1 2 FILED IN THE U.S. DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 3 Dec 12, 2023 4 SEAN F. MCAVOY, CLERK 5 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF WASHINGTON 6
7 HOPE D., NO. 1:23-CV-3076-TOR 8 Plaintiff, ORDER AFFIRMING THE 9 v. COMMISSIONER’S DECISION
10 KILOLO KIJAKAZI, Acting Commissioner of Social Security, 11 Defendant. 12
13 BEFORE THE COURT is Plaintiff’s Appeal of the Social Security 14 Commissioner’s Denial of Title XVI Benefits (ECF No. 14). The Court has 15 reviewed the administrative record and the parties’ completed briefing and is fully 16 informed. For the reasons discussed below, the order of the Social Security 17 Commissioner is affirmed. 18 JURISDICTION 19 The Court has jurisdiction under 42 U.S.C. §§ 405(g), 1383(c)(3). 20 1 STANDARD OF REVIEW 2 A district court’s review of a final decision of the Commissioner of Social
3 Security is governed by 42 U.S.C. § 405(g). The scope of review under § 405(g) is 4 limited: the Commissioner’s decision will be disturbed “only if it is not supported 5 by substantial evidence or is based on legal error.” Hill v. Astrue, 698 F.3d 1153,
6 1158-59 (9th Cir. 2012) (citing 42 U.S.C. § 405(g)). “Substantial evidence” means 7 relevant evidence that “a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a 8 conclusion.” Id. at 1159 (quotation and citation omitted). Stated differently, 9 substantial evidence equates to “more than a mere scintilla[,] but less than a
10 preponderance.” Id. (quotation and citation omitted). In determining whether this 11 standard has been satisfied, a reviewing court must consider the entire record as a 12 whole rather than searching for supporting evidence in isolation. Id.
13 In reviewing a denial of benefits, a district court may not substitute its 14 judgment for that of the Commissioner. Edlund v. Massanari, 253 F.3d 1152, 15 1156 (9th Cir. 2001). If the evidence in the record “is susceptible to more than one 16 rational interpretation, [the court] must uphold the ALJ’s findings if they are
17 supported by inferences reasonably drawn from the record.” Molina v. Astrue, 674 18 F.3d 1104, 1111 (9th Cir. 2012). Further, a district court “may not reverse an 19 ALJ’s decision on account of an error that is harmless.” Id. An error is harmless
20 “where it is inconsequential to the [ALJ’s] ultimate nondisability determination.” 1 Id. at 1115 (quotation and citation omitted). The party appealing the ALJ’s 2 decision generally bears the burden of establishing that it was harmed. Shinseki v.
3 Sanders, 556 U.S. 396, 409-10 (2009). 4 FIVE STEP SEQUENTIAL EVALUATION PROCESS 5 A claimant must satisfy two conditions to be considered “disabled” within
6 the meaning of the Social Security Act. First, the claimant must be unable “to 7 engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable 8 physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death or which 9 has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12
10 months.” 42 U.S.C. §§ 423(d)(1)(A), 1382c(a)(3)(A). Second, the claimant’s 11 impairment must be “of such severity that [he or she] is not only unable to do [his 12 or her] previous work[,] but cannot, considering [his or her] age, education, and
13 work experience, engage in any other kind of substantial gainful work which exists 14 in the national economy.” 42 U.S.C. §§ 423(d)(2)(A), 1382c(a)(3)(B). 15 The Commissioner has established a five-step sequential analysis to 16 determine whether a claimant satisfies the above criteria. See 20 C.F.R. §
17 416.920(a)(4)(i)-(v). At step one, the Commissioner considers the claimant’s work 18 activity. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(i). If the claimant is engaged in “substantial 19 gainful activity,” the Commissioner must find that the claimant is not disabled. 20
20 C.F.R. § 416.920(b). 1 If the claimant is not engaged in substantial gainful activities, the analysis 2 proceeds to step two. At this step, the Commissioner considers the severity of the
3 claimant’s impairment. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(ii). If the claimant suffers from 4 “any impairment or combination of impairments which significantly limits [his or 5 her] physical or mental ability to do basic work activities,” the analysis proceeds to
6 step three. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(c). If the claimant’s impairment does not satisfy 7 this severity threshold, however, the Commissioner must find that the claimant is 8 not disabled. Id. 9 At step three, the Commissioner compares the claimant’s impairment to
10 several impairments recognized by the Commissioner to be so severe as to 11 preclude a person from engaging in substantial gainful activity. 20 C.F.R. § 12 416.920(a)(4)(iii). If the impairment is as severe or more severe than one of the
13 enumerated impairments, the Commissioner must find the claimant disabled and 14 award benefits. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(d). 15 If the severity of the claimant’s impairment does meet or exceed the severity 16 of the enumerated impairments, the Commissioner must pause to assess the
17 claimant’s “residual functional capacity.” Residual functional capacity (“RFC”), 18 defined generally as the claimant’s ability to perform physical and mental work 19 activities on a sustained basis despite his or her limitations (20 C.F.R. §
20 416.945(a)(1)), is relevant to both the fourth and fifth steps of the analysis. 1 At step four, the Commissioner considers whether, in view of the claimant’s 2 RFC, the claimant is capable of performing work that he or she has performed in
3 the past (“past relevant work”). 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(iv). If the claimant is 4 capable of performing past relevant work, the Commissioner must find that the 5 claimant is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(f). If the claimant is incapable of
6 performing such work, the analysis proceeds to step five. 7 At step five, the Commissioner considers whether, in view of the claimant’s 8 RFC, the claimant is capable of performing other work in the national economy. 9 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(v). In making this determination, the Commissioner
10 must also consider vocational factors such as the claimant’s age, education and 11 work experience. Id. If the claimant is capable of adjusting to other work, the 12 Commissioner must find that the claimant is not disabled. 20 C.F.R. §
13 416.920(g)(1). If the claimant is not capable of adjusting to other work, the 14 analysis concludes with a finding that the claimant is disabled and is therefore 15 entitled to benefits. Id. 16 The claimant bears the burden of proof at steps one through four above.
17 Tackett v. Apfel, 180 F.3d 1094, 1098 (9th Cir. 1999). If the analysis proceeds to 18 step five, the burden shifts to the Commissioner to establish that (1) the claimant is 19 capable of performing other work; and (2) such work “exists in significant
20 1 numbers in the national economy.” 20 C.F.R. § 416.960(c)(2); Beltran v. Astrue, 2 700 F.3d 386, 389 (9th Cir. 2012).
3 BACKGROUND 4 This matter has been pending before various tribunals since 2012. Plaintiff 5 initially filed an application for Title II disability and disability insurance benefits
6 and Title XVI supplemental on November 6, 2012, with an alleged onset date of 7 July 1, 2001. Administrative Transcript (“Tr.”) ECF No. 9 (1-20) at 1497. Both 8 applications were denied initially and upon reconsideration. Tr. 1497. At a 9 hearing before an ALJ on May 23, 2013, Plaintiff amended her alleged onset date
10 to August 1, 2007. Id. This new alleged onset date called into question Plaintiff’s 11 eligibility to receive benefits under Title II as her record indicated she was insured 12 through September 30, 2005, and thus almost two years outside of coverage. Id.
13 At an October 27, 2014, hearing, Plaintiff voluntarily withdrew her request for a 14 hearing as it pertained to Title II. Id. On October 31, 2014, an ALJ issued a 15 decision dismissing Plaintiff’s Title II claim and found her to not be disabled. Tr. 16 1498. On December 21, 2015, the Appeals Council remanded this decision for a
17 new hearing. Id. 18 During the first remand hearing on May 23, 2017, the Plaintiff alleged a new 19 onset date of November 1, 2014. Id. On October 4, 2017, the ALJ issued a new
20 finding that Plaintiff was not disabled and dismissed a hearing request for benefits 1 under Title II. Id. The Appeals Counsel subsequently denied review of the 2017 2 decision, and Plaintiff appealed to the District Court for the Eastern District of
3 Washington. Id. On June 14, 2019, pursuant to a stipulated motion to remand for 4 further proceedings, the District Court returned the Commissioner to reevaluate: 5 (1) the Plaintiff’s impairment at step two; (2) the medical opinion evidence as a
6 whole (3) the subjective testimony; (4) Plaintiff’s residual functional capacity; and 7 (5) to obtain a supplemental vocational expert opinion if necessary. Tr. 926-27. 8 The appeals counsel then remanded the matter to an ALJ for a new hearing. Tr. 9 935-37.
10 During a May 28, 2020, hearing before an ALJ, Plaintiff once again 11 amended the date of onset to November 6, 2012. Tr. 858. On June 9, 2020, the 12 ALJ issued a decision finding Plaintiff not disabled and dismissed the Title II
13 claims. Tr. 870-71. Plaintiff subsequently appealed to the District Court, which 14 granted a stipulated remand request and returned the matter to Commissioner for 15 further proceedings on May 28, 2021. Tr. 1580-81. On April 19, 2022, per the 16 decision of the District Court, the Appeals Council then vacated the prior decision
17 and remanded to an ALJ to: (1) evaluate the Plaintiff’s exertional limitations; (2) 18 further consider of Plaintiff’s use of an assistive device as it relates to Plaintiff’s 19 residual functional capacity (“RFC”); (3) consider Plaintiff’s cholinergic urticaria;
20 (4) give further consideration to treating, non-treating, and non-examining source 1 opinions and explain the weight given to each; (6) give further consideration to 2 whether Plaintiff has past relevant work she can perform; and (7) to obtain an
3 additional vocational expert opinion if necessary. Tr. 1584-86. 4 ALJ’s FINDINGS 5 The ALJ held a new hearing on March 21, 2023, and Plaintiff alleged on
6 onset date of November 6, 2012, and noted a protective application filing for Title 7 XVI supplemental security income on the same day. Tr. 1499. Additionally, 8 Plaintiff again withdrew her request for a hearing for Title II benefits, and thus the 9 ALJ only considered her application for Title XVI supplemental security income.
10 Id. 11 In a decision issued on April 4, 2023, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff met 12 the insured status requirements of the Social Security Act through September 30,
13 2005. Tr. 1501. At step one, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff had not engaged in 14 substantial gainful activity since the alleged date of onset. Id. 15 At step two, the ALJ found that Plaintiff had the following severe 16 impairments: degenerative disc disease; right shoulder dysfunction; left knee
17 arthritis; migraine headaches; obesity; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 18 (“COPD”); affective disorder; and anxiety disorder. Id. Further, the ALJ found 19 that the Plaintiff’s cholinergic urticaria was not a “severe” impairment because it
20 would have no more than a minimal impact on her ability to perform work, and 1 providers in the record had noted that her diagnosis was “under control.” Tr. 1502. 2 The ALJ referred to “other physical symptoms and complaints,” which appear in
3 the record, including memory issues and hearing loss, but found them to be too 4 sporadic to be considered “severe.” Id. The ALJ ultimately found that, since 5 November 6, 2012, Plaintiff’s impairments, both in isolation and when considered
6 together, do not medically equal impairments listed in 20 CFR Part 404, Subpart P, 7 Appendix 1. Id. Specifically, the ALJ found that Plaintiff’s degenerative disc 8 disease imaging studies produced no evidence of nerve root compromise or 9 compromise of the equina. Id. As to Plaintiff’s right shoulder impairment and left
10 knee osteoarthritis, the ALJ found that she is still able to use her left upper 11 extremity to carry out tasks, even considering the use of a single point cane. Id. 12 The ALJ determined that there is no evidence in the record to support Plaintiff’s
13 COPD impairment and made similar findings as to Plaintiff’s migraines and 14 obesity. Tr. 1502-03. 15 The ALJ also considered Plaintiff’s mental impairments under paragraph B 16 and found that Plaintiff would have no limitation in understanding, remembering,
17 or applying information; a moderate limitation in interacting with others; a mild 18 limitation in concentrating, persisting, or maintaining pace; and no limitation in 19 adapting or managing oneself. Tr. 1503. As Plaintiff did not reach a “marked” or
20 “extreme” limitation, the ALJ found paragraph B to be unsatisfied. Tr. 1504. 1 At step three, the ALJ determined that, since November 6, 2012, Plaintiff 2 had the residual function capacity to carry light work as defined in 20 CFR
3 416.967(b) with a limitation that she cannot perform frequent overhead reaching 4 with the right upper extremity nor frequent stooping and kneeling; occasional 5 crouching; can never crawling or climbing ladders, ropes, or scaffolds; must avoid
6 concentrated temperature extremes; and must maintain superficial and occasional 7 contact with the general public. Tr. 1504. The ALJ stated that this decision was 8 based on the requirements for medical evidence and other evidence as set forth in 9 20 CFR 416.929 and Social Security Ruling 16-3p, as well as opinion evidence
10 requirements in 20 CFR 416.927. Tr. 1505. 11 The ALJ found that Plaintiff’s medically determinable impairments could 12 reasonably be expected to produce her alleged symptoms, but the intensity,
13 persistence, and limiting effects of the symptoms were not entirely consistent with 14 the record. Tr. 1505. Specifically, the ALJ determined that the record did not 15 support the level of physical limitation Plaintiff alleges. Id. In addition to a series 16 of test and exams conducted between 2013 and 2022, the ALJ also pointed to the
17 fact that Plaintiff has been prescribed aids and medication for her impairments and 18 noted that Plaintiff’s mention of her use of a cane to get around the house and 19 walker to go outside during the March 2023 hearing was taken into account as part
20 of the RFC determination. Tr. 1506. 1 As to Plaintiff’s mental health impairments, the ALJ determined that the 2 record reflected that her treatment for anxiety and depression has resulted in their
3 stabilization. Tr. 1506-07. Plaintiff had been discharged from mental health care 4 at Comprehensive Healthcare in August 2018, and all treatment was subsequently 5 undertaken by her primary care provider. Tr. 1507. Additionally, the ALJ took
6 into account the fact that Plaintiff has moved away from a combination of therapy 7 and medication to treat her mental health impairments, and now is solely using 8 medication as a treatment. Id. The ALJ also opined that the Plaintiff’s history of 9 raising her own children, as well as caring for children who were not her own, in
10 combination with daily activities, do not support the level of impairment alleged. 11 Tr. 1507-08. 12 Regarding the medical opinions on record, the ALJ stated that “I cannot
13 defer or give any specific evidentiary weight, including controlling weight, to any 14 prior administrative medical finding(s) or medical opinion(s), including those from 15 medical sources.” Tr. 1508. In turn, the ALJ gave “significant weight” to the State 16 agency psychological consultants, Dr. Christmas Covell and Dr. Bruce Eather,
17 having found their opinions from 2013 to be consistent with the record as whole 18 and though non-examining, were based on a thorough review of the evidence 19 provided. Tr. 1508-09. The ALJ also gave “significant weight” to the opinion of
20 Dr. John Kwock, having found that his testimony in 2017 about Plaintiff’s abilities 1 to perform light work with limitation was supported by the record and his 2 expertise. Tr. 1509. The ALJ gave “little to no weight” to the opinion of treating
3 physician Dr. Duane Teerink, having found his “checkbox” report completed June 4 2014 failed to provide objective support for his findings, and that his treatment of 5 Plaintiff from 2007 through 2014 lacks a longitudinal view. Id. The ALJ also
6 gave “little to no weight” to the opinion of ARNP Esmeralda Chavez, having 7 found her “checkbox” report also lacked a longitudinal view. Tr. 1509-10. 8 Likewise, the ALJ gave “little to no weight” to the assessment of Melissa Belding 9 in another “checkbox” format, as her findings of functional ability were not
10 supported by objective testing, nor consistent with the record. Tr. 1510. 11 At step four, the ALJ determined that Plaintiff had no past relevant work per 12 20 CFR § 416.965. Tr. 1510.
13 At step five, the ALJ found that prior to October 22, 2022, considering 14 Plaintiff’s age, education, work experience, RFC, and testimony from a vocational 15 expert, there were jobs that existed in significant number in the national economy 16 that she could have performed.1 Tr. 1510. After October 22, 2022, the ALJ
17 determined that Plaintiff was disabled. Id. 18
1 On October 22, 2022, Plaintiff’s age category changed from a “younger 19 individual” (age 18-49) to an “individual of advanced age.” Tr. 1510. 20 1 ISSUES 2 Plaintiff seeks judicial review of the Commissioner’s final decision denying
3 her application for Title XVI supplemental security income. Plaintiff raises the 4 following issues on review: 5 A. Whether the ALJ reversibly erred by not properly assessing all of Plaintiff’s impairments. 6 B. Whether the ALJ reversibly erred by not properly assessing the opinion 7 evidence.
8 C. Whether the ALJ reversibly erred by not properly assessing Plaintiff’s subjective complaints. 9 10 DISCUSSION
11 A. Whether the ALJ erred by not addressing Plaintiff’s fibromyalgia or 12 rheumatoid arthritis at step two. 13 Plaintiff contends that the ALJ failed to account for her fibromyalgia, 14 seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, and carpal tunnel syndrome. ECF No. 14 at 4. 15 Specifically, Plaintiff asserts that the ALJ erred by not considering the extensive 16 symptoms that result from fibromyalgia which contributes to the other 17 impairments, and that had it been considered, would have contributed to a finding 18 of disability. Id. at 6. 19 At step two of the sequential evaluation process, the ALJ considers the 20 severity of the claimant’s impairment. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(a)(4)(ii). If the 1 claimant suffers from “any impairment or combination of impairments which 2 significantly limits [his or her] physical or mental ability to do basic work
3 activities,” the analysis proceeds to step three. 20 C.F.R. § 416.920(c). Step two is 4 “a de minimis screening device [used] to dispose of groundless claims.” Smolen v. 5 Chater, 80 F.3d 1273, 1290 (9th Cir. 1996). “Thus, applying our normal standard
6 of review to the requirements of step two, [the Court] must determine whether the 7 ALJ had substantial evidence to find that the medical evidence clearly established 8 that [Plaintiff] did not have a medically severe impairment or combination of 9 impairments.” Webb v. Barnhart, 433 F.3d 683, 687 (9th Cir. 2005). While the
10 ALJ need not discuss all evidence presented, but she must explain why “significant 11 probative evidence has been rejected.” Vincent on Behalf of Vincent v. Heckler, 12 739 F.2d 1393, 1395 (9th Cir. 1984) (quoting Cotter v. Harris, 642 F.2d 700, 706
13 (3d Cir.1981)). 14 Here, Plaintiff assigns fault to the ALJ for not addressing fibromyalgia, 15 rheumatoid arthritis, or carpal tunnel syndrome at step two of the analysis. As a 16 preliminary matter, it appears that the ALJ did in fact reference Plaintiff’s
17 rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia in the decision and classified both as not 18 severe per the regulation: 19 Other physical symptoms and complaints appear in the records from time to time (See e.g., Exhibits 10F; 13F/1-2; 23F; 27F; 36F; 39F), but 20 these mild or transient conditions were of short duration, controllable, and without significant effect on her ability to perform work activities. 1 I therefore find that any such alleged impairment is “not severe” under the regulations. 2
3 Tr. 10 (emphasis added). 4 Exhibit 10F discusses imaging Plaintiff received in 2014 for pain in her right 5 finger with unremarkable results, which the Court assumes is in reference to the 6 either the rheumatoid arthritis or the carpal tunnel syndrome that Plaintiff alleges. 7 ECF No. 9-7 at 201. Exhibit 36F notes that Plaintiff has a medical history of 8 fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis, but the overall substance of the record is 9 centered around sleep related impairments. ECF No. 9-19 at 207, 217. While the
10 ALJ is not required to address every medical record available, evidence indicating 11 Plaintiff has received treatment for rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia is 12 available on the record and were also addressed in the prior ALJ findings as non-
13 severe impairments. 14 As to Plaintiff’s alleged impairment of carpal tunnel syndrome, the Court 15 concludes that the ALJ did not err in excluding it because Plaintiff did not carry 16 her burden of producing evidence that it causes a significant impairment. See Ford
17 v. Saul, 950 F.3d 1141, 1140 (9th Cir. 2020); see also Carmickle v. Comm'r of 18 SSA, 533 F.3d 1155, 1164–65 (9th Cir. 2008) (the ALJ did not err at step two by 19 failing to classify carpal tunnel as a severe impairment where the medical record
20 did not establish work-related limitations from this impairment); see also 1 Kilpatrick v. Kijakazi, 35 F.4th 1187, 1193 (9th Cir. 2022). Here, there is little 2 reference to the impact Plaintiff experiences as a result of carpal tunnel on the
3 record. While there is discussion about pain and stiffness, as well as reference to 4 some treatment received and evidence of “mild to moderate carpal tunnel,” nothing 5 detailed specifically how carpal tunnel would impact her ability to work. ECF
6 Nos. 9-13 at 134, 9-19 at 5. 7 Substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s findings with respect to these 8 complaints. 9 B. Whether the ALJ reversibly erred by not properly assessing the opinion
10 evidence. 11 Plaintiff contends that the ALJ incorrectly applied the post-March 27, 2017, 12 standard when discussing the weight given to both the medical and non-medical
13 opinion evidence. Specifically, Plaintiff faults the ALJ both for citing to 20 C.F.R. 14 § 416.920c when discussing weight to give nonmedical opinions and stating that 15 “no deference or specific evidentiary weight, including controlling weight, would 16 be given to any medical source,” which is reflective of the post March 27, 2017,
17 standard. ECF No. 14 at 16; 20 C.F.R. § 416.920c(a). 18 Substantial evidence supports the ALJ’s determination to give significant 19 weight to the State agency psychological consultants, Dr. Covell and Dr. Eather for
20 their review of the record in February and April of 2013. Tr. 1508-09. The ALJ 1 found that their opinions were consistent with the record at that time. 2 Additionally, the ALJ gave significant weight to medical expert Dr. Kwock
3 for his testimony at the May 2017 hearing based on the evidence at that time. His 4 conclusions were supported by the records and consistent with the evidence. Tr. 5 1509.
6 The ALJ properly gave little weight to Dr. Teerink’s opinion of June 2014 as 7 he completed a check-box form which did not cite to any specific clinical or 8 objective findings to support his assertions. Tr. 1509. While he treated Plaintiff 9 from March 2007 to May 2014, only the last year and a half were relevant to a
10 disability determination. The Ninth Circuit has held that insufficiently explained 11 opinions could be rejected and recently upheld that ruling. “An ALJ is not required 12 to take medical opinions at face value, but may take into account the quality of the
13 explanation when determining how much weight to give a medical opinion. While 14 an opinion cannot be rejected merely for being expressed as answers to a check- 15 the-box questionnaire, the ALJ may permissibly reject check-off reports that do not 16 contain any explanation of the bases of their conclusions.” Ford v. Saul, 950 F.3d
17 1141, 1155 (9th Cir. 2020). 18 The ALJ gave little to no weight to Nurse Chavez’ check-box report on June 19 2022. Nurse Chavez only saw Plaintiff four times and provided some treatment
20 records. Her opinion did not provide a longitudinal record of Plaintiff’s 1 impairments or treatment. 2 The ALJ properly rejected the opinions of therapist Ms. Belding. Ms.
3 Belding completed a check-box form in August of 2014 without any citation to 4 objective testing of Plaintiff’s functional abilities nor mental status. Tr. 1510. Ms. 5 Belding’s opinions were inconsistent with the record and lacked objective support.
6 The ALJ properly evaluated the lay witness evidence. The ALJ noted that 7 their evidence did not provide anything not already considered in Plaintiff’s own 8 testimony. Tr. 1508. Any error in evaluating lay witness testimony is “harmless 9 where the same evidence that the ALJ referred to in discrediting [the claimant’s]
10 claims also discredits [the lay witness’s] claims.” Molina, 674 F.3d at 1122. 11 C. Whether the ALJ reasonably considered Plaintiff’s subjective 12 complaints.
13 Plaintiff asserts the ALJ improperly rejected Plaintiff’s subjective symptom 14 testimony. ECF No. 14 at 5. An ALJ engages in a two-step analysis to determine 15 whether a claimant’s subjective symptom testimony can be reasonably accepted as 16 consistent with the objective medical and other evidence in the claimant’s record.
17 SSR 16-3p, 2016 WL 1119029, at *2. “First, the ALJ must determine whether 18 there is ‘objective medical evidence of an underlying impairment which could 19 reasonably be expected to produce the pain or other symptoms alleged.’” Molina,
20 674 F.3d at 1112 (quoting Vasquez v. Astrue, 572 F.3d 586, 591 (9th Cir. 2009)). 1 “The claimant is not required to show that her impairment ‘could reasonably be 2 expected to cause the severity of the symptom she has alleged; she need only show
3 that it could reasonably have caused some degree of the symptom.’” Vasquez, 572 4 F.3d at 591 (quoting Lingenfelter v. Astrue, 504 F.3d 1028, 1035-36 (9th Cir. 5 2007)).
6 Second, “[i]f the claimant meets the first test and there is no evidence of 7 malingering, the ALJ can only reject the claimant’s testimony about the severity of 8 the symptoms if [the ALJ] gives ‘specific, clear and convincing reasons’ for the 9 rejection.” Ghanim v. Colvin, 763 F.3d 1154, 1163 (9th Cir. 2014) (citations
10 omitted). General findings are insufficient; rather, the ALJ must identify what 11 symptom claims are being discounted and what evidence undermines these claims. 12 Id. (quoting Lester v. Chater, 81 F.3d 821, 834 (9th Cir. 1995)); Thomas v.
13 Barnhart, 278 F.3d 947, 958 (9th Cir. 2002) (requiring the ALJ to sufficiently 14 explain why he or she discounted claimant’s symptom claims). “The clear and 15 convincing [evidence] standard is the most demanding required in Social Security 16 cases.” Garrison v. Colvin, 759 F.3d 995, 1015 (9th Cir. 2014) (quoting Moore v.
17 Comm’r of Soc. Sec. Admin., 278 F.3d 920, 924 (9th Cir. 2002)). 18 The ALJ is instructed to “consider all of the evidence in an individual’s 19 record,” “to determine how symptoms limit ability to perform work-related
20 activities.” SSR 16-3p, 2016 WL 1119029, at *2. When evaluating the intensity, 1 persistence, and limiting effects of a claimant’s symptoms, the following factors 2 should be considered: (1) daily activities; (2) the location, duration, frequency, and
3 intensity of pain or other symptoms; (3) factors that precipitate and aggravate the 4 symptoms; (4) the type, dosage, effectiveness, and side effects of any medication 5 an individual takes or has taken to alleviate pain or other symptoms; (5) treatment,
6 other than medication, an individual receives or has received for relief of pain or 7 other symptoms; (6) any measures other than treatment an individual uses or has 8 used to relieve pain or other symptoms; and (7) any other factors concerning an 9 individual’s functional limitations and restrictions due to pain or other symptoms.
10 SSR 16-3p, 2016 WL 1119029, at *7-8; 20 C.F.R. § 416.929(c)(3). 11 Here, the ALJ found Plaintiff’s impairments could reasonably be expected to 12 cause the alleged symptoms; however, Plaintiff’s statements concerning the
13 intensity, persistence, and limiting effects of those symptoms were not entirely 14 consistent with the evidence. Tr. 1505. In arriving at this conclusion, the ALJ 15 considered several of the factors described above. 16 The ALJ found that the objective clinical findings show some limitations,
17 but they are inconsistent with the extreme limitations alleged by the Plaintiff. The 18 record showed normal gait and intact lower extremity strength. Tr. 1505. 19 Additionally, objective findings and Plaintiff’s course of treatment are inconsistent
20 with debilitating knee and back impairments as alleged by Plaintiff. Tr. 1506. The ALJ found that Plaintiff's other conditions, obesity, migraine headaches, and COPD contribute to her limitations but do not prevent her from working. /d. The 3|| ALJ repeatedly cited to the record to support these findings. Plaintiff’s mental 4|| health symptoms are largely stable and not as serious as she alleges. Again, the 5|| ALJ cited to the records to support this finding. Tr. 1507. Finally, the ALJ 6|| recounted Plaintiffs daily activities, household chores, and caring for her children 7|| and her sister’s children. Tr. 1507-08. 8 Clear and convincing evidence supports the ALJ’s conclusions. 9 CONCLUSION 10 Having reviewed the record and the ALJ’s findings, this Court concludes the ALJ’s decision is supported by substantial evidence and free of harmful legal error. 12}} ACCORDINGLY, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED: 13 1. Plaintiffs Opening Brief, ECF No. 14, is DENIED. 14 2. The Commissioner’s Brief, ECF No. 16, 1s GRANTED. 15 The District Court Executive is directed to enter this Order, enter judgment 16|| accordingly, furnish copies to counsel, and close the file. 17 DATED December 12, 2023.
oa Mea 0 Kies 19 □□ THOMAS O. RICE <> United States District Judge 20