Dean v. State

461 S.W.2d 861, 1971 Mo. LEXIS 1212
CourtSupreme Court of Missouri
DecidedJanuary 11, 1971
DocketNo. 55367
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 461 S.W.2d 861 (Dean v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of Missouri primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dean v. State, 461 S.W.2d 861, 1971 Mo. LEXIS 1212 (Mo. 1971).

Opinion

RICHARD P. SPRINKLE, Special Judge.

Movant appeals from the action of the Circuit Court, Benton County, in denying his motion for relief under Supreme Court Rule 27.26, V.A.M.R.

The charge against appellant was statutory rape. His plea was guilty. The motion and appeal attack certain elements of that plea and -movant seeks to have the sentence which was imposed vacated or set aside.

On September 19, 1961, on affidavit of the Prosecuting Attorney of Benton County, Missouri, a warrant was issued for the arrest of appellant. At the time of his arrest, the sheriff informed him as to why he had been arrested.

Three days later he was arraigned in Magistrate Court, and the judge advised him of the charge lodged against him. Appellant waived formal reading of the charge and waived preliminary hearing. Appellant asserts that he was satisfied to be bound over to Circuit Court for trial. The Magistrate’s transcript shows that on September 22, 1961, the following transpired :

“ * * * arraigned before this Court and the Court explains to the defendant the nature of the charge and the complaint is duly read to the defendant. The defendant is given an opportunity to consult with an attorney. A. The defendant, after his right to insist upon a preliminary hearing has been explained to him by the Court, waives such preliminary examination * *

Three days later, on September 25, 1961, the Prosecuting Attorney filed an Information in the Circuit Court of Benton County charging appellant with statutory rape. Two days later the appellant appeared before the Circuit Judge to answer to the charge.

Despite the fact appellant was not represented by counsel and did not desire coun[863]*863sel, the Circuit Judge appointed a lawyer for him. His appointed counsel was a former prosecuting attorney who held that office at a time when appellant was previously convicted of arson in Benton County. Appellant knew his appointed counsel as an experienced attorney.

His attorney, with the court file in hand, consulted with appellant about the pending charge of statutory rape. There was some uncertainty in appellant’s testimony about the length of time he advised with counsel. Appellant, in referring to the time of his arrest and subsequent plea, acknowledged that he was “drunk most all the time,” that his thinking was “all messed up” and he drank “too much, too often.” In addition, he stated he was nervous at the time of his plea and this nervousness was attributed to his inability to obtain a drink of wine which appellant stated would straighten out his thinking. Appellant testified that it “took me six months after I was in the penitentiary before I ever really got straightened out to where I could get to thinking straight.”

Despite his lack of liquid fortification, the appellant recalled that he only spent two to three minutes with appointed counsel before entering his guilty plea. Other witnesses estimated the time within the range of five to twenty minutes. There were no written memos covering the time spent, so each witness had to rely on his memory to recall this element of the case after a time lapse of over seven years.

Appellant, during the discussion with his court-appointed attorney, insisted that he wanted to plead guilty to the charge of statutory rape. He acknowledged that a jury trial could mean more penitentiary time. He and his attorney discussed several separate and independent incidents that' would constitute the crime of rape. Appellant was concerned that the charge might be changed to forcible rape, and he knew the punishment could conceivably be greater for this crime.

Appellant’s appointed attorney stated that during his counseling with appellant he discussed getting a continuance for a jury trial. However, appellant seemed anxious to dispose of the case that day. Appellant didn’t seem confused about his plea, and the attorney explained to appellant that he could get the death penalty.

Appellant pleaded guilty on that date and received a twenty (20) year sentence.

In dealing with the first assignment of error, appellant contends that the Court erred when counsel was not appointed for him at the preliminary hearing. Questions put to the appellant at the time of hearing on his motion would indicate that he didn’t recall the Court explaining to him the reason for having a preliminary hearing. It was never determined that the appellant did not already know what a preliminary hearing was, and its purpose. Appellant was no stranger to the Court, having previously traveled the route on an arson charge. Piecing together the saga from arrest to plea, the appellant’s own version indicates an air of desired dispatch on his part.

The appellant does not demonstrate that he was prejudiced by a failure to appoint counsel at the preliminary hearing. The rule announced in Coleman v. Alabama, 399 U.S. 1, 90 S.Ct. 1999, 26 L.Ed.2d 387 (1969) is not applicable. State v. Caffey, Mo., 457 S.W.2d 657. By the procession of events, there is every reason to conclude that appellant was anxious to move the judicial proceedings along at an accelerated rate and afford him the chance to plead to a less offensive charge.

Also, and equally important, was the finding of the trial court that the Magistrate Court transcript shows that appellant was. given an opportunity to consult with an attorney.” The trial court, having had the opportunity to hear and observe the witnesses and evaluate appellant’s denial of this fact, has ruled that issue against the appellant, and this Court will not disturb [864]*864that finding unless clearly erroneous. Accordingly, this ground is ruled against appellant.

The Court will deal with the next two assignments of error together because they are closely related. Appellant contends that his plea of guilty was involuntary in that it was not made with an understanding of the consequences of the charge against him and he did not have sufficient time to consult with appointed counsel.

The purpose of the Court inquiring of the defendant regarding his guilty plea is essentially twofold. First, the Court should be assured that the defendant intelligently understands the nature of the crime with which he is charged and its penalties. Second, knowing these facts, the defendant is free to decide whether or not to enter a plea of guilty to the charge.

However, these are relative terms and the range of questioning to satisfy these requisites varies as greatly as the individual defendants involved. There seems to be ample evidence in this case that the appellant knew the death penalty could be assessed against him. He was certainly making intelligent maneuvers to avoid that result.

He admitted the charge, which confronted him, was read to him by the Magistrate Judge and that this same charge faced him at the time of his plea in Circuit Court. Perhaps for reasons best known to the appellant alone, he appreciated the fact that a jury trial could mean a far more severe penalty.

Bearing in mind that the court reporter was absent on the date of the plea because of illness and the witnesses had to recall what happened some seven years before, this Court cannot help but be unimpressed with the accuracy of appellant’s memory about certain details.

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Related

Fletcher v. State
614 S.W.2d 754 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1981)
State v. Day
506 S.W.2d 497 (Missouri Court of Appeals, 1974)
State v. Terry
485 S.W.2d 3 (Supreme Court of Missouri, 1972)
Carpenter v. State
479 S.W.2d 466 (Supreme Court of Missouri, 1972)

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Bluebook (online)
461 S.W.2d 861, 1971 Mo. LEXIS 1212, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dean-v-state-mo-1971.