Dartmouth Motor Sales, Inc. v. Wilcox

517 A.2d 804, 128 N.H. 526, 2 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 895, 1986 N.H. LEXIS 324
CourtSupreme Court of New Hampshire
DecidedOctober 2, 1986
DocketNo. 85-402
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 517 A.2d 804 (Dartmouth Motor Sales, Inc. v. Wilcox) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Supreme Court of New Hampshire primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Dartmouth Motor Sales, Inc. v. Wilcox, 517 A.2d 804, 128 N.H. 526, 2 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 895, 1986 N.H. LEXIS 324 (N.H. 1986).

Opinion

Brock, J.

The plaintiff, Dartmouth Motor Sales, Inc. (Dartmouth) brought an action for declaratory judgment, replevin, and injunction or rescission against Alan Wilcox, d/b/a T & T Auto Sales (Wilcox); Bruce Campbell, d/b/a Soupy’s Used Cars (Campbell); Cheryl Willis (Willis); and the New Hampshire Division of Motor Vehicles. The complex set of facts relevant to the disposition of this case involves the ownership of a 1983 Chevrolet Camaro.

On January 9, 1985, Dartmouth sold the Camaro to Wilcox, who represented himself to be a dealer doing business as T & T Auto Sales. Wilcox, however, was in fact not a dealer under RSA chapter 261. Wilcox purchased the vehicle with a personal check for $6,300, and the vehicle’s title was purportedly transferred by assignment. The check was later dishonored. On January 10, Campbell, a licensed dealer doing business as Soupy’s Used Cars, bought the car from Wilcox for $4,300 and title to the vehicle was again transferred by assignment.

On January 15, at approximately 2:00 p.m., Dartmouth’s bookkeeper telephoned Campbell and told him that Dartmouth had a potential claim against the vehicle. At about 4:00 p.m. on the same day, the bookkeeper spoke again to Campbell. According to the Master’s (R. Peter Shapiro, Esq.) later finding, the “substance of that conversation was that the matter was cleared up, the police had no jurisdiction, and [the bookkeeper] knew Campbell was going to sell the car and he would have to do what he would have to do.” The master further found that Campbell “reasonably believed that there were no liens or adverse claims against the motor vehicle.” Willis obtained a car loan and, at approximately 5:00 p.m. on that day, Campbell sold the car for $5,500 to Willis, who took possession of the Camaro, the title documents having been prepared by Mrs. Campbell. The title application was sent to the New Hampshire Title Bureau. However, it was rejected because the mileage on the sale to Dartmouth was not noted on the title certificate and also because an application for title and the required fee had to be submitted on behalf of Wilcox, as Wilcox was not a dealer.

[528]*528Dartmouth filed this suit in March, and, after a hearing, the master found that Wilcox was in default and liable to Dartmouth in damages, but that Campbell had acted in good faith at all times and was not so liable. He further found the same to be true with regard to Willis. The master, having found that Willis was a bona fide purchaser for value, nevertheless ruled that RSA chapter 261 superseded the relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, see RSA 382-A:2-403, and that therefore Dartmouth had the right of possession of and title to the Camaro because Dartmouth’s title had never been transferred in accordance with RSA chapter 261. He further stated that Willis could proceed against Campbell’s dealer’s bond. See RSA 261:98.

Campbell filed a timely motion for reconsideration, which was denied. Both the master’s report and his denial of the motion for reconsideration were approved by the Superior Court (DiClerico, J.).

After filing an unsuccessful motion for a new trial, Campbell filed an appeal with this court, contending that the master erred in his finding that Wilcox had committed theft under RSA 637:4, and in ruling that RSA chapter 261 superseded the relevant provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code. He further argues that, because of its own conduct, Dartmouth should be estopped from asserting any title defects in its suit. Finally, Campbell maintains that the possibility of a claim against his dealer’s bond, the success of which would effectively require him to pay damages because the bonding company would exercise its right of subrogation, conflicts with the master’s holding that Campbell should not be liable in damages.

Dartmouth cross-appealed, arguing that the master erred in finding that Campbell had acted in good faith. Dartmouth also requested that this court vacate the master’s ruling as to damages. We affirm in part, reverse in part, and remand.

We note at the outset that the issues before us arise out of the relationship between certain provisions of RSA chapter 261, which governs certificates of title and the registration of motor vehicles, and the Uniform Commercial Code, RSA chapter 382-A.

Two provisions of RSA chapter 261 are relevant to this case. The first provision, RSA 261:14, covers transfers by non-dealers. It provides that an owner must execute an assignment and warranty of title to the person to whom the vehicle is to be transferred and have the certificate and assignment delivered to the transferee or the department of safety. The statute also provides that “[ejxcept as provided in RSA 261:15 and as between the parties, a transfer by an owner is not effective until the provisions of this section and RSA 261:19 [relating to fees] have been complied with. . . .” The second [529]*529provision, RSA 261:15, governs resale by dealers. Under certain specified circumstances, a dealer need not send the certificate of the prior owner to the department of safety, but instead upon transfer can “execute the assignment and warranty of title by a dealer,... in the spaces provided therefor on the certificate ... and ... deliver the certificate to the department with the transferee’s application for a new certificate.”

Article 2-403 of the New Hampshire Uniform Commercial Code, RSA 382-A:2-403 (Power to Transfer; Good Faith Purchase of Goods; “Entrusting”), provides in part:

“(1) A purchaser of goods acquires all title which his transferor had power to transfer except that a purchaser of a limited interest acquires rights only to the extent of the interest purchased. A person with voidable title has power to transfer a good title to a good faith purchaser for value. When goods have been delivered under a transaction of purchase the purchaser has such power even though
(a) the transferor was deceived as to the identity of the purchaser, or
(b) the delivery was in exchange for a check which is later dishonored, or
(c) it was agreed that the transaction was to be a ‘cash sale’, or
(d) the delivery was procured through fraud punishable as larcenous under the criminal law.”

We first deal with Dartmouth’s argument that the master erred in finding that Campbell acted in good faith when he resold the Camaro to Willis. “We will affirm a master’s findings and rulings ‘unless they are unsupported by the evidence or are erroneous as a matter of law.’” Terzis v. Estate of Whalen, 126 N.H. 88, 91, 489 A.2d 608, 611 (1985) (quoting Stanley D. v. Deborah D., 124 N.H. 138, 143, 467 A.2d 249, 251 (1983)). There was evidence at the hearing from which the master could determine that Campbell had acted in good faith at all times. What appears to have been dispositive in the master’s view was the second discussion which Campbell had with Dartmouth’s bookkeeper. In that discussion, the master found, Campbell was told in essence that he could sell the vehicle.

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Bluebook (online)
517 A.2d 804, 128 N.H. 526, 2 U.C.C. Rep. Serv. 2d (West) 895, 1986 N.H. LEXIS 324, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/dartmouth-motor-sales-inc-v-wilcox-nh-1986.