[Cite as D'Amore v. Matthews, 2011-Ohio-2038.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 95632
REGINA D’AMORE PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT
vs.
RONALD E. MATTHEWS, TRUSTEE, ETC. DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CV-644219
BEFORE: Cooney, J., Boyle, P.J., and Rocco, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: April 28, 2011 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT 2
John A. Huettner 610 Skylight Office Tower 1660 West Second Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES
Timothy S. Rankin Benjamin W. Ogg Onda, Labuhn, Rankin & Boggs Co., LPA 266 North Fourth Street Suite 100 Columbus, Ohio 43215-2511
COLLEEN CONWAY COONEY, J.:
{¶ 1} Plaintiff-appellant, Regina D’Amore (“D’Amore”), appeals the
trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of defendants-appellees,
Ronald E. Matthews (“Matthews”), Trustee of the J. Harvey Crow Trust (“the
Trust”), and Matthews, individually, as successor in interest to the Trust
property (collectively referred to “appellees”). We find no merit to the appeal
and affirm.
{¶ 2} D’Amore brought this action seeking to recover compensation she
claims J. Harvey Crow (“Crow”) owed her pursuant to a contract. In the
amended complaint, D’Amore alleges that in 1995 she and Crow executed a
handwritten agreement (the “1995 agreement”) in which Crow promised to 3
compensate her for services she would perform in connection with the
development of various properties. The 1995 agreement provided that
D’Amore would be compensated as follows: (1) $300,000 in property, cash, or
services for the years between 1995 and 1998; (2) a vested interest in the
profits derived from the operation, which shall not be less than 15%; and (3)
reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses.1
{¶ 3} In 1998, Crow organized Parkwood Ltd. (“Parkwood”), an Ohio
limited liability company, with John MacDonald (“MacDonald”) to develop
property. Crow transferred approximately 90 acres of land he owned in
Brecksville, Ohio, to Parkwood. In 1999, Crow executed an operating
agreement relating to the formation, operation, and control of Parkwood. He
never granted an equity interest in Parkwood to D’Amore.
{¶ 4} In December 2003, Crow, as grantor/settlor, and his grandson
Matthews, as trustee, executed a trust agreement for the J. Harvey Crow
Trust. Crow transferred various assets to the Trust including his interest in
Parkwood. Upon the transfer, the Trust became the majority owner of
Parkwood.
In an affidavit submitted in support of summary judgment, Matthews states that Crow 1
never developed any of the property described in this agreement. Thus, Matthews concludes that neither party to the 1995 agreement performed under the contract. 4
{¶ 5} On August 18, 2004, Crow passed away at the age of 101. On
September 14, 2004, the Madison County Probate Court appointed Matthews
the executor of Crow’s estate.
{¶ 6} On December 11, 2007, D’Amore filed the instant case alleging
breach of contract and promissory estoppel, which she later amended to
include a fraudulent transfer claim. 2 She did not name the Estate of J.
Harvey Crow or Matthews in his capacity as executor of the estate. She
alleged that Crow fraudulently transferred his assets to the Crow Trust to
avoid paying her the compensation he owed her under the 1995 agreement.
{¶ 7} Matthews filed a motion for summary judgment claiming that: (1)
D’Amore should have sued Crow’s estate rather than the Trust, (2) her claims
are barred by the applicable statute of limitations, and (3) her claims are
barred by res judicata. Matthews argued that D’Amore’s claims were barred
by res judicata because, as the fourth lawsuit related to Crow’s development
projects, the issues in this case have already been litigated or should have
been litigated in one of the earlier lawsuits. 3 The trial court agreed and
This court reversed the trial court in a prior appeal and remanded the case to allow the filing 2
of an amended complaint. D’Amore v. Matthews, Cuyahoga App. No. 91420, 2009-Ohio-131.
D’Amore moved for leave to file a second amended complaint on March 15, 2010, a month 3
after the deadline the court set for filing dispositive motions. 5
granted summary judgment in favor of Matthews. D’Amore now appeals,
raising three assignments of error.
{¶ 8} An appellate court reviews a trial court’s decision on a motion for summary
judgment de novo. Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co. (1996), 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 671 N.E.2d
241. Summary judgment is appropriate when, construing the evidence most strongly in favor
of the nonmoving party, (1) there is no genuine issue of material fact; (2) the moving party is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3) reasonable minds can come to but one
conclusion, that conclusion being adverse to the nonmoving party. Zivich v. Mentor Soccer
Club, Inc. (1998), 82 Ohio St.3d 367, 369-370, 696 N.E.2d 201, citing Horton v. Harwick
Chem. Corp. (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d 679, 653 N.E.2d 1196, paragraph three of the syllabus.
{¶ 9} As a preliminary matter, Matthews notes that D’Amore’s claims
arise out of Crow’s alleged breach of the 1995 agreement and that, as Crow’s
creditor, her claims should have been brought against Crow’s estate pursuant
to R.C. 2117.06 and not against Matthews or the J. Harvey Crow Trust. This
court has previously held that a claim for money damages arising out of an
alleged breach of contract “comes within the purview of R.C. 2117.06.” Willis
v. McDermott (June 30, 1988), Cuyahoga App. No. 53820. R.C.
2117.06(A)(1)(a) provides that “[a]ll creditors having claims against an estate,
including claims arising out of contract, [or] out of tort * * * whether due or 6
not, secured or unsecured, liquidated or unliquidated, shall present their
claims * * * [t]o executor or administrator in writing.” If the claim is denied,
then claims may be brought by filing a complaint in accordance with R.C.
2117.06.
{¶ 10} Further, non-probate assets, such as a trust, are not part of the
decedent’s estate and thus are not liable for the estate’s indebtedness. In re
Chadwick (1958), 167 Ohio St.3d 373, 149 N.E.2d 5, paragraph three of the
syllabus. Therefore, because D’Amore’s complaint fails to state a claim
against the named appellees upon which relief might be granted, we find no
error in the summary judgment granted in favor of the Trust and Matthews.
{¶ 11} In her second assignment of error, D’Amore argues the trial court
erred in granting summary judgment in favor of appellees because “none of
the defendant’s [sic] arguments for dismissal were meritorious.” Appellees
argued, inter alia, that D’Amore’s claims are barred by the applicable statutes
of limitations.
{¶ 12} R.C. 2117.06(B) provides that tort and breach of contract claims
against an estate must be brought within six months. D’Amore’s claims
consisted of breach of contract, promissory estoppel (a quasi-contract), and
fraudulent transfer (tort). R.C. 5806.04 provides a two-year statute of
limitations to challenge the validity of a transfer to a trust. Crow passed 7
away on August 18, 2004. On September 14, 2004, the Madison County
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[Cite as D'Amore v. Matthews, 2011-Ohio-2038.]
Court of Appeals of Ohio EIGHTH APPELLATE DISTRICT COUNTY OF CUYAHOGA
JOURNAL ENTRY AND OPINION No. 95632
REGINA D’AMORE PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT
vs.
RONALD E. MATTHEWS, TRUSTEE, ETC. DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES
JUDGMENT: AFFIRMED
Civil Appeal from the Cuyahoga County Court of Common Pleas Case No. CV-644219
BEFORE: Cooney, J., Boyle, P.J., and Rocco, J.
RELEASED AND JOURNALIZED: April 28, 2011 ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT 2
John A. Huettner 610 Skylight Office Tower 1660 West Second Street Cleveland, Ohio 44113
ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEES
Timothy S. Rankin Benjamin W. Ogg Onda, Labuhn, Rankin & Boggs Co., LPA 266 North Fourth Street Suite 100 Columbus, Ohio 43215-2511
COLLEEN CONWAY COONEY, J.:
{¶ 1} Plaintiff-appellant, Regina D’Amore (“D’Amore”), appeals the
trial court’s grant of summary judgment in favor of defendants-appellees,
Ronald E. Matthews (“Matthews”), Trustee of the J. Harvey Crow Trust (“the
Trust”), and Matthews, individually, as successor in interest to the Trust
property (collectively referred to “appellees”). We find no merit to the appeal
and affirm.
{¶ 2} D’Amore brought this action seeking to recover compensation she
claims J. Harvey Crow (“Crow”) owed her pursuant to a contract. In the
amended complaint, D’Amore alleges that in 1995 she and Crow executed a
handwritten agreement (the “1995 agreement”) in which Crow promised to 3
compensate her for services she would perform in connection with the
development of various properties. The 1995 agreement provided that
D’Amore would be compensated as follows: (1) $300,000 in property, cash, or
services for the years between 1995 and 1998; (2) a vested interest in the
profits derived from the operation, which shall not be less than 15%; and (3)
reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses.1
{¶ 3} In 1998, Crow organized Parkwood Ltd. (“Parkwood”), an Ohio
limited liability company, with John MacDonald (“MacDonald”) to develop
property. Crow transferred approximately 90 acres of land he owned in
Brecksville, Ohio, to Parkwood. In 1999, Crow executed an operating
agreement relating to the formation, operation, and control of Parkwood. He
never granted an equity interest in Parkwood to D’Amore.
{¶ 4} In December 2003, Crow, as grantor/settlor, and his grandson
Matthews, as trustee, executed a trust agreement for the J. Harvey Crow
Trust. Crow transferred various assets to the Trust including his interest in
Parkwood. Upon the transfer, the Trust became the majority owner of
Parkwood.
In an affidavit submitted in support of summary judgment, Matthews states that Crow 1
never developed any of the property described in this agreement. Thus, Matthews concludes that neither party to the 1995 agreement performed under the contract. 4
{¶ 5} On August 18, 2004, Crow passed away at the age of 101. On
September 14, 2004, the Madison County Probate Court appointed Matthews
the executor of Crow’s estate.
{¶ 6} On December 11, 2007, D’Amore filed the instant case alleging
breach of contract and promissory estoppel, which she later amended to
include a fraudulent transfer claim. 2 She did not name the Estate of J.
Harvey Crow or Matthews in his capacity as executor of the estate. She
alleged that Crow fraudulently transferred his assets to the Crow Trust to
avoid paying her the compensation he owed her under the 1995 agreement.
{¶ 7} Matthews filed a motion for summary judgment claiming that: (1)
D’Amore should have sued Crow’s estate rather than the Trust, (2) her claims
are barred by the applicable statute of limitations, and (3) her claims are
barred by res judicata. Matthews argued that D’Amore’s claims were barred
by res judicata because, as the fourth lawsuit related to Crow’s development
projects, the issues in this case have already been litigated or should have
been litigated in one of the earlier lawsuits. 3 The trial court agreed and
This court reversed the trial court in a prior appeal and remanded the case to allow the filing 2
of an amended complaint. D’Amore v. Matthews, Cuyahoga App. No. 91420, 2009-Ohio-131.
D’Amore moved for leave to file a second amended complaint on March 15, 2010, a month 3
after the deadline the court set for filing dispositive motions. 5
granted summary judgment in favor of Matthews. D’Amore now appeals,
raising three assignments of error.
{¶ 8} An appellate court reviews a trial court’s decision on a motion for summary
judgment de novo. Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co. (1996), 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105, 671 N.E.2d
241. Summary judgment is appropriate when, construing the evidence most strongly in favor
of the nonmoving party, (1) there is no genuine issue of material fact; (2) the moving party is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law; and (3) reasonable minds can come to but one
conclusion, that conclusion being adverse to the nonmoving party. Zivich v. Mentor Soccer
Club, Inc. (1998), 82 Ohio St.3d 367, 369-370, 696 N.E.2d 201, citing Horton v. Harwick
Chem. Corp. (1995), 73 Ohio St.3d 679, 653 N.E.2d 1196, paragraph three of the syllabus.
{¶ 9} As a preliminary matter, Matthews notes that D’Amore’s claims
arise out of Crow’s alleged breach of the 1995 agreement and that, as Crow’s
creditor, her claims should have been brought against Crow’s estate pursuant
to R.C. 2117.06 and not against Matthews or the J. Harvey Crow Trust. This
court has previously held that a claim for money damages arising out of an
alleged breach of contract “comes within the purview of R.C. 2117.06.” Willis
v. McDermott (June 30, 1988), Cuyahoga App. No. 53820. R.C.
2117.06(A)(1)(a) provides that “[a]ll creditors having claims against an estate,
including claims arising out of contract, [or] out of tort * * * whether due or 6
not, secured or unsecured, liquidated or unliquidated, shall present their
claims * * * [t]o executor or administrator in writing.” If the claim is denied,
then claims may be brought by filing a complaint in accordance with R.C.
2117.06.
{¶ 10} Further, non-probate assets, such as a trust, are not part of the
decedent’s estate and thus are not liable for the estate’s indebtedness. In re
Chadwick (1958), 167 Ohio St.3d 373, 149 N.E.2d 5, paragraph three of the
syllabus. Therefore, because D’Amore’s complaint fails to state a claim
against the named appellees upon which relief might be granted, we find no
error in the summary judgment granted in favor of the Trust and Matthews.
{¶ 11} In her second assignment of error, D’Amore argues the trial court
erred in granting summary judgment in favor of appellees because “none of
the defendant’s [sic] arguments for dismissal were meritorious.” Appellees
argued, inter alia, that D’Amore’s claims are barred by the applicable statutes
of limitations.
{¶ 12} R.C. 2117.06(B) provides that tort and breach of contract claims
against an estate must be brought within six months. D’Amore’s claims
consisted of breach of contract, promissory estoppel (a quasi-contract), and
fraudulent transfer (tort). R.C. 5806.04 provides a two-year statute of
limitations to challenge the validity of a transfer to a trust. Crow passed 7
away on August 18, 2004. On September 14, 2004, the Madison County
Probate Court appointed Matthews as executor of Crow’s estate. D’Amore
was aware of Crow’s death and of Matthews’s appointment as executor
because she caused her attorney to file a Statutory Agent Update with the
Ohio Secretary of State naming her attorney the new statutory agent for
Parkwood in Crow’s stead five days after Crow’s death. Because D’Amore
did not file her complaint in this case until December 11, 2007, over three
years after Crow’s death, her claims are barred by both R.C. 2117.06(B) and
5806.04, the applicable statutes of limitations.
{¶ 13} Accordingly, we find D’Amore’s first and third assignments of
error relating to res judicata and the denial of D’Amore’s motion for leave to
file another amended complaint to be moot.
Judgment affirmed.
It is ordered that appellees recover of appellant costs herein taxed.
The court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this court directing the
common pleas court to carry this judgment into execution.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to
Rule 27 of the Rules of Appellate Procedure. 8
______________________________________________ COLLEEN CONWAY COONEY, JUDGE
MARY J. BOYLE, P.J., and KENNETH A. ROCCO, J., CONCUR