Crayton v. Sentry Ins. Co.

612 So. 2d 767, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 4221, 1992 WL 409977
CourtLouisiana Court of Appeal
DecidedDecember 23, 1992
Docket91 CA 1305
StatusPublished
Cited by6 cases

This text of 612 So. 2d 767 (Crayton v. Sentry Ins. Co.) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Louisiana Court of Appeal primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Crayton v. Sentry Ins. Co., 612 So. 2d 767, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 4221, 1992 WL 409977 (La. Ct. App. 1992).

Opinion

612 So.2d 767 (1992)

Rufus CRAYTON
v.
SENTRY INSURANCE COMPANY, et al.

No. 91 CA 1305.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, First Circuit.

December 23, 1992.
Rehearing Denied February 5, 1993.
Writ Denied March 19, 1993.

*768 Byard Edwards, Ponchatoula, for plaintiff/third-appellant.

Rodney Cashe, Hammond, for Carl O. Speed second-appellant.

Mickey S. deLaup, Metairie, for defendant/first-appellant Sentry Ins. Co.

Before WATKINS, CRAIN and GONZALES, JJ.

*769 CRAIN, Judge.

This is an action by insured homeowners, Rufus and Margaret Crayton, against insurance agent Carl Speed and Sentry Insurance Company (Sentry). Speed originally procured a builder's risk policy to insure the Craytons' home during construction. The policy was written by Sentry Insurance Company. When the residence was approximately 80% complete Crayton and his family moved in and occupied the residence while Mr. Crayton completed much of the finish work himself. Speed inspected the premises during this period and agreed to convert the policy from a builder's risk to a homeowner's policy. After this inspection, but prior to the time that Crayton received the new policy, the home and its contents were destroyed by fire on May 18, 1980.

Sentry denied payment on the policy on the grounds that the policy was voided due to the increased risk created by the presence and storage on the premises of numerous painting supplies. On August 29, 1980, Sentry paid the sum of $71,143.98 to the named mortgagee, First Guaranty Bank. Crayton instituted an action against Sentry in the Twenty-First Judicial District Court in Tangipahoa Parish. Sentry reconvened seeking reimbursement for the sum paid to First Guaranty Bank and had the case transferred to the United States District Court, Eastern District of Louisiana (Civil Action No. 81-276). The action was tried in May, 1982. In answer to special interrogatories the jury found defendants did not prove the defenses of fraud or arson. It found defendants proved the defense of increased physical hazard. Judgment was entered in accordance with the verdict in favor of Sentry and against the Craytons for the sum of $69,901.86 plus interest. That judgment remains outstanding.

On July 6, 1984, this action was instituted against Sentry and Speed in the Twenty-First Judicial District Court in Tangipahoa Parish seeking damages for breach of contract. Defendants filed an "Exception of Res Judicata, Collateral Estoppel and Vagueness." The trial court sustained the objection of res judicata and dismissed plaintiffs' suit. Plaintiffs appealed to this court wherein by unpublished per curiam opinion (Docket Number CA 880347) we reversed the judgment of the trial court and held that the former and the present actions lacked identity of cause, thus the present action was not barred by res judicata. We remanded for further proceedings.

Sentry subsequently filed exceptions raising the objections of prescription, vagueness and no cause of action which the trial court denied. We declined to exercise our supervisory jurisdiction regarding Sentry's subsequent writ applications on these matters.

After trial on the merits, judgment was rendered in favor of Crayton and against Sentry and Speed, jointly and in solido in the sum of $165,000, with legal interest running from January 8, 1981, until paid.

From this judgment defendants appeal alleging as error:

(1) the trial court's determination that an insurance agent, as distinguished from a broker, owes a fiduciary duty to the insured;

(2) the trial court's determination that Speed breached a fiduciary duty owed to Crayton;

(3) the trial court's judgment was based on the insurance contract and is thus barred by res judicata;

(4) the trial court's failure to maintain the exception of prescription;

(5) the sum awarded for the residence exceeds the policy limits;

(6) the sum awarded for loss of contents exceeds the policy limits;

(7) the award for loss of contents was based on plaintiff's uncorroborated testimony;

(8) the award of interest from the date of loss rather than the date of judicial demand;

(9) the trial court's failure to grant or allow Sentry a credit or set off for the judgment rendered in favor of Sentry in the federal court action.

*770 Crayton answered the appeal and alleged as error the trial court's failure to award nonpecuniary damages.

DUTY OF INSURANCE AGENT

In the first and second assignments of error defendants contend that Speed was the exclusive agent of Sentry, thus Speed owed a fiduciary duty only to Sentry, not to the insured; and if such a duty was owed Speed's conduct did not constitute a breach of that duty. Defendants argue that Speed owed no duty to the Craytons to inform them that the presence of the painting supplies created a hazard which would void the policy.

The Insurance Code distinguishes an insurance agent from an insurance broker. An "insurance agent" as defined in La.R.S. 22:1161:

an individual who is a resident of this state, or whose principal office is in this state, or a partnership the members of which are residents of this state or have their principal office in this state, or a corporation having by its charter the power to act as an insurance agent and whose principal office is in this state, and whose officers and principal stockholders are residents of this state, authorized in writing by any insurer lawfully authorized to transact business in this state, to act as its representative with authority to solicit, negotiate and effect contracts of insurance in its behalf, who or which has an office in this state in which is kept a record of the contracts of insurance signed, countersigned or issued by them, and whose premium writings represented by the premiums on contracts of insurance signed, countersigned or issued by them for the general public exceed (except in the case of first-time applicants) those on insurance signed, countersigned or issued by them covering their own property or risks or insurable interests and, in the case of individual agents, the property or risks of their relatives or employer.

An "insurance broker" is defined in La. R.S. 22:1162 (prior to its amendment by La.Acts 1988, No. 352, Sec. 1) to be:

an individual, partnership or corporation who or which shall, for a commission or brokerage consideration, act for or aid in any manner in negotiating contracts of insurance, or in placing risks or soliciting or effecting insurance as agent for an insured or prospective insured other than himself or itself, and not as a licensed agent of an insurer, and not as an insurance solicitor employed by a licensed agent.

La.R.S. 22:1161 and 1162 are contained in Part XXV of the Insurance Code (La.R.S. 22:1161-1183) which is entitled: "Qualification and License Requirements for Brokers and Agents Other Than Life." These statutes are regulatory in nature and are used to determine the type of license, and the qualifications and licensing requirements for brokers and agents. They are not intended to, nor do they, change the general laws of agency; neither do they prevent courts from finding an agency relationship existing outside the scope of the statutes. Tiner v. Aetna Life Insurance Co., 291 So.2d 774 (La.1974).

The primary distinction in the determination that a person procured insurance as the agent of the insurer rather than as a broker is that the acts of the agent of the insurer are imputable to the insurer.

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Cite This Page — Counsel Stack

Bluebook (online)
612 So. 2d 767, 1992 La. App. LEXIS 4221, 1992 WL 409977, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/crayton-v-sentry-ins-co-lactapp-1992.