Creamer v. Amsterdam High School

277 A.D.2d 647, 716 N.Y.S.2d 452, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12034
CourtAppellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York
DecidedNovember 16, 2000
StatusPublished
Cited by4 cases

This text of 277 A.D.2d 647 (Creamer v. Amsterdam High School) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Creamer v. Amsterdam High School, 277 A.D.2d 647, 716 N.Y.S.2d 452, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12034 (N.Y. Ct. App. 2000).

Opinion

Peters, J.

Appeals (1) from an order of the Supreme Court (Best, J.), entered April 23, 1999 in Montgomery County, which, inter alia, granted plaintiffs’ motion to set aside the verdict as insufficient, denied defendant Dec-Tam Corporation’s motion for common-law indemnification against third-party defendant and denied a motion by defendants Amsterdam High School and Amsterdam Central School District for indemnification against Dec-Tam Corporation, (2) from a judgment of said court, entered October 20, 1999 in Montgomery County, dismissing the complaint against Amsterdam High School and Amsterdam Central School District, and (3) from a judgment of [648]*648said court, entered November 5, 1999 in Montgomery County, upon a verdict rendered in favor of plaintiffs against Dec-Tarn Corporation and third-party defendant.

Defendant Dec-Tarn Corporation was-hired by defendant Amsterdam Central School District (hereinafter the District) to be the general contractor of an asbestos abatement project at defendant Amsterdam High School in the City of Amsterdam, Montgomery County. Jack Eisenbach Engineering, P. C. (hereinafter Eisenbach) was also hired to oversee the abatement portion of the project, with Dec-Tarn to indemnify it as the District’s agent. Dec-Tarn subcontracted with third-party defendant, Pulver Roofing Company, Inc., to install a temporary roof during the abatement project.

According to Eisenbach’s project manual, all workers were required to wear respirators and a full-body disposable protective suit, specified as a Tyvek suit or its equivalent, which would be impenetrable by asbestos fibers. Dec-Tarn, therefore, provided all of Pulver’s employees, including plaintiff Michael J. Creamer (hereinafter plaintiff), with Tyvek suits and a respirator, with employees of both Dec-Tarn and Eisenbach actively enforcing their use. Plaintiff contended that he was repeatedly told that he could not wear his typical roofing attire which consisted of a long-sleeved cotton shirt, jeans and gloves since only nylon shorts could be worn under the suit. Plaintiff also contended that he complained that the Tyvek suit was hot, it provided no protection for the type of work he was required to perform and that the mask, with two filters on the outside, impeded his downward vision.

The installation of the temporary roof required that asphalt, heated to approximately 425 degrees, be mopped onto the roofs surface from a bucket on the roof called a “shrimp boat.” On the date of the accident, plaintiff was attempting to pick up the mop and twist it back into the shrimp boat when his foot got stuck in the middle of his twist as he was searching to find the shrimp boat. With his downward vision obstructed by the respirator, he contended that he lost his balance and fell with his right arm landing in the bucket of hot tar. The Tyvek suit immediately melted into his skin and thus several layers of his skin were pulled away when the suit was ultimately removed. In addition to suffering from second- and third-degree burns to 20% of his body, plaintiff underwent numerous skin grafts and debridements. His injuries caused a substantial loss of muscle mass, with nerve injury, scarring and loss of range of motion to his right upper extremity.

Plaintiff and his wife, derivatively, commenced this action [649]*649against Amsterdam High School, the District (hereinafter collectively referred to as Amsterdam) and Dec-Tarn alleging negligence and violations of Labor Law §§ 200, 240 and 241. Dec-Tarn commenced a third-party action against Pulver. Following discovery, Amsterdam, Dec-Tarn and Pulver moved for summary judgment seeking, inter alia, dismissal of plaintiffs’ complaint. Supreme Court dismissed plaintiffs’ claims under Labor Law §§ 200 and 240 upon its conclusion that there was a failure to controvert defendants’ assertions that they had no control over the employees of Pulver — a fact not disputed by Pulver at such time. Notably, plaintiffs did not appeal from any aspect of the court’s determination yet Pulver appealed from that portion which denied its motion to dismiss various claims under Labor Law § 241 (6). Upon our prior review of that limited issue, we found that plaintiffs’ expert affidavit set forth sufficient admissible evidence to demonstrate the existence of a triable issue of whether there existed a violation of 12 NYCRR 23-1.8 (c) (4) which requires owners and general contractors to provide appropriate protective equipment where an employee is using corrosive substances (see, 241 AD2d 589, 591).

At the close of plaintiffs’ case, Amsterdam moved for a directed verdict on the issue of contractual and common-law indemnification from Dec-Tarn. Dec-Tarn moved for, inter alia, a directed verdict dismissing the complaint by contending that plaintiffs’ expert had failed to demonstrate that hot asphalt was a corrosive substance; Amsterdam joined in that motion. Supreme Court denied all of the motions and the jury returned a verdict absolving Amsterdam of liability yet finding that Dec-Tarn and Pulver were each 40% negligent and Dec-Tarn was actively negligent. Awarding plaintiffs $160,000 in damages for past and future pain and suffering, they moved to set aside the damage award and Pulver moved for, inter alia, judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Amsterdam cross-moved for an order granting it contractual and/or common-law indemnification from Dec-Tarn and Dec-Tarn cross-moved for, inter alia, an order granting it common-law indemnification from Pulver. By order entered April 23, 1999, Supreme Court granted plaintiffs’ motion for a new trial on the issue of damages and denied all remaining motions. Pulver, Dec-Tarn and Amsterdam appealed from a denial of such motions and Pulver and Dec-Tarn appeal from a judgment, entered October 20, 1999, dismissing the complaint against Amsterdam. Pulver also appeals from a stipulated award of damages of $200,000, set forth in the final judgment entered November 5, 1999.

Pulver and Dec-Tarn assert that the jury’s conclusion that [650]*650the hot asphalt was a “corrosive substance” within the meaning of 12 NYCRR 23-1.8 (c) (4) was not supported by legally sufficient evidence and that plaintiffs failed to establish that the protective gear proximately caused or exacerbated the injuries. At issue here is the testimony proffered by Harlan Fair, plaintiffs’ expert, regarding, the meaning of “corrosive substance” within the context of the promulgation of the regulation by the Department of Labor. Since defendants failed to rebut such testimony and never objected to Fair’s statements or qualifications during his direct testimony, we find that Fair’s testimony was admissible and competent to clarify an issue beyond the ken of the average juror (see, Selkowitz v County of Nassau, 45 NY2d 97, 101-102).

Turning to the issue of proximate cause, plaintiffs presented evidence that the respirator required by Amsterdam’s agent, Eisenbach, which was provided by Pulver and enforced by Dec-Tarn, impeded his downward vision. Fair testified, as a construction site safety expert, that appropriate protective apparel within the meaning of 12 NYCRR 23-1.8 (c) (4) and this particular task would have been a hooded respirator with rear connections. Fair also detailed how the Tyvek suit exacerbated plaintiff’s injuries; his testimony to the effect that the suit will melt at 265 degrees and adhere to the skin was confirmed by Eisenbach. Plaintiff testified that because he was not permitted to wear a cotton shirt under the suit, the sleeve of the suit melted into his arm when he fell into the heated asphalt.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
277 A.D.2d 647, 716 N.Y.S.2d 452, 2000 N.Y. App. Div. LEXIS 12034, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/creamer-v-amsterdam-high-school-nyappdiv-2000.