Cunningham v. State

230 F.R.D. 391, 62 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1003, 2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19628, 2005 WL 2191044
CourtDistrict Court, D. New Jersey
DecidedSeptember 12, 2005
DocketCivil No. 03-4970(JEI)
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 230 F.R.D. 391 (Cunningham v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering District Court, D. New Jersey primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Cunningham v. State, 230 F.R.D. 391, 62 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1003, 2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19628, 2005 WL 2191044 (D.N.J. 2005).

Opinion

OPINION

IRENAS, Senior District Judge.

The instant action arises the termination of Plaintiff Genevieve Cunningham’s employment as a prison-based infectious diseases counselor after the New Jersey Department of Corrections revoked her security clearance permitting her access to state correctional facilities. Presently before the Court is the Second Motion to Dismiss by Defendant Correctional Medical Services (“CMS”).

I.

Plaintiff filed a Complaint against the State of New Jersey, the New Jersey Department of Corrections, Devon Brown, Charles Leone, Donna Klepper (collectively “State Defendants”), CMS, and several fictitious defendants on October 21, 2003. Plaintiff alleged various federal and state constitutional and statutory violations arising from the termination of her employment with the South Jersey AIDS Alliance, an organization contracted by the New Jersey Department of Health and the New Jersey Department of Corrections to provide infectious disease counseling services in state correctional facilities.

Plaintiff was initially represented by Bernard J. McBride, Esq. Mr. McBride instituted the lawsuit and served the State Defendants at some point in December, 2003.1 (Cohén Cert., Ex. A) Mr. McBride became incapacitated due to unspecified medical and personal problems not long after the State Defendants were served, and subsequently abandoned his legal practice.2 Plaintiff tried repeatedly and unsuccessfully to contact Mr. McBride.

Plaintiff eventually sought replacement counsel, and contacted Barry Cohen, Esq., in May, 2004. Mr. Cohen agreed to represent Plaintiff. He made multiple unsuccessful attempts to contact Mr. McBride in order to obtain Plaintiffs file. Plaintiff also sent a letter to Mr. McBride on June 5, 2004, terminating his services and asking him to transfer her file to Mr. Cohen. (Cohen Cert., Ex. E) Mr. McBride did not respond to Plaintiffs letter or Mr. Cohen’s correspondence.

Mr. Cohen also contacted the Attorney General’s office and Magistrate Judge Ann Marie Donio regarding the situation with Mr. McBride. Mr. Cohen informed the Court that Plaintiff was unaware of the status of her case due to Mr. McBride’s failure to respond to any communications, including whether CMS had been served or had filed any responsive pleadings. (Cohen Cert., Ex. D)

Mr. Cohen participated in a June 8, 2004, scheduling conference on Plaintiffs behalf, after learning of the conference from the [393]*393Attorney General’s office. Following the conference, Mr. Cohen sent a substitution of attorney form to Mr. McBride. Mr. McBride did not respond to Mr. Cohen’s request or any further attempts at communication.

On October 1, 2004, Mr. Cohen and the Attorney General received a letter from William F. Zeigler, Esq., who had been appointed by the Superior Court to serve as Attorney Trustee over the files of Mr. McBride due to Mr. McBride’s “temporary inability to practice law due to medical reasons.”3 (Cohen Cert., Ex. I) Mr. Zeigler asked Mr. Cohen to contact him to arrange for the transfer of Plaintiffs file. (Id.) Mr. Cohen replied and the file was sent to him on October 25, 2004. (Cohen Cert., Ex. J) On November 3, 2004, Mr. Cohen was officially substituted as Plaintiffs attorney.

Magistrate Judge Donio issued a Management Order on November 8, 2005, ordering Plaintiff to serve CMS within ten days. (Docket No. 10) A summons was issued for CMS on November 9, 2004. CMS was served on November 16, 2004.

On January 3, 2005, CMS filed its first Motion to Dismiss on several grounds, including that service was untimely.4 Plaintiff filed an Amended Complaint on March 24, 2005. CMS filed a Second Motion to Dismiss on April 6, 2005, solely on the ground that service was untimely because CMS was not served within the 120-day period required by Fed.R.Civ.P. 4(m).

II.

CMS filed its Second Motion to Dismiss pursuant to Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(5), which authorizes a district court to dismiss a case if service of process was insufficient. The party responsible for effecting service has the burden of demonstrating the validity of service. Grand Entm’t Group v. Star Media Sales, 988 F.2d 476, 488 (3d Cir.1993); Sue-gart v. United States Customs Service, 180 F.R.D. 276, 278 (E.D.Pa.1998).

Rule 4(m) sets out the period of time in which a defendant must be served with a summons and a copy of the complaint. The rule provides that:

If the service of the summons and complaint is not made upon a defendant within 120 days after the filing of the complaint, the court, upon motion or on its own initiative after notice to the plaintiff, shall dismiss the action without prejudice as to that defendant or direct that service be effected within a specified time; provided that if the plaintiff shows good cause for the failure, the court shall extend the time for service for an appropriate period.

Fed.R.Civ.P. 4(m).

The Third Circuit has held that when entertaining a motion challenging service of process under Rule 4(m), a district court must first determine if good cause exists for an extension of time for service. Petrucelli v. Bohringer and Ratzinger, GMBH, 46 F.3d 1298, 1305 (3d Cir.1995). If the plaintiff can demonstrate good cause, the district court must extend the time period for service of process. Id. If no good cause exists, “the court may in its discretion decide whether to dismiss the case without prejudice or extend time for service.” Id.

III.

In determining whether there is good cause for the extension of the time for service under Rule 4(m), district courts should consider: “(1) reasonableness of plaintiffs efforts to serve (2) prejudice to the defendant by lack of timely service and (3) whether plaintiff moved for an enlargement of time to serve.” MCI Telecomm. Corp. v. Teleconcepts, Inc., 71 F.3d 1086, 1097 (3d Cir.1995)(citing United States v. Nuttall, 122 F.R.D. 163, 166-67 (D.Del.1988)); see also Spencer v. Steinman, 968 F.Supp. 1011, 1014-15 (E.D.Pa.1997). After consideration of each of the above factors, the Court concludes that Plaintiff has shown good cause for her failure to serve CMS within the 120-day period required by Rule 4(m).

[394]*394The inadvertence or lack of diligence of counsel are generally insufficient to establish good cause for the extension of the time period for service of process. See Petrucelli, 46 F.3d at 1307. This case, however, falls outside the realm of mere inadvertence. Mr. McBride abandoned his representation of Plaintiff very early on in the prosecution of her Complaint. The record reveals that he did not communicate with his client, opposing counsel or the Court for almost a year before Mr. Cohen was officially substituted as Plaintiffs counsel.

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230 F.R.D. 391, 62 Fed. R. Serv. 3d 1003, 2005 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 19628, 2005 WL 2191044, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/cunningham-v-state-njd-2005.