In the United States Court of Federal Claims OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS No. 17-420V (not to be published)
************************* JAMES COX, * * Special Master Corcoran * Petitioner, * Filed: July 26, 2019 * v. * * Attorney’s Fees and Costs. SECRETARY OF HEALTH * AND HUMAN SERVICES, * * * Respondent. * * *************************
Amy A. Senerth, Muller Brazil, LLP, Dresher, PA, for Petitioner.
Mallori B. Openchowski, U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.
DECISION GRANTING FINAL AWARD OF ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS1
On March 24, 2017, James Cox (“Petitioner”) filed a petition seeking compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (“Vaccine Program”).2 Petitioner alleged that he suffered from Guillain-Barré syndrome as a result of receiving the influenza vaccine on September 24, 2014. The parties filed a stipulation for award on December 21, 2018, which I adopted as my Decision awarding damages on December 27, 2018. (ECF No. 36).
1 Although I have not designated this Decision for publication, it will be made available on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services). In accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), petitioner has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I agree that the identified material fits within this definition, I will redact such material from the public Decision. 2 The Vaccine Program comprises Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3758, codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10 through 34 (2012) (“Vaccine Act” or “the Act”). Petitioner has now filed a motion requesting final attorney’s fees and costs, dated April 17, 2019 (ECF No. 41) (“Fees App.”), requesting a total award of $29,256.94 (representing $27,309.50 in fees, plus $1,947.44 in costs). Fees App. at 2. Pursuant to General Order No. 9, Petitioner warrants that he has not personally incurred any costs in pursuit of this litigation. Id. Respondent reacted to the motion on April 29, 2019, indicating that he is satisfied that the statutory requirements for an award of attorney’s fees and costs are met in this case, and deferring to my discretion to determine the amount to be awarded. Response, ECF No. 42, at 2-3. Petitioner did not file a reply thereafter.
For the reasons set forth below, I hereby GRANT Petitioner’s motion in part, awarding final attorney’s fees and costs in the amount of $28,323.14.
ANALYSIS
Vaccine Program attorneys are entitled to a fees award in successful cases like this one. Determining the appropriate amount of that award is a two-part process. The first part involves application of the lodestar method – “multiplying the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable hourly rate.” Avera v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1347-48 (Fed. Cir. 2008) (quoting Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)).3 The second part involves adjusting the lodestar calculation up or down to take relevant factors into consideration. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. This standard for calculating a fee award is considered applicable in most cases where a fee award is authorized by federal statute. Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 429-37 (1983).
Petitioner requests the following rates of compensation for his attorneys: for Ms. Amy Senerth, $225.00 per hour for work performed in 2017, $233.00 per hour for work performed in
3 An attorney's reasonable hourly rate is more precisely understood to be the “prevailing market rate” in the relevant forum. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1349; Rodriguez v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., No. 06-559V, 2009 WL 2568468, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 27, 2009), mot. for rev. denied, 91 Fed. Cl. 453 (2010), aff'd, 632 F.3d 1381 (Fed. Cir. 2011). That rate is in turn determined by the “forum rule,” which bases the award rate on rates paid to similarly qualified attorneys in the forum where the relevant court sits (Washington, D.C., for Vaccine Program cases). Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. After the hourly rate is determined, the reasonableness of the total hours expended must be considered. Sabella, 86 Fed. Cl. at 205-06. This reasonableness inquiry involves consideration of the work performed on the matter, the skill and experience of the attorneys involved, and whether any waste or duplication of effort is evident. Hensley, 461 U.S. at 434, 437.
In some cases, determining the proper hourly rate for a particular attorney requires consideration of whether there is a significant disparity between the forum rate applicable to the Vaccine Program generally and the geographic forum in which the attorney practices, in order to adjust the rate used for the lodestar calculation. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1349, (citing Davis County Solid Waste Mgmt. & Energy Recovery Special Serv. Dist. v. EPA, 169 F.3d 755, 758 (D.C. Cir. 1999) ).
2 2018, and $250.00 per hour for work performed in 2019; for Mr. Paul Brazil, $255.00 per hour for work performed in 2015, $275.00 per hour for work performed in 2016, $300.00 per hour for work performed in 2017, $317.00 per hour for work performed in 2018, and $325.00 per hour for work performed in 2019; and for paralegals, $125.00 per hour to $150.00 per hour depending on the year the work performed and the paralegal. Fees App. at 1-2. These rates are consistent with what I and other special masters have awarded Muller Brazil, LLP attorneys and staff for their work over the respective years and is also consistent with the Office of Special Masters’ fee schedule.4 See Bush v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 16-1310V, 2019 WL 2710799, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. May 31, 2019). Accordingly, no adjustment to the requested rates is necessary.
Minor issues with the hours expended on this matter, however, necessitate a small reduction in the total fees award. Attorneys at the Muller Brazil firm consistently billed time to assign various tasks to paralegals. While some of this billed time is reasonable, such as directing a paralegal to send an e-mail requesting specific information, in my experience billing even 0.1 hours to assign filing a document is excessive. Paralegals also typically billed time to meet with an attorney concerning the filing of a document, making the total time expended on a routine task even more excessive. See generally Fees App. (entries on 3/21/17, 5/10/17, 6/19/17, 12/11/17, 12/22/17, 7/31/18, etc.). Additionally, paralegals occasionally billed excessive time on some tasks, such as filing documents (e.g., 0.3 hours on 7/31/18 to file a joint status report) or preparing notices of filing (e.g. three separate billing entries on 12/20/17 for the preparation of notices of filing when only one notice of filing encompassing all three exhibits was filed). ECF No. 20. To correct for these entries, I will reduce the final fees award by $933.80.
I will next turn to costs.
Free access — add to your briefcase to read the full text and ask questions with AI
In the United States Court of Federal Claims OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS No. 17-420V (not to be published)
************************* JAMES COX, * * Special Master Corcoran * Petitioner, * Filed: July 26, 2019 * v. * * Attorney’s Fees and Costs. SECRETARY OF HEALTH * AND HUMAN SERVICES, * * * Respondent. * * *************************
Amy A. Senerth, Muller Brazil, LLP, Dresher, PA, for Petitioner.
Mallori B. Openchowski, U.S. Dep’t of Justice, Washington, DC, for Respondent.
DECISION GRANTING FINAL AWARD OF ATTORNEY’S FEES AND COSTS1
On March 24, 2017, James Cox (“Petitioner”) filed a petition seeking compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (“Vaccine Program”).2 Petitioner alleged that he suffered from Guillain-Barré syndrome as a result of receiving the influenza vaccine on September 24, 2014. The parties filed a stipulation for award on December 21, 2018, which I adopted as my Decision awarding damages on December 27, 2018. (ECF No. 36).
1 Although I have not designated this Decision for publication, it will be made available on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website in accordance with the E-Government Act of 2002. 44 U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012) (Federal Management and Promotion of Electronic Government Services). In accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), petitioner has 14 days to identify and move to redact medical or other information, the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy. If, upon review, I agree that the identified material fits within this definition, I will redact such material from the public Decision. 2 The Vaccine Program comprises Part 2 of the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3758, codified as amended at 42 U.S.C. §§ 300aa-10 through 34 (2012) (“Vaccine Act” or “the Act”). Petitioner has now filed a motion requesting final attorney’s fees and costs, dated April 17, 2019 (ECF No. 41) (“Fees App.”), requesting a total award of $29,256.94 (representing $27,309.50 in fees, plus $1,947.44 in costs). Fees App. at 2. Pursuant to General Order No. 9, Petitioner warrants that he has not personally incurred any costs in pursuit of this litigation. Id. Respondent reacted to the motion on April 29, 2019, indicating that he is satisfied that the statutory requirements for an award of attorney’s fees and costs are met in this case, and deferring to my discretion to determine the amount to be awarded. Response, ECF No. 42, at 2-3. Petitioner did not file a reply thereafter.
For the reasons set forth below, I hereby GRANT Petitioner’s motion in part, awarding final attorney’s fees and costs in the amount of $28,323.14.
ANALYSIS
Vaccine Program attorneys are entitled to a fees award in successful cases like this one. Determining the appropriate amount of that award is a two-part process. The first part involves application of the lodestar method – “multiplying the number of hours reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable hourly rate.” Avera v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1347-48 (Fed. Cir. 2008) (quoting Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)).3 The second part involves adjusting the lodestar calculation up or down to take relevant factors into consideration. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. This standard for calculating a fee award is considered applicable in most cases where a fee award is authorized by federal statute. Hensley v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 429-37 (1983).
Petitioner requests the following rates of compensation for his attorneys: for Ms. Amy Senerth, $225.00 per hour for work performed in 2017, $233.00 per hour for work performed in
3 An attorney's reasonable hourly rate is more precisely understood to be the “prevailing market rate” in the relevant forum. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1349; Rodriguez v. Sec'y of Health & Human Servs., No. 06-559V, 2009 WL 2568468, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. July 27, 2009), mot. for rev. denied, 91 Fed. Cl. 453 (2010), aff'd, 632 F.3d 1381 (Fed. Cir. 2011). That rate is in turn determined by the “forum rule,” which bases the award rate on rates paid to similarly qualified attorneys in the forum where the relevant court sits (Washington, D.C., for Vaccine Program cases). Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. After the hourly rate is determined, the reasonableness of the total hours expended must be considered. Sabella, 86 Fed. Cl. at 205-06. This reasonableness inquiry involves consideration of the work performed on the matter, the skill and experience of the attorneys involved, and whether any waste or duplication of effort is evident. Hensley, 461 U.S. at 434, 437.
In some cases, determining the proper hourly rate for a particular attorney requires consideration of whether there is a significant disparity between the forum rate applicable to the Vaccine Program generally and the geographic forum in which the attorney practices, in order to adjust the rate used for the lodestar calculation. Avera, 515 F.3d at 1349, (citing Davis County Solid Waste Mgmt. & Energy Recovery Special Serv. Dist. v. EPA, 169 F.3d 755, 758 (D.C. Cir. 1999) ).
2 2018, and $250.00 per hour for work performed in 2019; for Mr. Paul Brazil, $255.00 per hour for work performed in 2015, $275.00 per hour for work performed in 2016, $300.00 per hour for work performed in 2017, $317.00 per hour for work performed in 2018, and $325.00 per hour for work performed in 2019; and for paralegals, $125.00 per hour to $150.00 per hour depending on the year the work performed and the paralegal. Fees App. at 1-2. These rates are consistent with what I and other special masters have awarded Muller Brazil, LLP attorneys and staff for their work over the respective years and is also consistent with the Office of Special Masters’ fee schedule.4 See Bush v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 16-1310V, 2019 WL 2710799, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. May 31, 2019). Accordingly, no adjustment to the requested rates is necessary.
Minor issues with the hours expended on this matter, however, necessitate a small reduction in the total fees award. Attorneys at the Muller Brazil firm consistently billed time to assign various tasks to paralegals. While some of this billed time is reasonable, such as directing a paralegal to send an e-mail requesting specific information, in my experience billing even 0.1 hours to assign filing a document is excessive. Paralegals also typically billed time to meet with an attorney concerning the filing of a document, making the total time expended on a routine task even more excessive. See generally Fees App. (entries on 3/21/17, 5/10/17, 6/19/17, 12/11/17, 12/22/17, 7/31/18, etc.). Additionally, paralegals occasionally billed excessive time on some tasks, such as filing documents (e.g., 0.3 hours on 7/31/18 to file a joint status report) or preparing notices of filing (e.g. three separate billing entries on 12/20/17 for the preparation of notices of filing when only one notice of filing encompassing all three exhibits was filed). ECF No. 20. To correct for these entries, I will reduce the final fees award by $933.80.
I will next turn to costs. Just as they are required to establish the reasonableness of requested fees, petitioners must also demonstrate that requested litigation costs are reasonable. Perreira v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 27 Fed. Cl. 29, 34 (Fed. Cl. 1992); Presault v. United States, 52 Fed. Cl. 667, 670 (Fed. Cl. 2002). Reasonable costs include the costs of obtaining medical records and expert time incurred while working on a case. Fester v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 10-243V, 2013 WL 5367670, at *16 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Aug. 27, 2013). When petitioners fail to carry their burden, such as by not providing appropriate documentation to substantiate a requested cost, special masters have refrained from awarding compensation. See,
4 The 2015–2016 Fee Schedule can be accessed at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys- Forum-Rate-Fee-Schedule2015-2016.pdf. The 2017 Fee Schedule can be accessed at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys-Forum-Rate-Fee-Schedule-2017.pdf. The 2018 Fee Schedule can be accessed at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys%27%20Forum%20Rate%20Fee%20Schedule%202018.p df. The 2019 Fee Schedule can be accessed at: http://www.cofc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys%27%20Forum%20Rate%20Fee%20Schedule%202019.p df. The hourly rates contained within the schedules are updated from the decision in McCulloch v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL 5634323 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1, 2015).
3 e.g., Gardner-Cook v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 99-480V, 2005 WL 6122520, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. June 30, 2005).
Petitioner requests $1,947.44 in overall costs. Fees. App. at 2. This amount is comprised of obtaining medical records, postage charges, and the Court’s filing fee. Fees App. at 20. I have reviewed all of the requested costs and find them to be reasonable, and Petitioner has provided adequate documentation supporting them. Accordingly, Petitioner is entitled to the full amount of costs requested.
CONCLUSION
The Vaccine Act permits an award of reasonable attorney’s fees and costs. 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-15(e). Accordingly, I award a total of $28,323.14 as a lump sum in the form of a check jointly payable to Petitioner and his counsel, Ms. Amy Senerth, Esq. In the absence of a timely- filed motion for review (see Appendix B to the Rules of the Court), the Clerk shall enter judgment in accordance with this decision.5
IT IS SO ORDERED.
/s/ Brian H. Corcoran Brian H. Corcoran Special Master
5 Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), the parties may expedite entry of judgment by filing a joint notice renouncing their right to seek review. 4