,” as the new general partner, and a new limited partner of “National

Oilwell, L.P.,” which had been “National Oilwell, Inc.”

Finally, Mr. Verner contends the “NOW Oilfield Services, Inc.” stock certificate

(“Exhibit 5” above), demonstrates that the current “National Oilwell, Inc.” was previously owned

-9- by a prior “National Oilwell, Inc.,” and that through the stock transaction, the entity “bought

itself, and then made itself a limited partner and a general partner.” [Emphasis in original].

Based on this evidence, Mr. Verner concludes that Appellee failed to meet its summary

judgment burden because genuine issues of material fact remain as to Appellee’s relationship to

the entity which sold the injurious top drive to Patterson Drilling, and the employer of the top

drive operators. We disagree.

To reverse the summary judgment order based on the evidence and arguments cited, this

Court would be forced to infer both the existence and nature of close corporate relationships

between Appellee and at least two other entities. Such inferences (i.e., that a relationship

between Appellee, National Oilwell Varco and National Oilwell, Inc., existed, and that the

relationship was of such a character as to make one entity responsible for the business activities

and alleged negligence of the others) would constitute little more than a suspicion of such facts.

Mere suspicion of a fact is not equal to a genuine issue of material fact, and cannot serve to

defeat the summary judgment in this case. See Ford Motor Co. v. Ridgeway, 135 S.W.3d 598,

601 (Tex. 2004)(noting that to raise a genuine issue of material fact, the summary judgment

evidence must transcend mere suspicion and rise to a level that would enable reasonable-minded

people to differ in their conclusions). Because the summary judgment evidence does not raise a

genuine issue of material fact regarding Appellee’s ownership or sale of the top rig equipment at

issue, the summary judgment was not granted in error. Issue Two is overruled.

Having overruled both of Appellant’s issues, we affirm the trial court’s take-nothing

-10- June 22, 2011 DAVID WELLINGTON CHEW, Chief Justice

Before Chew, C.J., McClure, and Rivera, JJ.

-11-