Craig v. State

2007 WY 122, 163 P.3d 828, 2007 Wyo. LEXIS 132, 2007 WL 2198234
CourtWyoming Supreme Court
DecidedAugust 2, 2007
Docket06-30
StatusPublished
Cited by3 cases

This text of 2007 WY 122 (Craig v. State) is published on Counsel Stack Legal Research, covering Wyoming Supreme Court primary law. Counsel Stack provides free access to over 12 million legal documents including statutes, case law, regulations, and constitutions.

Bluebook
Craig v. State, 2007 WY 122, 163 P.3d 828, 2007 Wyo. LEXIS 132, 2007 WL 2198234 (Wyo. 2007).

Opinion

GOLDEN, Justice.

Jason Craig pled guilty pursuant to a plea agreement to one count of battery 1 against a household member. The district court sentenced Craig to 30 to 36 months imprisonment based on a finding that this was Craig's third domestic violence convietion. On appeal, Craig challenges the volun-tariness of his guilty plea and the legality of the district court's sentencing decision. We affirm.

ISSUES

[1 2] Craig raises the following issues:

I. Whether Appellant was denied his Sixth Amendment right to a trial by jury when the district court made the factual determination that Appellant's two previous convictions were assaults on household members.
II. Whether Appellant entered a knowing and voluntary guilty plea.

FACTS

On February 15, 2005, Craig struck his wife multiple times in the face. Craig then grabbed a broom and proceeded to hit her with the handle until she fell to the floor, at which time he then kicked her several times. During the attack, Mrs. Craig suffered a cut lip and bruising to her face, left leg, and left hand. Mrs. Craig reported to the police officers responding to the seene that the physical abuse had been ongoing for some time and provided details of an assault that had occurred approximately two weeks earlier, during which Craig had struck her on the head with a wooden mallet.

*830 The State charged Craig with two counts of battery against a household member in violation of Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 6-2-501(b) and ()G) (LexisNexis 2007), both felonies. 2 The charging documents alleged that Craig had two prior battery convictions involving a household member within the previous ten years. The parties ultimately reached a plea agreement, wherein Craig agreed to plead guilty to Count II in exchange for the State's dismissal of Count I. 3 The plea agreement set a three-year cap on sentencing in the event the offense was found to be Craig's third domestic violence conviction within ten years, and reserved to Craig the right to challenge the nature of the prior offenses and the applicability of the felony enhancement at sentencing.

At the change of plea hearing, as an initial matter, Craig disputed whether the two prior convictions qualified as predicate offenses under the felony sentence enhancement provision of § The district court determined that both convictions could be used as a basis for enhancement so long as the State proved beyond a reasonable doubt that they were committed against a member of Craig's household. The parties agreed that the issue should be resolved by the district court at the sentencing hearing

[T6] The district court then addressed Craig personally and advised him of his rights under W.R.Cr.P. 11, including the right to a jury trial on the charged offenses, and the rights he would be waiving by pleading guilty. Craig stated that he understood the court's advisement. Craig then pled guilty to Count II, admitting to battering his wife. The district court found that the plea was knowingly and voluntarily entered with full awareness of the potential consequences.

[T7] At the sentencing hearing, the district court heard evidence that Craig's prior battery convictions involved a household member. The district court concluded sufficient evidence existed that this was Craig's third conviction of assault and battery against a household member and sentenced him in accordance with the plea agreement. This appeal followed.

DISCUSSION

Voluntariness of guilty plea

[18] We first address Craig's challenge to the voluntariness of his guilty plea. Claims regarding the voluntariness of a guilty plea are reviewed de movo. Maes v. State, 2005 WY 70, ¶ 9, 114 P.3d 708, 710 (Wyo.2005); Van Haele v. State, 2004 WY 59, ¶ 12, 90 P.3d 708, 711 (Wyo.2004). We examine the procedure utilized to accept a guilty plea as a whole to determine if the trial court "sufficiently described the nature of the *831 charges, including the possible penalties; informed the defendant of the right to representation; informed the defendant of the rights waived by a guilty plea; and obtained a factual basis for the plea." Id. These procedural requirements are intended to assure that the defendant is not misled into an unintentional waiver of substantial rights. Reyna v. State, 2001 WY 105, ¶ 9, 33 P.3d 1129, 1182 (Wyo.2001); McCarty v. State, 883 P.2d 367, 372 (Wyo.1994). A guilty plea will stand where the totality of the cireumstances demonstrates that the defendant made a voluntary and intelligent choice to plead guilty from alternative courses of action available to him and understood the consequences of his plea. Maes, 1 9, 114 P.3d at 710.

Craig contends he was never aceu-rately advised of the nature of his plea. Specifically, Craig contends he was never adequately advised of the minimum and maximum penalties for his crime and, as a consequence, did not know whether he was pleading guilty to a misdemeanor or felony. The charging Information, however, was quite clear. Craig pled guilty to Count II, which was felony battery against a household member. At the change of plea hearing, the district court ensured Craig's understanding of the charge against him:

THE COURT: Have you reviewed the Information that's been filed in this matter?
[CRAIG]: Yes, Your Honor, I have.
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THE COURT: Now, this Information contains originally two counts. And the proposal is a potential guilty plea to Count Two, which is a charge of assault and battery on an alleged household member. Do you understand that?
[CRAIG]: Yes, sir, I do.
THE COURT: And this is alleged to have cecurred in February 15th of this year in Natrona County.

[110] The unusual aspect of this case, and seemingly what Craig is objecting to on appeal, is that a process was adopted whereby the State would present evidence at the sentencing hearing establishing that this was Craig's third battery conviction against a household member. In the event the State was unable to meet its burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt, then the felony charge would be reduced to a misdemeanor. Craig's objection is not well-taken, however, since he knowingly and voluntarily agreed to this process:

THE COURT: ... The State is reserving the right to argue that you had been previously convicted at least twice of assault and battery on household members. If they are able to prove that, that would make this a felony with a potential penalty of a five-year prison sentence.
Do you understand that?
[CRAIG]: Yes, sir, I do.
THE COURT: And do you understand that they reserve the right to argue these facts at sentencing?
[CRAIG]: Yes, sir, I do.

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Bluebook (online)
2007 WY 122, 163 P.3d 828, 2007 Wyo. LEXIS 132, 2007 WL 2198234, Counsel Stack Legal Research, https://law.counselstack.com/opinion/craig-v-state-wyo-2007.