C.T. v. L.T.

154 So. 3d 149, 2014 WL 1646436, 2014 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 75
CourtCourt of Civil Appeals of Alabama
DecidedApril 25, 2014
Docket2130439
StatusPublished
Cited by7 cases

This text of 154 So. 3d 149 (C.T. v. L.T.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Court of Civil Appeals of Alabama primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
C.T. v. L.T., 154 So. 3d 149, 2014 WL 1646436, 2014 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 75 (Ala. Ct. App. 2014).

Opinions

THOMAS, Judge.

C.T. (“the father”) and L.T. (“the mother”) were divorced in September 2013 by a judgment of the Montgomery Circuit Court. That judgment awarded the parties joint legal custody of their child, awarded the mother sole physical custody, and awarded the father liberal visitation rights. On February 4, 2014, the mother filed a petition for modification and a verified emergency ex parte petition to suspend the father’s visitation, in which she averred that the father had perpetrated physical and sexual abuse on the child. The trial court entered an ex parte order suspending the father’s visitation that same day, and it also entered an order setting a review hearing on the matter for February 21, 2014. The father filed an answer, a counterclaim seeking to hold the mother in contempt, and a counterclaim seeking a modification of custody on February 6, 2014.

At February 21, 2014, hearing, the judge assigned to this action determined that the child had been interviewed by someone employed by Child Protect, a local organization whose employees perform forensic interviews of children who have allegedly been abused. That judge entered an order recusing himself from further involvement in this action. According to that order, the judge recused himself from the action to avoid the appearance of impropriety based on the fact that his wife is the director of Child Protect and based on the fact that the person who had interviewed the child for Child Protect is a personal friend.

On February 24, 2014, the father filed a motion requesting a “72-hour hearing.” In that motion, the father relied on former Ala.Code 1975, § 12-15-153, which required that, if an emergency protection order is entered without notice, a hearing on the matter must be held within 72 hours after notice is given to the parent.1 The mother responded to the father’s motion by arguing that the father had not acquiesced to the judge’s suggestion that visitation be supervised by a neutral third party and that, because of his decision not to engage in visitation under that parameter, the father was not entitled to a hear[151]*151ing. The mother also noted that an investigation concerning the abuse allegations was ongoing.

The action was reassigned to another circuit-court judge, who, on February 24, 2014, denied the father’s motion for a hearing. The trial court then entered an order that same day setting a final hearing in the action for June 30, 2014, and July 1, 2014. The father sought reconsideration of the denial of his motion for a hearing, arguing that this court’s opinion in Ex parte Couey, 110 So.3d 378 (Ala.Civ.App. 2012), required the trial court to hold a hearing within 72 hours after the entry of the ex parte order affecting the custody of the child. The mother opposed the father’s motion requesting the trial court to reconsider its denial of the father’s motion seeking a hearing, arguing, without citation to authority, that “custody and visitation are two (2) separate and distinct issues” and contending, therefore, that the father’s reliance on Ex parte Couey was misplaced. The father then timely filed his petition for the writ of mandamus with this court on February 27, 2014.

“ ‘A writ of mandamus is an extraordinary remedy ... that should be granted only if the trial court clearly abused its discretion by acting in an arbitrary or capricious manner.’ Ex parte Edwards, 727 So.2d 792, 794 (Ala.1998). The petitioner must demonstrate:
“ ‘ “(1) a clear legal right in the petitioner to the order sought; (2) an imperative duty upon the respondent to perform, accompanied by a refusal to do so; (3) the lack of another adequate remedy; and (4) properly invoked jurisdiction of the court.” ’
“Ex parte Edwards, 727 So.2d at 794 (quoting Ex parte Adams, 514 So.2d 845, 850 (Ala.1987)).”

Ex parte D.J.B., 859 So.2d 445, 448 (Ala. Civ.App.2003).

In his petition, the father seeks an order compelling the Montgomery Circuit Court to hold a hearing on the mother’s motion to suspend his visitation. He argues that the ex parte order, although appropriately entered, cannot be maintained indefinitely without providing the father notice, a hearing, and an opportunity to be heard on the matter. He further argues that, under recent precedent established by this court, a hearing should be held within 72 hours after a parent receives notice of an ex parte order affecting his or her rights to the custody of his or her child. As noted earlier, the father relies on this court’s recent pronouncement in Ex parte Couey, 110 So.3d at 381, that,

“[although [Ala.Code 1975,] § 12-15-308(a)[,] applies only in dependency actions,- we believe it to be instructive in nonjuvenile custody cases as well because the serious nature of removing a child from the custody of a parent without giving that parent notice and an opportunity to be heard is the same whether in the context of a juvenile proceeding or a nonjuvenile proceeding. The requirement in dependency cases that a hearing be conducted within 72 hours of a child’s removal from the custody of his or her parent supports a conclusion that, even when it is necessary to remove a child from his or her parent’s custody without first giving the parent notice or an opportunity to be heard, that parent should be given notice and an opportunity to be heard as expeditiously as possible — certainly sooner than 10 weeks after a child has been removed from the parent’s custody.2

[152]*152The mother and the trial court answered the father’s petition. Both assert that Ex parte Coney is inapposite. The mother argues that the father is not entitled to the due-process protections recognized in Ex parte Coney because he was not a custodial parent and has only visitation rights and not custody rights. The trial court first states in its response that this case is a domestic-relations action, presumably to point out to this court that the 72-hour-hearing requirement set out in the Alabama Juvenile Justice Act is not applicable to this action. The trial court further explains that, based on Rule 65(b), Ala. R. Civ. P., which provides that a temporary restraining order in a domestic-relations case does not expire automatically within 10 days, it was permitted to set the hearing on the father’s motion at a later date. Based on this conclusion and the fact that the investigation of the abuse allegations is ongoing, the trial court asserts that its decision to set the hearing on the father’s motion 18 weeks after he first requested a hearing and nearly 21 weeks after his right to visit with the child, was suspended in an ex parte order entered without notice to the father “are not contrary to the findings in Ex parte Coney.” We cannot agree with the mother or the trial court.

We have stated before that

“[o]rdinarily a parent’s right to custody (or visitation) of his minor child cannot be cut off except after due notice to the parent and an opportunity to be heard. To allow such would be to deprive the parent of his legal rights without due process of law. Ex parte White, 245 Ala. [212,] 215, 16 So.2d [500,] 503 [ (1944) ]. However, due process does not require that in every case the determination of the parent’s rights must precede any interference therein. Ex parte White, 245 Ala. 212, 16 So.2d 500.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
154 So. 3d 149, 2014 WL 1646436, 2014 Ala. Civ. App. LEXIS 75, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/ct-v-lt-alacivapp-2014.